事件指挥系统的基础和原则

1、East - WEst Consulting美国海岸警卫队美国海岸警卫队事故管理手册事故管理手册Single Resource独立物资Task Forces任务力量Strike Teams抢险队Planning计划Branch分支Division部门Branch分支Finance/Administration财务/行政Group组Logistics后勤Units within Planning, Logistics, Finance/Admin Sections计划、后勤、财政部门的联合Operations行动Command Staff指挥人员Incident Command事故指挥Stagi

2、ng Area, Receiving & Distribution, Ordering, others within units各单位分部门、收发、订购等Commander，DeputyOfficer Assistants副指挥官警官助理Chief Deputy副主席Director Deputy副主任Supervisor监督者Leader领导Manager经理Reassess / Follow-up重新评估事故地点临时区域是事故中人员等待战略部署的地方直升机基地是直升机停留、加油、维修和装载的地方营地为事故人员提供食物、水、休息、卫生服务飞机临时起降点是一个用于飞机安全起飞和降落的临时地点。

3、事故指挥部是执行重要命令的。通常和事故基地一起。基地主要功能是后勤协调AUGUST 2006 19-9OIL SPILL OIL SPILLDisposal Specialist* Check-InStatus Recorder FINANCE/ADMINSECTIONCompensation/ Claims UnitTime Unit Procurement UnitShoreline Cleanup Assessment Specialist* Trajectory Analysis Specialist.* Response Technologies Specialist* Sampli

4、ng Specialist* Volunteer Coordinator GIS Specialist* Field Observer Display Processor LOGISTICSSECTIONPLANNINGSECTIONService Branch Food Unit Medical UnitCommunications Unit Technical SpecialistsLegal Specialist Documentation UnitEnvironmental Unit Scientific Support C Coordinator Demobilization Uni

5、t Supply Unit Facilities Unit Vessel Support Unit Ground Support Unit Security Mgr. Ordering Mgr. Receiving & Distribution Mgr.* Recommended Possible Assignment of Technical Specialists Emergency Response Branch Air Operations BranchWildlifeBranch Staging Area Air TacticalGroup Recovery Group Wildli

6、feRehab Center Manager Helo Coord Fixed-Wing Coord.Air Support Group SAR Group LawEnforcementGroupSalvage/Source Control Group Fire Suppression GroupHazmat Group EMS Group ProtectionGroup Dispersants / ISB Operations GroupOn-Water Recovery Group ShoresideRecovery Group Disposal Group Decon Group Rec

7、overy and Protection Branch OPERATIONS SECTIONGIS Specialist* Human Resources Specialist Time Cost Unit Situation Unit Resources Unit Indicates initial contact pointInformation OfficerSafety OfficerLiaison OfficerCOMMAND STAFF InvestigatorsAgency Reps. NRDAR Reps. Weather Forecast Specialist.* Suppo

8、rt Branch Resources at Risk Specialist* Historical/Cultural Resources Specialist* Equipment Time Recorder Personal Time RecorderUNIFIED COMMAND FOSCSOSCRPICMulti Branch Organization ICS-207-CG (Rev. 09/04) 1. Incident Name Deepwater Horizon Response South Texas 2. Operational Period (Date/Time) From

9、: To: INCIDENT ORGANIZATION CHART ICS 207-CG INCIDENT COMMAND INFORMATION OFFICER FOSC U.S. Coast Guard SOSC TX General Land Office RPIC SAFETY OFFICER LIAISON OFFICER TGLO RLOs NRDA REPS. USFW S/ N OAA/ TPW D N ational Park Service (PIN S) OPERATIONS SECTION CHIEF PLANNING SECTION CHIEF LOGISTICS S

10、ECTION CHIEF FINANCE/ADMIN SECTION CHIEF STAGING AREA MANAGER RECOVERY BRANCH DIRECTOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE BRANCH DIRECTOR AIR OPERATIONS BRANCH DIRECTOR EMS GRUP SUPERVISOR ON-WATER GROUP SUPERVISOR Corpus Christi Oil Spill Control Association * SHORESIDE GROUP SUPERVISOR Corpus Christi Oil Spill Co

11、ntrol Association * DISPOSAL GROUP SUPERVISOR DECON GROUP SUPERVISOR DISPERSANT OPS GROUP SUPERVISOR IN-SITU BURN OPS GROUP SUPERVISOR SAR GROUP SUPERVISOR SALVAGE/SOURCE CONTROL GROUP SUPERVISOR FIRE SUPPRESSION GROUP SUPERVISOR HAZMAT GROUP SUPERVISOR PROTECTION GROUP SUPERVISOR Corpus Christi Oil

