初中一般过去时--精讲

1、一般一般过去过去时态时态1.定义定义： 一般过去时态表示一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的过去某个时间发生的动作或动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也表示存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也表示过去经常或反复发生过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用。语连用。2.谓语动词变化：谓语动词变化：1.be 动词动词 2. 行为动词（实义动词）行为动词（实义动词）3.时间状语时间状语：yesterdaylast night in 1990 two days ago 等等返回首页返回首页巧记时态巧记时态动词的一般过去时态表示动词的一般过去时态表

2、示。也表示过去。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。经常或反复发生的动作。行为动词行为动词(即实义动词即实义动词)的的过去式没有过去式没有人称和数的变化人称和数的变化。一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外除外)I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.I _ 12 years old this year. 我去年我去年11岁岁.I _ 11 years old last year.He _ in Beijing now.他昨天在上海。他昨天

3、在上海。He _ in Shanghai yesterday.他现在在北京。他现在在北京。我今年我今年12岁岁.amwasiswasThey _ in China today.他们今天在中国。他们今天在中国。They _ in Japan yesterday.他们昨天在日本他们昨天在日本。areweream/ iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.昨天，早餐我吃面条。昨天，早餐我吃面条。I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morn

4、ing.他每天都吃水果。他每天都吃水果。He _ fruit every day.昨天他吃了昨天他吃了3个苹果。个苹果。He _ 3 apples yesterday.have/ hashadhavehashadhadI up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up at 9:00 last Sunday.He football every afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.He his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.gotplayeddidTh

5、ey TV in the evening.They _ TV last night.She basketball after school.She _ basketball after school yesterday. you to school on foot every day?_ you _ to school on foot yesterday. he to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?didntdiddidnt watchdidnt playDidDidgogo一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词一般过去

6、时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成的过去式构成1.一般加一般加ed2.以以e结尾加结尾加d3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先音节词，先双写双写这个辅音字母，再这个辅音字母，再加加ed . 规则动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成1、一般词尾加、一般词尾加-ed。如：如： staystayed help - helped ask - asked looklooked watch - watched2、e结尾的只加结尾的只加-d。如：如：hopehoped love - loved dance - danced livelived live - lived 3、

7、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加字母，再加ed . 如：如：stopstopped plan(计划计划) planned drop - dropped beg - begged4、以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结结尾，尾，y改为改为i, 再加再加 -ed。 carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 5.不规则变化不规则变化.(见不规则动词表见不规则动词表P148) 过去式加 -ed 的读音1、在清辅音后，读清辅音、在清辅音后，读清辅音 / t / 。 worked

8、/ kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t /2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音 / d / 。 played / d / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld /3、在、在 / t, d / 音后面音后面, 读读 / id / 。 wanted / tid / needed / did / finished enjoyedshoutedmoved helped wantedcalled needed

9、 /t/d/Id/d/d/t/Id/Id/grow - grewknow - knewthrow - threwblow - blewwrite - wrotedrive - drove ride - rodeget - gotforget - forgotlend - lentsend - sentspend - spentsay - said */sed/pay - paidstand - stoodunderstand - understoodlet - let put - putcut - cut read - read*am, is - was are - were do - did

10、 go - went have - hadsee - sawcan - couldmay - mightdig - dugeat - atefind - foundmake - madehear - heardrun - rantake - tookhold - heldspeak - spokeleave - leftkeep - keptsleep - sleptsweep - swepttell - toldsell - soldbegin - begansing - sangsit - satswim - swamring - ranggive - gave bring - broug

11、htbuy - boughtthink - thoughtteach - taughtcatch - caughtcome - came become - became不规则动词的过去式不规则动词的过去式 巧记不规则动词过去式巧记不规则动词过去式 1.1.中间去中间去e e，末尾加，末尾加t t 如：如： keepkeptkeepkept， feelfelt feelfelt， sleepslept sleepslept，sweepsweptsweepswept2.2.结尾结尾d d变变t t 如：如： buildbuiltbuildbuilt，lendlentlendlent， sendse

