工商管理专业英语7Unit6管理变革与创新

1、English Course for Business Administration工工商管理专业商管理专业英语英语 2. Text3. Questions4. SummaryThis shirt was the wrong size, so she made an .这件衬衫尺码不对，所以她做了修改。an in the interest rate利率的调整 of building / document / result / timetable改建，更改文件，改变结果，更改时间表 alter v. 改变 alterable adj. 可改变的1. alteration2. alternativ

2、e n. / adj. 可供替代的alternative plan / method可供选择的方案；替代方法，变通方法There are four answers for each question.每个问题都有四个备选答案。You have the of marrying or remaining single.你可以选择结婚或者保持单身。We have no but to wait and see.我们别无选择，只能看看事态发展（等着瞧）。 future events预测未来的事 predictable adj. predictable ending 预料之中的结局 prediction

3、n. 预言 = forecast earthquake / weather prediction 地震预报、天气预报 I once used tarot to make prediction. Its really true.我曾用塔罗来占卜，很准。3. predict 4. integralan integral part of sth.be integral to sth.台湾是中国不可缺少的一部分。Taiwan is an part of China. / Taiwan is to China. an integral design整体设计You should sign your nam

4、e here. It is an part of the contract. (Your signature is to the contract.)你的签名是合同必不可少的一部分。5. content withThe happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have.幸福会在我们学会对我们所拥有的感到满足时到来。6. impetus n. 促进，推动，动力 a major impetus 主要动力 Students need an to study. 学生学习需要动力。The for change comes from

5、 young people.促进转变的动力来自于年轻人。7. sophisticate v. sophisticated adj. 复杂的,精致的,久经世故的 sophisticated technology sophisticated equipment sophisticated method Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect. 蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。工艺精良尖端设备；高级设备复杂的方法8. initiateThe man initiates t

6、he race by firing a gun.这个人鸣枪发起比赛。 a discussion on economics发起讨论 initial adj. 最初的 initial condition 初始条件，原始条件A Principle: Butterfly Effectl The butterfly effect is the sensitive dependence on initial conditions（对初始条件的敏感依赖）; where a small change at one place in a nonlinear system （非线性系统）can result in

7、 large differences to a later state. 丢失一个钉子，坏了一只蹄铁； 坏了一只蹄铁，折了一匹战马； 折了一匹战马，伤了一位骑士； 伤了一位骑士，输了一场战斗； 输了一场战斗，亡了一个帝国。l 马蹄铁上的一个钉子是否会丢失，本是初始条件的十分微小的变化，但其“长期”效应却是一个帝国存与亡的根本差别。这就是军事和政治领域中的所谓“蝴蝶效应”。9. dynamic adj. a dynamic and energetic leader 有活力的领导（精力充沛的领导） The square dancers might be aged, but they are sti

8、ll dynamic. 广场舞大妈们也许上了年纪，但是她们很有活力。 dynamite n. 炸药 1. Glossary (new words)3. Questions4. Summary1. What is Change?Change is an alteration of an organizations environment, structure, technology, or people.组织中的变动。2. Forces for ChangeExternal forces for change 外部力量外部力量Internal forces for change 内部力量内部力量

9、A. External forces for change变革的外部力量变革的外部力量Competition竞争竞争Government laws and regulations政府法律程序政府法律程序Technology技术技术Economic changes经济变化经济变化u When management redefines or modifies its strategy, it often introduces a host of changes. 当管理重新制定或修订其战略,它经常会引起一系列的变化。 （战略的重新制定或修订）B. Internal forces for chang

10、es 变革的内部力量变革的内部力量u The introduction of new equipment represents another internal force for change. 新设备的引进代表另一个内力变化 。 （引进新设备）B. Internal forces for changes 变革的内部力量变革的内部力量u An organizations workforce is rarely static. Its composition changes in terms of age, education, gender, nationality and so forth

11、. 一个组织的员工很少是静态的。其构成随着年龄、教育、性别、国籍等变化 。（劳动力人口的变化）B. Internal forces for changes 变革的内部力量变革的内部力量3. Making changes in the organization4. Creativity and InnovationCreativity means the ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to make unusual associations between ideas.创造力创造力就是以独特的方式综合各种思想或在各种思想之间建立起独特联系

12、的能力。4. Creativity and InnovationInnovation is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation.创新创新是形成创造性思想并将其转化为有用的产品、服务或工作方法的过程。4. Creativity and InnovationThe innovative organization is characterized by the ability to channel its creative

13、 juices into useful outcomes. 创新组织的特点：有能力将创造力转化为有用的成果。 5. Simulating innovationThe organizations structure组织结构组织结构The organizations culture组织文化组织文化Human resource practices人力资源实践人力资源实践5.1 How do structural variables affect innovation?First, organic structures positively influence innovation because t

14、hey have less work specialization and fewer rules and are more decentralized than mechanistic structures. They facilitate the flexibility, adaptation, and cross-fertilization that make the adoption of innovations easier. 首先，有机结构有机结构对创新产生积极影响，因为他们有较少的工作专业化和更少的规则，并且比机械结构更分散。他们促进灵活性、适应性和互惠性，使创新的采用更容易。5

15、.1 How do structural variables affect innovation?Second, easy availability of plentiful resources is a key building block for innovation. 丰富资源的可用性资源的可用性是创新的重要组成部分。 An abundance of resources allows management to purchase innovations, bear the cost of instituting innovations, and absorb failures. 丰富的资

16、源使经营管理追求创新，承担实施创新的成本，并吸取失败教训。5.1 How do structural variables affect innovation?Finally, frequent interunit communication helps to break down possible barriers to innovation by facilitating interaction across departmental lines.最后，单位间的沟通单位间的沟通，促进跨部门的交互，有助于打破创新中可能出现的阻碍。 接受模棱两可Acceptance ofambiguity容忍不

17、切实际tolerance of the impractical 外部控制少low external controls 接受风险tolerance of risk 容忍冲突tolerance of conflict 注重结果focus on ends rather than on means 强调开放系统open systems focus 5.2 How does an organizations culture affect innovation?Characteristics of an innovative culture创新文化特点创新文化特点5.3 What human resour

18、ce variables affect innovation? 促进创新的人力资源因素促进创新的人力资源因素 promote the training and development of their members 促进员工培训与提升促进员工培训与提升 offer high job security 提供高的工作保障提供高的工作保障 encourage individuals to become champions of change 鼓励变革创新鼓励变革创新5.3 What human resource variables affect innovation? 促进创新的人力资源因素p champion characteristics:Extremely high self-confidence, persistenc