阅读理解简答题升级训练1

1、 源于名校，成就所托Overview教案撰稿人苏涛完稿时间2013-6-25审核人审核时间课程进度第 次课课程标题阅读理解简答题的升级训练1学生对象： (新)高一学情分析“简答题”是阅读理解中唯一主观性题型，也是考察学生对文章信息收集、分析、整理最全面、难度最高的题型。相比中考解题思路，高中则更偏重理解性总结、归纳能力的考察，文章阅读量和题目设置难度上都上升很多，需要引起学生的重视教学目标1. 通过初高中简答题的解题练习，有效体验难度的差异2. 同时，初步掌握高中此类题型解答的思路和方法教学重点1.高中阅读理解简单题的解题体验及技巧接触教学环节1.初中简答题热身练习2.高中简答题的初步接触与尝

2、试性练笔Warm-up单词记忆法五：五马分尸法(折分法)五马分尸法的优点： 适合把大单词分成小单词联合起来记忆 举例：legislate立法 拆分助记：leg腿，is是，late迟。为腿(1eg)立法总是(is)太迟(1ate)1together一起，共同 拆分助记：to为了，get得到，her她的心，必须经常和她在一起。2carpet地毯 - 拆分助记：car小汽车，pet宠物。车(car)上有宠物(pet)，要保持卫生是要铺地毯的。3hijack劫持，劫机，绑架 - 喜欢用hi打招呼的人要注意了，如果你在飞机上遇到名叫Jack的朋友， 千万不要喊：Hi，Jack!乘客会误以为你劫机，会把你

3、当成恐怖分子的。 jack of all trades什么都懂点，杂而不精的人4candidate候选人 拆分助记：can能，did是do的过去式，ate是吃的过去式。中国有句话叫做，廉颇老 矣,尚能饭否?别看我廉颇老矣，我不仅过去 (did)吃(ate)，现在也can 吃(ate)，这次出征大将军，我一定是候选人。 5heritage遗产财产 拆分助记：her她，it它,age年纪。不管是她(her)还是它(it)，只要上了年纪(age) 总有一些财产留让后辈继承(inherit)。 inherit v继承6kidnap绑架诱拐 拆分助记：kid小孩，nap打盹。小孩子(kid)贪玩贪吃，吃

4、了坏人下了药的食物就打 瞌睡(nap)被绑架。7vegetable 蔬菜植物人 拆分助记：ve维生素E，able可以，get获得。维E(ve)可以(able)从蔬菜(vegetable) 中获得(get)。8manage设法管理 拆分助记：man男人age年纪。男人(man)上了年纪(age)年纪，就想摆架子当老大 管人。男人上了年纪就想做管理。9. costume服装戏服 拆分助记：cost花费，U你，me我。服装(costume)可真是花费(cost)你(u)我 (me)的钱啊。10tenant n租房人，房客；V租拆分助记：ten l0，ant蚂蚁。10(ten)只蚂蚁(ant)做房客。

5、111egend传奇拆分助记：leg腿end终点。一条腿(1eg)跑到终点(end)还不够传奇吗?12innocent清白的，无罪的，天真的拆分助记：in里110没有，cent美分。已经到了口袋里(in)没有(no)一分钱(cent) 的地步还不够清白吗?13campus校园拆分助记：camp营地，US我们。学生军训营地(camp)设在我们(us)校园(campus)里。14forget忘记拆分助记：for为了，get得到。为了(for)得到(get)新的，必须忘记(forget)旧的。单词记忆法六：象形词串烧法1feed，breed，deed，indeed，need，reed，seed一相同

6、点：eed串烧助记：Feed(喂)breed(养)deed(行为)indeed(确实)need(需要)reed(芦苇)seed(种子)。2team，beam，seam一相同点：earn串烧助记：队(team)里的横梁(beam)有裂缝(seam)。3cheat，wheat，heat，eat一相同点：eat串烧助记：Cheat(骗子)的wheat(小麦)加heat(热)才能eat(吃)。4 brittle，battle，kettle，little，settle，cattle一相同点：ttle串烧助记：瓶子(bottle)易碎(brittle)因战斗(battle)，J!鸯(kettle)虽小(1

7、ittle)安顿(settle)牲口(cattle)。5best，pest，：test，west，lest，test，vest，rest一相同点：est串烧助记：最好(best)害虫(pest)筑巢(nest)西(west)，惟恐(1est)测试(test)马甲(vest)余(rest)。6simulate，stimulate，formulate，form，accumulate一相同点：mulate串烧助记：冒充(simulate)是模拟(simulate)加t成刺激(stimulate)，规划(formulate)是形式(form)，添加(ac)成累积(accumulate)。7 strea