12、 Spill Control Association * LAW ENFORCEMENT SUPERVISOR AIR TACTICAL GP SUPERVISOR HELIBASE MANAGER FIXED-WING BASE COORDINATOR AIR SUPPORT GP SUPERVISOR WILDLIFE BRANCH DIRECTOR U.S. Fish & W ildlife Service/ Texas Parks & W ildlife Dept. RECOVERY OF SUPERVISOR U.S. Fish & W ildlife Service Texas P

13、arks & W ildlife Dept. WILDLIFE REHAB GROUP SUPERVISOR U.S. Fish & W ildlife Service Texas Parks & W ildlife Dept. TECHNICAL SPECIALISTS UT-Austin Marine Science Institute * SITUATION UNIT LEADER RESOURCE UNIT LEADER DOCUMENTATION UNIT LEADER DEMOBILIZATION UNIT LEADER ENVIRONMENTAL UNIT LEADER SUPP

14、ORT BRANCH DIRECTOR SUPPLY UNIT LEADER FACILITIES UNIT LEADER VESSEL SUPPORT UNIT LEADER GROUND SUPPORT UNIT LEADER SERVICE BRANCH DIRECTOR FOOD UNIT LEADER MEDICAL UNIT LEADER COMMUNICATIONS UNIT LEADER COST UNIT LEADER TIME UNIT LEADER PROCUREMENT UNIT LEADER COMPENSATION UNIT LEADER SCIENTIFIC SU

15、PPORT COORD. Nat l Oceanic Administration Assoc RESOURCES AT RISK SPECIALIST U.S. Fish & W ildlife Service Texas Parks & W ildlife Dept. TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS SPECIALIST NOAA National Weather Service VOLUNTEER COORDINATOR EDUCATION & TRAINING National Spill Control School * Coastal Bend Council of Gov

16、ernm ents Port of Corpus Christi Authority City of Corpus Christi N ueces County SHORELINE CLEAN-UP ASSESSMENT U.S. Fish & W ildlife Service Texas Parks & W ildlife Dept. U.S. Coast Guard Texas General Land Office WEATHER FORECAST SPECIALIST NOAA National Weather Service * Requires UC Implementation

17、 Resources Summary资源概述 有序资源 资源识别 时间周期 ETA 情景 位置分配27FOSC: Federal On Scene Coordinator联邦现场协调员SOSC: State On Scene Coordinator国家现场协调员RPIC: Incident Commander for the responsible party（负责本区块的） 事故指挥官统一指挥机构公共信息主任联络主任代理人安全主任情报主任联邦现场协调员国家现场协调员事故指挥官+Incident Command Post Agency 1 Agency 2 Agency 3Agency 1 I

18、ncident Commander机构机构1 指挥官指挥官Agency 2 Incident Commander机构机构2指挥官指挥官Agency 3 Incident Commander机构机构3指挥官指挥官Command Staff指挥成员指挥成员Functional Sectors指挥官安全主任公共信息主任联络主任职能部门行动计划后勤财政统一指挥统一指挥联络主任联络主任公共信息主任公共信息主任安全主任安全主任职能部门职能部门计划部门计划部门后勤部门后勤部门财政部门财政部门资源资源 统一统一技术统一技术统一文件文件 统一统一环境环境 统一统一状况状况 统一统一志愿者协调员志愿者协调员检查状

19、态检查状态 记录器记录器PlanningFinance/AdministrationLogisticsOperationsCommand StaffIncident Command事故指挥指挥人员财政后勤计划行动UNITED STATES COAST GUARD Operations Period Planning Initial UC Meeting Incident/Event Notification Initial Response & Assessment Incident Brief ICS-201 Tactics Meeting Preparing for the Tactics

20、 Meeting Operations Briefing Execute Plan & Assess Progress New Ops Period Begins Command & General Staff Meeting /Briefing IC / UC Develop/Update Objectives Meeting Preparing for the Planning Meeting IAP Prep & Approval Planning Meeting Sketch Map of IncidentSummary of Situation事件示意图事件示意图情景概述情景概述In

21、cident OrganizationThe Old Way老式方法老式方法Use of Drones (UAVs), GIS, GPS, & Other Tools使用无人机、使用无人机、GIS、GPS和其他工具和其他工具无人机能为GIS提供高分辨率的图像。转一圈需要几小时或几天（不是数月或数年）三维数据是一个可替代的激光雷达（等同拉斯维加斯格式）大数据流媒体网络服务是最常见的处理方式CONFIDENTIAL60SCATMAN Hardware and Programs can replace the useof paper forms in the field 在该领域（岸线清理小组）硬盘

22、和软件替代纸质文件在该领域（岸线清理小组）硬盘和软件替代纸质文件Paper forms can be hard to read or transmit and can get wet纸质资料很难识别，不便于传输，也容易弄湿。SCAT： Shoreline Cleanup Assessment Team (oil spills)岸线清理评估小组CONFIDENTIAL61Shoreline assessment was done with over 40 teams over 40 teams and they filled thousands of spill response field t

