人力管理的科学方法

1、1人力管理的科学方法人力管理的科学方法 A scientific method of human managementPresented by Dennis Sandow, Research member Society for Organizational Learning 22 September 20022We celebrate the Ancai Groups commitment to make a difference in civilization for mankind. We present this to the Ancai managers in respect for

2、 the significant accomplishments your company has achieved and in desire to assist you in the creation of a scientific method of human management.首先祝贺安彩集团致力于提高人类文明所做的贡献，今天我们呈现给安彩集团经理们的这份报告，是表达我们对你们所取得的辉煌成就的敬意。同时我也渴望能帮助你们创造出人力管理的科学方法。3科学知识来自于科学知识来自于.The science of. 实践实践Knowledge as doingJean PiagetHu

3、mberto MaturanaJohn DeweyWalter ShewartW.E. DemingPeter SengeJ.L. Moreno4The Biology of Cognition is an explanatory proposition that attempts to show how human cognitive processes arise from the operation of human beings as living systems.生物学认知是揭示，做为生命系统的人类，是如何从他们的活动中产生人类认知过程的阐述。The nature of learni

4、ng.学习的本质5The nature of learning.学习的本质As much, The Biology of Cognition entails reflections oriented to understand living systems, their evolutionary history, language as a biological phenomenon, the nature of explanations, and the origin of humanness.更进一步的讲，生物学认知是通过反省来指导我们对生命系统及其进化史、语言作为一种生物现象、世物本质的

5、描述、人性的根源进行更深刻的理解。6The nature of learning.学习的本质As a reflection on how we do what we do as observers it is a study in the epistemology of knowledge. But, and at the same time as a reflection on how we exist in language as languaging beings, it is a study on human relations.作为一个观察者，通过反思来认识我们如何做我们所做的事，是

6、一项认识论命题的知识研究。但是，与此同时，通过反思来认识作为拥有语言的生命体的人类，是如何通过语言来存在的，又是一项人类关系的研究。Dr Humberto Maturana7The nature of learning.学习的本质Knowledge is the coordination of effective Knowledge is the coordination of effective action.action.知识是有效行为协调合作的结晶知识是有效行为协调合作的结晶8The nature of learning.学习的本质Language is the coordination

7、 of action.Language is the coordination of action.语言是行为的有机结合语言是行为的有机结合9The nature of learning.学习的本质Social knowledge is the coordination of the effective actions of the group.社会知识是群体有效行为的协调与合作。10The nature of learning.学习的本质Learning occurs only when we reflect on our actions.学习的产生只能来自于我们对自己行为的反思。11The

8、 nature of learning.学习的本质Social learning occurs only when the group reflects on their actions.群体学习只能来自于群体对他们自己行为的反思。12The nature of learning.学习的本质We learn about learning when we reflect on how we do what we do.This is the purpose of social action research which will transform human resources to a sc

9、ience of human relations.通过对我们如何做我们所做的事反思，来获得学习。群体行为研究的意义，就是从“人力资源”转向“人力关系”科学。13Love is the domain of those relational behaviours through which another (a person, being, or thing) arises as a legitimate other in coexistence with oneself. 爱是所有关系行为的主体，通过它每一个物体（一个人、一个生命体、一个事物），都把其他物体看作与自己共存的当然的同种物体。The

10、 biology of love.生物的爱Dr Humberto Maturana14The only emotion that expands intelligent behavior is love.唯一能够 传承智慧行为的情感，那就是“爱”The biology of love.生物的爱Dr Humberto Maturana15We believe a learning organization must be grounded in three foundations: (1) a culture based on transcendent human values of love,

11、 wonder, humility, and compassion; (2) a set of practices for generative conversation and coordinated action; and (3) a capacity to see and work with the flow of life as a system.”我们确信学习型组织必须建立在三个基础之上：1、具有建立在充满爱心与好奇心、恭卑谦让和赋有同理心的 崇高人生价值观基础上的优秀文化。2、具有一系列保证和创造交谈与协调行动的措施。3、具有以系统的观点，沿着我们传流不息的生活，去观察和体 验的能

12、力。The biology of love.生物的爱Peter Senge and Fred Kofman16The nature of business.商业的实质Bring a product or service to the marketplace in the most productive manner.以最有效的方式将产品或者是服务，提供给市场。17Productivity improvement always decreases waste and generates social well being.生产力的提高总是伴随者减少浪费和创造社会效益The nature of b

