First_aid_词汇20141029

1、Learning key words and expressions in unit 51. aid vt.支持，帮助支持，帮助=help，救助，救助,资助资助 aid sb with sth 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事aid sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事aid sb. to do=aid sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事He came to my aid at once.I aided him with money.We aided him in raising the money.in aid of =in favor of/for支

2、持支持,为了帮助为了帮助 The collection is in aid of the blind.这笔募集的捐款是用来救济盲人的。with(out) the aid/help of=with(out) ones aid/help 在/没有的帮助下 A concert will be given by some A concert will be given by some volunteers to collect money_ those volunteers to collect money_ those poor children who cant afford to go to p

3、oor children who cant afford to go to school.school. with aid of B. in aid of with aid of B. in aid of C. with hope of D. in need of C. with hope of D. in need of temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的暂时的，临时的反义：反义：permanent adj.永久的，持久的永久的，持久的运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。The boss had to hire some _ (临时工临时工) to do

4、 some_ (临时临时工作工作). temporary worktemporary workers.fall ill 生病生病(fall 为系动词为系动词)fall ill 生病生病 属短暂性动词属短暂性动词, 不与不与 for + 时间段连用时间段连用be ill 指生病的状态指生病的状态,是持续性行为是持续性行为, 可与可与 for + 时间段连用时间段连用His wife suddenly fell ill last week.He has been ill for a week. fall 用作系动词用作系动词,后常接形容词后常接形容词. fall asleep 睡着睡着 fall

5、silent 沉默不语沉默不语运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 他因总是想家而病倒了。他因总是想家而病倒了。 _because of his homesickness. 他直到午夜才睡着。他直到午夜才睡着。 _ until midnight. He didnt fall asleepHe fell illInjury n. damage, hurt, harm损伤;伤害搭配 do an injury to sb.=do sb. an injury对某人有害 be an injury to sb /sthWhat you said did an injury to

6、 her. 单词积累Injure V.受伤,伤害 injured adj.受伤的injury, wound, hurt，damage, destroy, harm(1)injury 多指在意外事故中受伤。(2)wound 主要指在战斗、攻击中受伤(如刀伤、枪伤等) (3)hurt 尤指精神上或感情上的伤害和肉体上的伤痛, 强调疼痛。(4)damage 指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物，可修复(5)destroy摧毁，毁灭，不可修复(6)harm 指对人或事物造成影响，伤害，由指对健康的伤害，危害。比较网站比较网站高效记忆高效记忆He got _ in the fighting.He wa

7、s badly _ in a car accident.Her words _ me deeply.I _ my back when I fell.My feet _ .woundedinjuredhurtinjuredhurtbleed vi/vt. (bled; bled)vi. 出血，流血了；e. g. bleed to death 流血过多而死流血过多而死 His nose bled last night. 昨晚他流鼻血了vt. bleed sb（for sth） 向某人勒索（钱财向某人勒索（钱财等）等）eg.: The boss bled him for every penny he

8、 had.老板把他的钱榨得一干二净。 (3)bleed for （为事业、祖国）负伤（为事业、祖国）负伤或牺牲；难过或牺牲；难过他们在为国家流血牺牲 。They bled for their country.Bleed sb. White /dry榨干血汗榨干血汗,榨完钱财榨完钱财派生词: blood（n）血,血液 bloody（adj.）血染的, 出血的 ，血腥的 Bloodily (adv)血迹斑斑地 bloodless（adj.）不流血的,无伤亡的 bleeder( n.)易出血的人choke vi./vt.噎住，窒息1.He choked when he ate his food to

9、o quickly. choke with anger（喻）怒气哽喉（喻）怒气哽喉 2. Tom choked Mary to death 他把她掐死了。他把她掐死了。3. Her voice was choked with sobs.泣不成声泣不成声 3.poison n./vt. 毒药毒药,毒害毒害;毒害毒害,使中毒使中毒 poisonous adj. 有毒的有毒的n. These mushrooms contain a deadly . 这些蘑菇含有致命的毒素这些蘑菇含有致命的毒素v. poison sb/ sth to deathTom feared that someone had

10、ed his food.These violent videos/ films ed the minds of the young.把把 毒死毒死下毒下毒毒害毒害Ray 光线,射线 The windows were shining in the reflected rays of the setting sun. 窗户上闪耀着落日的余辉. A ray of hope/light 一线希望/光明Variety n.变化,多样性,多边性名词复数: varieties 动词: vary形容词various All varieties of goods (for daily use )are avai