23、hey filled thousands of spill response field books books based on SCAT method.40多个团队对海岸线进行了评估，他们将成千上万的溢油应急领域的书本知识加载到了SCAT方法上。It is estimated that if electronic data collection if electronic data collection method method based on mobile terminals supporting automated data transfer to response planner

24、s had been used the savings in calendar time would have the savings in calendar time would have been over 6 monthsbeen over 6 months.据估计，电子数据收集方法若不是建立在自动传输数据的移动终端上传给响应的计划者，将会耗时6个月。(Total cost of the DH spill was over 60 billion USD)深海溢油成本花费在600亿美元以上真实案例真实案例Real-Life Example Oil spill accident in Gul

25、f of Mexico, 20102010年墨西哥湾溢油事故年墨西哥湾溢油事故v. Dec.2013CONFIDENTIAL6262Many surveys and service operations are based on manual field data collecting, managementmanual field data collecting, management and data data transfertransfer to a centralized data-base for further analysis. This is a time- and effo

26、rt-consuming process!This is a time- and effort-consuming process!许多调查和服务是基于人工现场数据采集和管理，数据传输到中央数据库进一步分析。这是极其浪费时间和精力的过程。Pen and paper survey forms are slow and clumsy to use especially in adverse weather conditions.尤其在天气恶劣的条件下，纸和笔的调研形式特别的缓慢和笨拙，Gathering the survey data from in-field surveyors and tra

27、nsferring it for further analysis, usually to computer systems, 从现场调研者那里收集数据，然后通过电脑系统进一步分析。 causes further delay in decision making process. 决策过程进一步延迟的原因 Includes a possibility for human errors 包括人为错误的可能性The Problem Field Data Collecting and Processing项目现场数据收集与处理项目现场数据收集与处理 COPYRIGHT - SCATMAN LTD.

28、2014 CONFIDENTIAL6363SCATMAN Platform Operation Principle岸线清理小组平台行动准则岸线清理小组平台行动准则In-field data is updated to SCATMAN server (even in real-time)SCATMAN Data Converter数据转换器SCATMAN Web Service网络服务网络服务User organization can study the data from field in a SCATMAN Web Service with normal web browsers.用户通过浏

29、览器进入SCAT网站就可以获取现场数据 Data is visualized usually in a selected map platform by using different symbols and colours.通常数据是在一个选定的平面地图上，以不同的标记和颜色显示出来。Even the locations of in-field personnel in real-time can be shown.甚至可以显示现场人员的实时位置Service also stores survey data for later use, searches and analysis。服务器还能

30、存储调查数据供后期使用、搜索和分析. SCATMAN Data Converter is an interface module that enables transfer of the data from SCATMAN database to other organization specific systems and tools. 数据转换就是一个接口模块，它能将SCAT的数据转换成其他机构系统或工具需求的格式。SCATMAN Mobile Application手机应用程序手机应用程序In-field personnel (surveys, service men, etc.) us

31、e mobile phone to fill data to their customized mobile forms:Touch-screen input based on predefined survey valuesAutomatic linking of location coordinates (GPS) to dataLinking of pictures/videos taken by phone camera to data Input of additional observations and comments现场人员（调研的、服务的等）以他们自定义的方式收集数据：可定

32、义的测量值可触屏输入；自动连接坐标（GPS）转化成数据。输入其他的观测和评论现场数据及时更新到SCAT的服务器上CONFIDENTIAL64 COPYRIGHT - SCATMAN LTD. 2014 SCATMAN for environmental and nature related tasks:岸线清理小组对环境和自然的相关任务Oils spill response and preparedness:溢油响应和准备溢油响应和准备SCAT-method (Shoreline Cleanup Assessment Technique)岸线清理评估技术岸线清理评估技术SCAT was use

33、d in Mexico Gulf oil spill 2010SCAT应用于应用于2010年的墨西哥湾石油泄漏年的墨西哥湾石油泄漏Environmental monitoring, mappings, surveys and measurements:环境环境监测、测绘、调查和测量监测、测绘、调查和测量Biotope, algae blooming follow-up, snow, etc.生境、后续水华、下雪等生境、后续水华、下雪等Pollution, noise, water quality, etc.污染、噪音、水质等污染、噪音、水质等Species surveys, monitorin

34、g, mapping and reports, like:物种调查、监测、物种调查、监测、测绘和报告，如测绘和报告，如Carnivore populations and observations 食肉动物种群及观测食肉动物种群及观测Endangered species populations and observations濒危物种种群及观测濒危物种种群及观测 Alien and exotic species populations and observations外来物种种群及观测外来物种种群及观测 Agriculture and forestry related reporting and surveys including:包括农