13、usiness productivity.商业生产力的实质18The nature of social action research.社会（群体）行为研究的实质Social action research reveals how social learning and productivity improvement relate so managers can reflect on an economy where social, biological and financial well being are integrated into one system.社会（群体）行为研究揭示了

14、群体学习与提高生产力之间的关系，由此，管理者可以发现，在经济效益好的地方，肯定是把社会群体、生物学、良好的财务状况有机地整合为一个系统。19Social network社会（群体）网络Social networks are our pattern of relations with others.Social network analysis is a tool that reveals social networks.There are several social network patterns that we are familiar with.社会（群体）网络是我们与他人之间的关系模

15、式社会（群体） 网络分析是揭示群体网络关系的一个工具我们比较熟悉的群体网络有那么几种：20Organizational Chart传统组织图表Organization charts are networks that show relations of rank, authority, dominance and sub ordinance. They also sometimes show pay scales.传统组织图表是用来显示等级关系、权利、领导者与被领导者，它们有时候也表示报酬的多少。21Distribution network弥散网络Distribution networks a

16、re networks that send out messages or information.弥散网络是一种向外发散消息和信息的网络教学式22Concentrated network集中网络Concentrated networks are networks that collect messages or information.集中网络是一种消息和信息向内集中的网络倾听理解式23Social systems or cliques社会系统网络或群集网络The most cohesive social network is called a clique. Everyone in the

17、 social network is connected to everyone else in the social network in bi-directional relations. This is the pattern of relations arising from the emotion of love and is the only pattern leading to intelligent action.最密切的社会网络叫做群集网络，在社会网络里面的每一个成员都与其他成员双向联络与沟通，这种关系模式是由爱的情感产生的，也是唯一一种能够带来智慧行为的关系模式。24Cha

18、nging index speed加快生产节拍25加快生产节拍Changing index speed目的:持续努力地提速大盘时间 Purpose ：Speeding index cycle time is a constant effort.加快大盘时间有机械上的制约，我们必须改善压模本身。通过以往的经验我们学习到这一点。“There are mechanical limits to changing the index cycle time. We have to change the plunger itself. We learned this through our experien

19、ce.在我们采取的任何步骤中在保证质量的前提下提高速度。In our steps we prioritize quality over speed.261.模具的改变必须保证玻壳周围尺寸的稳定Mold improvement to keep perimeter stable.2.通过增加空气流量和冷气来降低产品的温度Lower the air temperature by increasing air flow and cooling air.3.通过应用自然风和空调来改变环境温度Improve environment by using natural blower and air condi

20、tioning.4.在压模中增加冷却系统，降温3 C Added coolant to the plunger to cool the air to 3C.加快生产节拍Changing index speed27奉献之源Contributing conditions团队精神这是特别重要的。任何一个部门是不可能独立完成的。Team spirit- this is extremely important. Any one department can not do it all.奉献精神许多工人都参与这个项目并做出相应的贡献。Contribution spirit- Many workers co

21、ntributed and joined our work. 稳定Stability 改变Change 挑战和改善Challenge and improve 接受并标准化Accept and standardize28问题Questions什么是最大的挑战？信心和设定更高的目标。What is the greatest challenge? Confidence and giving the workers higher target objectives.什么是最大的困难？改革和创新，因为我们必须用突破式的方法去改变。What is the most difficulty? Innovati

22、on and creativity because we can not use the normal way to innovate.工人可以和其他部门的人员直接沟通吗？是的，我们每周有两次例行的会议，并且随时有问题我们都可以交流。每天早上在主管的主导下我们分享想法。Can workers directly communicate with other departments? Yes, we have two meetings a week and talk whenever there is a problem. Every morning we share ideas and the

23、supervisor directs activity.”29大盘速度改变的社会（群体）网络The index speed change network30ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRUTSVWXYZAAABAGAFAEADAC31群集分析Clique analysis特别紧密的社会群体称为群集。在社会群体中的每一个人都被其他人认为是一个有贡献的人。The most cohesive social network is called a clique. Everyone in the social network is regarded by everyone else in the

24、social network as a contributor. 知识的创造，发明，创新，绩效的改善以及群体的支持均产生于群集。Knowledge creation, invention, creativity, performance improvement, social support all occur in cliques.这是群体本质的规律。我们不能创造这种关系模式，在日常生活中只能选择接受这种模式或者拒绝它们。This is our natural social order. We can not create these pattern of relations we eith