11、lable.日用百货一应俱全各种各样的Varieties of .a (wide/great/large) variety of 2. swell(swelled，swollen)v.(使使)膨胀；膨胀；(数量数量)增多；充满增多；充满运用：用英语解释下面的划线部分：运用：用英语解释下面的划线部分： Iron often swells when heated. With the development of the economy，the number of foreigners to China is swelling. Her eyes swelled with sadness. are

12、filled withbecomes largerincreasing相关搭配Swell up Swell up 膨胀膨胀, ,肿胀肿胀His face swell up with the His face swell up with the toothachetoothacheSwell out Swell out 鼓出鼓出, ,凸出凸出The breeze swelled out his light The breeze swelled out his light clothes.clothes.Swell withSwell with充满充满squeeze an orangesqueez

13、e the juice out of an orangesqueeze the milk from a cow6.squeeze vt./vi. 榨出榨出,挤出挤出(+out of sth / from sth ); 塞进塞进(+into)squeeze in 挤进去挤进去There were already four people in the lift, but he managed to squeeze in. 电梯里已经有四个人了电梯里已经有四个人了, 但他还是挤进去了但他还是挤进去了. squeeze out 榨出，挤出榨出，挤出 She felt as if every drop

14、of emotion had been squeezed out of her. squeeze through 挤过，勉强通过挤过，勉强通过He had squeezed through a gap in the fencesqueeze o sth.将将挤进挤进squeeze sth.from/out of sth.从从榨取榨取3. squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨榨；挤；压榨Squeeze outI try to squeeze the word out of my mind!看人家说可以把需要背的英看人家说可以把需要背的英语单词改成语单词改成qqqq密码，会更

15、容密码，会更容易记忆易记忆结果，一觉醒结果，一觉醒来来QQQQ登不上去了登不上去了运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。 She squeezed some juice_ the lemon. He squeezed_ the crowd and then went up to the stage. from through7. over and over again =over and over =again and again =time and again 反复；多次；反复；多次； eg: The teacher demands that the students

16、should read the passage over and over again. 老师要求学生应反复读课文。老师要求学生应反复读课文。根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1. 他被年轻人挤出了人才市场他被年轻人挤出了人才市场(squeeze out of)2. 我一次又一次地警告过你不要再做那么我一次又一次地警告过你不要再做那么傻的事。傻的事。 (over and over again) He was squeezed out of the job market by young people.Ive warned you over an

17、d over again not to do such silly things.8.in place 在适当的位置，适当在适当的位置，适当I like to have everything in place. 我喜欢把一切东西都在适当的位置我喜欢把一切东西都在适当的位置out of place 不在适当位置，不合适不在适当位置，不合适in place of 代替，取代代替，取代 take place 发生，举行发生，举行in the first place 首先，第一点首先，第一点in the second place 其次其次 ，第二点，第二点take ones place 就位，就坐，代

18、替就位，就坐，代替take the place of 代替，取代代替，取代As a foreign student in my first year there, I began to feel unmistakably _ in that host family.A. in place B. out of place C. out of order D. in order Symptom n.征兆;症状 1.the symptom of的症状的症状;.的征兆的征兆 2. Symptomatic adj.有征兆的有征兆的,表明表明.的的 be symptomatic of.是是.的迹象的迹象/

19、征兆征兆 Fever is a symptom of many illnesses. . essential adj.必要的必要的,极其重要的极其重要的,本质的本质的,基本的基本的搭配 be essential for/to sb./sth.对某人/某事来说必要的 Is money essential to happiness?It is essential (for sb.) to do.（某人）做.是完全必要的It is essential that. . .是完全必要的在此句型中，that从句中的谓语动词常用 should+V原，should可以省略vital adj.必不可少的，至关重

20、要的 be vital to/for sb./sth.对某人/某物极其重要的 Regular exercise is vital for your health It is vital that. .是极其重要的/必不可少的 that从句中应用虚拟语气（should+V原），should 可以省略。 Its absolutely vital that you do exactly as I say pour down流下流下; (雨雨)倾盆而下倾盆而下 He was so worried that sweat began to pour down his face. 他很着急,汗水沿着他的面颊

21、直淌下来。 pour sth onto sth把把倒在倒在上上 He poured the wine on the ground. 他把酒倒在地上。4. pour vi & vt 倒出；倾斜；倾注；倒出；倾斜；倾注；吐露吐露运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 有些学生常常向我们的心理老师吐露他有些学生常常向我们的心理老师吐露他们的烦恼。们的烦恼。Some students often pour_ their trouble _ our psychology teachers. 有些人总是爱给别人的计划泼冷水。有些人总是爱给别人的计划泼冷水。Some people