12、nt sendsent，spendspentspendspent3.3.遇见遇见i i改为改为a a 如：如：ringrangringrang，sitsatsitsat， drinkdrank drinkdrank， singsang singsang，swimswamswimswam，beginbeganbeginbegan， givegave givegave4 4.“.“骑骑( (马马)”“)”“开开( (车车)”“)”“写写( (字字)”)”把把i i变变o o 如：如：rideroderiderode，drivedrovedrivedrove，writewrotewritewrote

13、5 5.“.“想想”“”“买买”“”“带来带来”“”“打仗打仗”oughtought换上换上 如：如： thinkthoughtthinkthought，buyboughtbuybought， bringbrought bringbrought，fightfoughtfightfought6 6.“.“教书教书”“”“抓住抓住”aughtaught切莫忘切莫忘 如：如： teachtaughtteachtaught，cacatchtchcaughtcaught7.ow/aw7.ow/aw改为改为ewew是新时尚是新时尚 如：如： knowknewknowknew，growgrewgrowgre

14、w， throwthrew throwthrew，drawdrewdrawdrew8 8.“.“放放”“”“让让”“”“读读”过去式与原形一样过去式与原形一样 如：如： putputputput，letletletlet，readread/redreadread/red 写出下列动词的过去式：写出下列动词的过去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypas

15、sanswerwentthoughtwas/ werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedansweredusedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstoppedranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished三、一般过去时基本用法三、一般过去时基本用法 1.1.表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态Liu Jie got up at 7: 10 this

16、 morning. He was a student three years ago. 2表示过去经常或反复发生的动作表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Zhang Yuan always went to school by bike last year.3表示已故人所做的事情表示已故人所做的事情。 Lei Feng helped lots of people in his life. (雷锋一生帮助了许多人。)4.表示过去所发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。表示过去所发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。 Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning, dres

17、sed, had breakfast, and went to work. 四、一般过去常用时间状语四、一般过去常用时间状语一般过去时一般都有明显的时间状语，它们可以是单词/短语或从句。1.yesterday, yesterday /morning/afternoon /evening，the day before yesterday等；2. last night (week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday)等；3. “时间段+ago”：a moment / two days/a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 由“介词+一时间

18、名词”短语：on Friday, on Monday morning, on April 15, on the night of Oct. 1, in 1998，5.频度副词：often, always ,但是句中必须有last year等修饰；6. 其它：then, just now, once,以及由after或before构成的介词短语等7. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。 e.g. I got up at five yesterday, but I didnt get up so early this morning. Did he watch TV last night? I was

19、in Grade One last year.1.与与 连用：连用：lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondaymorningafternooneveningthe day before yesterday 2.与与 连用连用3.与与 连用：连用：4.与与 连用：连用：morningevening dayMonday afternoon5.与与 连用：连用：1。肯定句：。肯定句： 主语主语 + 行为动词过去式行为动词过去式 主语主语 + be动词过去式动词过去式(was / were)e.g. We played football yesterday. I was in t

20、he office last night.一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词前加助动词主语主语+didnt+动词原形动词原形I _ them the news.I _ (tell) them the news yesterday.didnt telltold一般过去时的一般疑问式在句一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词首加助动词didThey _(finish) their work at four.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Yes, they _. No, they _.一般过去时的特殊疑问式一般过去时的特殊疑问式They finished their wor

21、k at four.ABWhat did they do at four?When did they finish their work?1.外加助动词外加助动词后后,动词须返回原形。动词须返回原形。 he to school yesterday? he to school yesterday?2.简略回答用助动词简略回答用助动词代替代替行为动词。行为动词。he the boy yesterday?Yes, he .No, he 1. look2. live3. stop 4. go5. hope6. trip 7. call 8. eat 9. want 10. are 11. go 12.

22、 have13. do 14.get 15. come16. say 17.see 18. put19. read20.take lookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook21.buy 22.sing 23.hear24.make25. find 26.break 27.think 28.fall 29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheardlI.改错题改错题lHow is Jane yesterday? _lHe gets to school at six yesterday. _lHe often goes home at 6:00 last month. _lI can fly kites seven years ago. _lDid you saw him just now. _lTom wasnt watch TV last night. _lI did my homework later . _lHe wait for you three hours ago. _l Who find