25、er accept them or reject them in our daily lives.32ABCDEFGHJKMOQR331.最佳速度的知识创造是在小的、自主的群体网络中。The greatest speed in knowledge creation is in small, autonomous social networks. 2.这种网络形成知识，他们自身的网络架构和数据信息。These networks produce knowledge, their own network structure and data and information.3.他们自我组织、自我约束

26、并且自我生成群体责任感。They self-organize, self-regulate and also self-produce social responsibility.知识借由行动的配合而产生，行动的配知识借由行动的配合而产生，行动的配合是一个群集的过程。（语言，交流，合是一个群集的过程。（语言，交流，关系）关系）Knowledge is created through the coordination of action. Coordination of action is a social process (language, conversations and relatio

27、nships).34倾听和观察倾听和观察Listening and observing协作协作Collaboration信任信任Trust理解理解Understanding激情，赞扬激情，赞扬Excitement, appreciation创造，创新，支持创造，创新，支持Creativity, innovation. support加强参与加强参与Increased participation群体协作Social collaboration35群体竞争Social competition降低倾听和观注降低倾听和观注Decrease in listening and observing群体分离群

28、体分离SocialSeparation缺乏信缺乏信任任Lack of trust误解误解Misunderstanding疑虑疑虑Fear内在竞争内在竞争InternalCompetition额外工作额外工作Redundant work增加成本增加成本Increased costs消耗资源消耗资源Decreased resources36学习及其建议Learnings and recommendations工作创造了社会（群体）网络架构。Work creates social network structure.群集的群体网络架构，不能被设计。The clique social network

29、structure can not be designed.37学习及其建议Learnings and recommendations行为（学习）的自由空间Freedom to act (learn)绩效提高Measured performance38学习及其建议Learnings and recommendations从“人力资源”到“人力关系”的人力管理的科学方法包括：Transform from Human Resources to Human Relations by adopting a scientific method for human management this will

30、 include:39从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括： Transform from Human Resources to Human Relations by adopting a scientific method for human management this will include:1 、用具有科学流程的群体绩效评估来取代个体绩效评估。（社会群体行为研究）Replacing individual performance evaluation with a scientific process for group perfo

31、rmance evaluation (social action research).403.采取 精确培训技术以达到以数据为基础的决策和可连锁传授培训的目的。Adopt precision training techniques that result in data based decision making and distributed training.从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括：Transform from Human Resources to Human Relations by adopting a scientif

32、ic method for human management this will include:1 .用具有科学流程的群体绩效评估来取代个体绩效评估。（群体行为研究）Replacing individual performance evaluation with a scientific process for group performance evaluation (social action research).2 .用群体行为研究来测试改善群体生产力的条件。Use social action research to test those conditions that result

33、in the improvement in group productivity.41从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括：从人力资源到群体关系的人力管理的科学方法包括：Transform from Human Resources to Human Relations by adopting a scientific method for human management this will include:1 .用具有科学流程的群体绩效评估来取代个体绩效评估。（群体行为研究）Replacing individual performance evaluation with a scie

34、ntific process for group performance evaluation (social action research).2 .用社会（群体）行为研究来测试改善群体生产力的条件。Use social action research to test those conditions that result in the improvement in group productivity.42从人力资源到人力关系From Human Resources to Human Relations人力资源Human Resources群体关系Human Relations成功是进步

35、Success is rank成功是公司的Success is the success of the company绩效属于个体Performance is individual绩效属于社会（群体）网络Performance is the network组织是静态的Organization is static组织是动态的Organization is dynamic通过教育和培训获得知识Knowledge through education and training通过教育、培训和关系获得知识Knowledge through education, training and relations

36、hip竞争性的群体架构Social structure competitive合作性的群体架构Social structure cooperative43学习及其建议Learnings and recommendations从供应链到转移Move from supply chain to.供应商3Vendor 3供应商2Vendor 2供应商1Vendor 1公司Company客户Customer供应商3供应商2供应商1客户公司供应网络.supply network供应链供应网络44学习及其建议Learnings and recommendations研究Study行动Act计划Plan执行Do这是一个商业状况下研究学习速度的循环，它揭示了从“即时反应”，月度反应到年度反应等不同速度。This is the learning cycle in business. Study how fast it revolves from just in time to monthly or annu