22、are always_ others plan. pouring cold water on outtopour out 倒出; 使流出 vt She poured out the tea from the pot. 她把茶从壶中倒出来。 涌出 vi The film was over. The students poured out in crowds. 电影散场后学生们一群一群往外涌。pour out(to sb.)(向某人向某人)吐露；倾诉吐露；倾诉I fancy I would enter your dreamland someday and pour out my heart to

23、you.我幻想有一天能进入你的梦境，向你倾诉我的心里话。我幻想有一天能进入你的梦境，向你倾诉我的心里话。 pour cold water on sb.给某人泼冷水给某人泼冷水pour energy into 把精力倾注在把精力倾注在 pour oil on the fire 火上浇油；煽动火上浇油；煽动It never rains but pours .不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。10. a number of 若干；许多若干；许多a number of+可数名词，谓语用复数，意为可数名词，谓语用复数，意为“许多，大量的许多，大量的. .”，the number of +可数名词，

24、谓语用单数，可数名词，谓语用单数， 意为意为“. . 的数量的数量”eg:1)A number of problems have arisen. 已经出现了很多问题。已经出现了很多问题。2)The number of colleges has increased in the past 10 years. 在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。a large amount of +不可数名词不可数名词 大量的，许多大量的，许多3(2009年高考山东卷年高考山东卷)The number of foreign students attending Chinese

25、universities_rising steadily since 1997.AisBareChas been Dhave been解析解析：选选C。“the number ofn.”作作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；由主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；由since 1997 可知句子的时态应用现在完可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。成时。4The number of college graduates _ surprisingly large and a large number of them _ unable to find a proper job.Ais；is Bare；areCare；i

26、s Dis；are解析解析：选选D。“the number of复数复数名词名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“a number of复数名词复数名词”作主语时，谓语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。动词用复数。运用：用所给词的适当形式填空。运用：用所给词的适当形式填空。 The number of people present at the meeting _ (be) 3000，a number of whom _ (be) from Guangzhou. There_ (be) a large amount of false information on the Inte

27、rnet. is isare 表示多的概念,仅用来修饰可数名词的词或短语有: a great/good/large number of, a great many, quite a few ,dozens of, scores of, many a 注意 many a +单数名词+单数谓语动词 表示许多, 大量,仅次于用来修饰不可数名词有much, a great deal of, a large amount of ,quite a little等 表示许多,大量 ,既能修饰可数名词,又能修饰不可数名词 有a lot of ,lots of, plenty of ,a quantity of

28、 ,quantities of ,masses of运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 我要请你们每人吃个苹果。我要请你们每人吃个苹果。I will _ each of you_ an apple. 他们热情招待了这些农民。他们热情招待了这些农民。They gave_to these farmers. treat toa warm treat 我妈妈总把我们当孩子看待。我妈妈总把我们当孩子看待。My mother always _ children. 这个男孩正在接受心脏病治疗。这个男孩正在接受心脏病治疗。This boy _ for a heart condit

29、ion. is being treatedtreats us like应用，敷应用，敷向向申请申请适用于适用于致力于致力于集中精神集中精神于于apply sth to sth / sbapply (to sb) for sthapply to sthapply oneself to sth12.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效申请；请求；使用；有效 application 申请，申请书申请，申请书 applicant 申请人申请人make an application to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物向某人申请某物 1)T

30、he nurse applied the ointment to the wound 护士把药膏敷到伤口上。护士把药膏敷到伤口上。2)School regulations apply to every student. 校规适用于每位学生。校规适用于每位学生。3)We should apply theory to practice 我们应该把理论应用于实践。我们应该把理论应用于实践。4)Students should apply themselves to all subjects. 学生们应努力学好所有的课程。学生们应努力学好所有的课程。 运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完

31、成英语句子。 我们应当把理论运用到实践中去，要不我们应当把理论运用到实践中去，要不然，这条理论是无用的。然，这条理论是无用的。We should_，otherwise，it is no use.apply theory to practice 这项规则不是所有情况都使用。这项规则不是所有情况都使用。This rule doesnt _ every case. 不要向经理申请这份工作，那工作太无聊不要向经理申请这份工作，那工作太无聊了。了。Dont_ the manager_the job，because it is boring. apply to/make an application toapply toforPressure n.压力,压迫感 Under pressure 在压力之下,被迫 Put pressure on .对施加压力 Put pressure on sb. To do sth迫使某人做某事13. make a difference有影响有影