浅谈泡沫剂及分散剂在盾构施工中的应用

1、14010angle of internal friction phi内摩擦力角度600cohesionkPa粘聚力Clay黏土Silt淤泥Gravel砾石workingChamber土仓soil conditioning and soil mechanics渣土改良和土体机理渣土改良和土体机理2EPB projectsin soft ground软土地层中地质条件决定方案软土地层中地质条件决定方案Lyon (F) 96NFM EPB,=10.98m1.5-3 bar waterFoam + Polymer + FillerBotlek (NL) 99HK EPB, =9,76m3.6 bar

2、 waterFoam + PolymerAviles (ESP)99Lovat EPB, =3.4m2.5 bar seawaterFoam + PolymerToulouse (F) 2003HK EPB, =7.72mmainly under water tableFoam + Anti-ClayTorino (I) 2004Lovat EPB, =7.7m mainly above water tableFoam + PolymerBARCELONA 2003Herrenknecht EPB=12.06m2.0 bar water pressurefoam + polymer + fil

3、ler suspensionChengdu (PRC) 07HK EPB, 3actual range of EPB use 使用使用EPB的土质范围的土质范围 weak ground under groundwater pressure 地下水压下的软弱地层地下水压下的软弱地层0.001 0.010 0.100 1 10 100TonSchluffSandKies1009080706050403020100Particle size粒径粒径 mm4Soil conditioning agents用来做土壤改良的外加剂用来做土壤改良的外加剂Decrease clogging, adhesion

4、, transport problems降低堵塞、粘性、输送问题等风险Increase the TBM speed增加TBM掘进速度Allow filling of the working chamber提高土仓充填Increase the TBM speed增加TBM掘进速度Decrease abrasion, torque降低磨损、扭距Increase soil adhesion, impermeability增加土壤粘性，抗渗透性Decrease liquid soil consistency降低湿渣土的稠度Decrease settlements减少沉降3. Polymers聚合物2.

5、 anti-clay-additives粘土分散剂Foams泡沫剂5MEYCO SLF 30universal, bad water, clay适用各种土质，粘土MEYCO SLF 33universal适用各种土质MEYCO SLF 41soil with water, clay含水土壤，粘土6what is foam?什么是泡沫？什么是泡沫？technical detail技术点in use应用7Surfactant Types表面活化剂类型表面活化剂类型Ionic Classes离子离子Structures结构结构Anionic阴离子阴离子Non-Ionic无离子无离子Cationic阳

6、离子阳离子Linear Alkyl线状烷基线状烷基Branched Alkyl支烷基支烷基Dual hydrophilic Groups双性亲水团双性亲水团Amphoteric两性两性8Tunnel Foam Appearance泡沫状态泡沫状态MEYCO Fix SLF Group系列系列9 9Highest Foam Quality不同不同FER下的发泡质量下的发泡质量FER = 8FER = 10FER = 20FER=V压缩空气/V泡沫剂水溶液10Why use different foams? 选用不同泡沫剂的原因选用不同泡沫剂的原因 air incorporation proper

7、ties 与空气的混合性能 half life time稳定时间 anti-clay behaviour 抗粘性能力 ion-sensibility (Ca, Na, .) 与离子敏感度 rheological behaviour 流变能力 soil draining behaviour 渣土排干能力foams have different properties:不同的泡沫具有不同的特性labtests have to be carried out prior to site use.现场使用前须做室内试验以选用合适的型号11Rheosoil 211standard anti-clay-pol

8、ymer标准型聚合物Rheosoil 212improved version of 211211的改进型Rheosoil 143foaming anti-clay-polymer发泡型聚合物12clogging & adhesion on the cutterhead刀盘的堵塞与粘附刀盘的堵塞与粘附13Anti-clay additives 粘土分散剂粘土分散剂use in clay and clayey soils 用于粘土或粘性土体用于粘土或粘性土体- adhesion on metal surfaces 粘附于金属表面- agglomeration (cohesion) of s

9、oil chips to big blocks 土块结团Problem 问题问题- clogging of the cutterhead 刀头堵塞- clogging in the working chamber 土仓堵塞Consequence 结果结果Result 导致导致- low TBM speed 掘进速率低- high maintenance & revision costs 保养、维护成本高14Change of soil behaviour 使用粘土分散剂的使用粘土分散剂的 with Rheosoil anti-clay additives 效果效果15Madrid Me

10、troLam project belt view马德里地铁输送带效果马德里地铁输送带效果Foam泡沫foam + Rheosoil 211泡沫 Rheosoil 21116MEYCO Fix SLF P1medium liquid soils中度含水土壤MEYCO Fix SLF P2water binding, increasing soil adhesion, stabiliser富含水，增加土壤粘性，增加土壤稳定性17Hardrock chips, Bodio TBM, CHreduced fine contentexcess of waterHow do polymers work ?

11、聚合物的作用聚合物的作用Polymer SLF P1Polymer SLF P218Characteristics of MEYCO SLF P1&P2MEYCO SLF P1和和P2机理机理触变性提高触变性提高土体颗粒土体颗粒聚合物链聚合物链聚合物的长链结构：聚合物的长链结构： 提高泡沫稳定性提高泡沫稳定性 提高土体流变性提高土体流变性 增强土体触变性增强土体触变性 防止土体离析防止土体离析 提高土体抗渗性提高土体抗渗性出土顺畅出土顺畅19Using polymers here?聚合物会起作用吗聚合物会起作用吗 20Singapore Metro - Polymer P1新加坡地铁使用新加坡地铁使用P1聚合物聚合物21Guangzhou Metro Line 3Use of MEYCO SLF P1中交隧道广州地铁三号线使用中交隧道广州地铁三号线使用MEYCO SLF P1地质情况：地质情况：在以7 12为主的连续地层中掘进，以细砂、中砂、粗砂和砾砂为主，且含水量高问题：问题：扭矩升高 土仓压力建立困难 出土不能成形，呈流砂状解决方法：解决方法：MEYCO SLF 30 +10% SLF P1结果：结果：扭矩降低 建立稳定的土仓压力 渣土呈现良好的流塑性 排土顺畅22SLF30Guan