高三定语从句复习课件

1、the Attributive Clause什么是定语和定语从句？什么是定语和定语从句？定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“的的”表示。表示。单词作定语一般前置单词作定语一般前置, ,句子或短语作定语则须后置句子或短语作定语则须后置. .句子作定语则句子作定语则叫定语从句叫定语从句. .a a blueblue sea sea a a handsomehandsome boy boy定语从句的位置定语从句的位置: :1.1.紧跟在先行词的后面紧跟在先行词的后面: :You must do everyt

2、hing You must do everything that I do.that I do.I have found the book I have found the book which I lost.which I lost.I visited the schoolI visited the school where I studied. where I studied.2.2.定语从句后移定语从句后移/ /分隔式定语从句分隔式定语从句He laughs best who laughs last.He is the only one of the teachers who comes

3、 from Qingdao.3.as3.as引导的定语从句可前移引导的定语从句可前移As you all know,theAs you all know,the earth is round. earth is round.定语从句复习定语从句复习1.定语从句类型限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句2.定语从句关系词关系代词 6个关系副词 3个有逗号隔开关系代词 that which who whom whose as关系副词 when where why怎样判断一个从句是不是定语从句概念：定语从句又叫形容词性从句，即一个句子修饰一个名词的结构The boy The boy whowho got i

4、njured in the accident got injured in the accident was sent to hospital immediatelywas sent to hospital immediately判断以下句子是不是定语从句并选择I advise you to cancel _is thought unnecessary.He remembered the weekends _ he climbed mountains.We took a picture_ there is a tower.A. What B. when C. that D. where E.

5、which如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. wh

6、en /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/whichVt.Vt.Vt. 当先行词为当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时等不定代词时a.a. AllAll that that can be donecan be done has been done.has been done.b. I am sure she has b. I am sure she has something something (t

7、hat) you (that) you can borrow.can borrow.只用只用 thatthat不用不用 whichwhich考点考点二二 先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时：修饰时： Ive read all the books (that) you gave me.先行词是先行词是序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时。修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read. 2. This is the first composition (that) h

8、e has written in English.先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the last the only, the very, the last 修饰时。修饰时。That white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find. 当有当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，时，这个定语从句要用这个定语从句要用thatthat而不用而不用who (whom)who (whom)和和which

9、which引导。如：引导。如：He talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.用用whichwhich不用不用thatthat1.1.非限定性地语从句非限定性地语从句2.2.在介词加关系代词中在介词加关系代词中1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) She heard a

10、terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhich练一练练一练：that 与与 which填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺宾语缺宾语考点考点三三：the way用做先行词用做先

11、行词缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that / which / 不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that / in which / 不填不填3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （湖北）（湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：试一试试一试 介词加关系代词介词加关系代词1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother

12、is talking?2. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.3. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.to whomwith whichon which考点考点四四：介词介词+ +关系词关系词定语从句句首为介词时定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为后可接的关系词为:介词介词+whom / which / whosee.g. I recognized the boss in company my sister was working. whose总结总结介词的选用

13、原则介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中根据定语从句中谓语动词谓语动词的的习惯搭习惯搭 配配来决定。如：来决定。如：This is the camera _ I spent 6 yuan. This is the camera _ I paid 6 yuan. spend money on sth.为固定搭配为固定搭配pay money for sth.为固定搭配为固定搭配On whichFor which2)根据根据先行词先行词的的搭配习惯搭配习惯来决定。来决定。如：如：I remember the day _ I came to my tower of ivory.I remember the

14、 days _ I visited Paris. 强调在具体某一天要用介词强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词强调在某几天时间内要用介词duringOn whichduring which3) 根据从句中根据从句中动词与先行词动词与先行词的的逻辑关系逻辑关系。 Is that the newspaper _ you often write articles?for which3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.As难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _

15、nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat归纳：归纳：asas引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, such, the same, so, as so, as 修饰，修饰，即构成即构成suchsuchas , the same as , the same as, as, sosoas, as, 结构，结构，asas在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。宾语或表语。注意注意asas 与与whichwhich引导

16、引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句都能指代都能指代整句内容整句内容，The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round.which/ as As1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的wher

17、e解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引引导，意思是导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （山东）（山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yours

18、elf? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （江西）（江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /比较一下：比较一下：不缺成分用不缺成分用wherewhere缺宾语用缺宾语用that/which/that/which/不填不填1. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. (NMET) A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. The film b

19、rought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.(NMET) A. until B. that C. when D. where3. _ is reported, the storm will last for a long time. _is reported is that the storm will last for a long time. A. That B. What C. It D. AsDB4. The car _ owner is a musician is in g

20、ood condition.(湖北湖北) A. whom B. whose C. that D. which5. I dont like the way_tourists were treated in Sanya.A.on which B. in whichC. in that D. where例析：定语从句易错点 易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用 e.g. 1. Ill never forget the days when I spent in New York with you. 2. Ill never forget the days which I

21、 visited New York with you. 易错点二：固定句式出错易错点二：固定句式出错 e.g. 1. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves her. 2. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves. 易错点三：主语和谓语不一致的现象易错点三：主语和谓语不一致的现象 e.g. 1.Tom is one of the students who likes swimming. 2. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimmin

22、g. 易错点易错点4：忽略：忽略that和和which引导限定性定语从句的区别引导限定性定语从句的区别e.g. 1. This is the most exciting football game which I have ever seen. （怎么改）易错点易错点5:介词前置出错介词前置出错e.g. 1. Tell him all the things on which he should pay attention. (怎么改） 易错点易错点6：which和和whose意义不明确意义不明确e.g. 1. The book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us. wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：综合考查一：定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived. A.