8、m，steam，se劫m，cream，se'eaFfl一相同点：earn串烧助记：小河(stream)蒸汽(steam)缝隙(seam)飘，有屎(s谐音)奶油(cream)要尖叫(scream)。8farm，firm，from，foam，form一相同点：f，m串烧助记：农场(farm)坚硬(firm)公司(firm)，来自(from)泡沫(foam)形式 (form)。9cock，sock，mock，rock，dock一相同点：ck串烧助记：公鸡(cock)穿着短袜(sock)走，嘲笑(mock)岩石(rock)锁(1ock)码头(dock)。10nap，cap，tap，map，la

9、p，gap一相同点：ap串烧助记：打盹(nap)帽子(cap)轻轻叩(tap)，地图(map)大腿(1ap)生裂口(gap)。11bid，bud，bad，bed一相同点：b，d串烧助记：投标(bid)一张发芽(bud)的坏(bad)床(bed)。Presentation 1 初中阅读理解简答题回顾抓住提问中的关键字眼，仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。原文、问题相比较，重要性最高的是问题！其次是原文！失分总结：关键字在原文的位置找错； 是原文信息,但是不是题目要求的内容； 书写语法词法错误； 与原句的内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动。例题解说1

10、、How would you like to live in a land where the sun shines day and night? There are places in the polar regions where , for months, the sun never sets! This is known as the land of the Midnight Sun. This period of sunlight can last up to six months。 This happens because the Earth tilts(倾斜)。When the

11、North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it has constant（不断）daylight. At that same time, the South Pole is tilted away from the sun.It is in darkness.Why can we see the Midnight Sun? _2、Every year, thousands of students choose to study in another country for a term, the summer, or a year, Studying over

12、seas（在国外）can be an exciting experience for many people.Where can studying bring many people an exciting experience?_ 3、Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world. It has many tall and modern buildings. Among them, Centrepoint Tower is the tallest. Standing on the

13、 305-metre tower, you will have a great view of the city.How tall is Centrepoint Tower ? （将原文中的形容词305-metre改写） _ 4、Mr Green, an English teacher who is working in China will take an “11 days of China Grand Tour”. The price is $1270 a person. He can see different kinds of scenery during the trip. Hell

14、 visit two important cities of China-Beijing and Shanghai.How long will Mr Green spend on the trip ?（错点在于;照抄原文没加介词for）_5、In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper.In 1704,John Campbell started

15、the Boston Newsletter, the first newspaper published daily in America. By 1760,America had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1800 daily papers in the USA.How many more newspapers are there in America now than that in 1760 ?_6、Have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a com

16、pany of her own? Wendy Wong is the girl. She started the business two years ago. She has already written several successful computer games. They are so popular that over half a million games are sold every year.When did Wendy Wong start the business? (勿忘At the age of)_ 7、Now some diseases cant be cu

17、red, but they may be cured sometime in the future. So some people hope that their bodies can be frozen after they die. When a cure is found, warm up his or her body, bring it back to life and take the cure. Once the body is frozen, it is kept in liquid nitrogen(液态氮) at a temperature of 328 degrees b

18、elow zero. Now around a thousand people are going to take cryogenic treatment(处理), though most scientists say it wont work. If we freeze huge creatures(生物) like humans, every one of their cells(细胞) will be broken. Can they be brought back to life in the future? How do scientists usually keep a dead

19、mans body?_8、So I cant really answer the question about spectator sports. But the question about favourite participant sport is easy. The answer is surprising. It isnt football or tennis or any games with a ball. To give you a clue, it begins with “w”, its cheap , there s no special equipment and ev

20、erybody in Britain does it. The answer is walking. And the second favourite? Swimming.Whats Britains favourite participant sport?_ 9、This happened to one man. He was in hospital, but he was not getting well. Then he found a new “doctor” inside himself. This “doctor” was his own sense of humor. He sa

21、w funny films. He read funny books. And something wonderful happened. Laughing took away his pain. Then he was able to sleep and rest. His own happy feeling helped him to feel well again. He said laughing was his best “medicine”. His doctor thought so, too.Another man was ill, and he had a terrible

22、pain in his back. The doctors could not stop it from hurting. So the man began to “Picture” his pain. In his head he “drew” a picture of a dog. He imagined it as a real dog. And he made friends with the dog. And his pain went away!Who made the second patient well again? 10、During the summer holidays

23、 there will be a new schedule (时间表).Changes for meal and library service hours and for bus schedules will be shown on the wall outside the dining room. Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being made, will be shown each Wednesday outside the library.Buses to the town center will leave the No

24、rth Beijing every hour on the half during the day. The dining room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. during the weekdays and two meals from noon to 7:00p.m on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the weekdays, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sunda

25、ys. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p.m.Which schedule is not ready?_ 11、When in doubt (疑问)  look it up in the "Encyclopedia Britannica". From the 18th century to the early 20th century, articles in Britannica were long and hard to understand. It soon became the favourite ency

26、clopedia of scholars (学者). But later, more and more common people began to use "Britannica". So the articles became shorter and easier to read. "Encyclopedia Britannica" is not easy to understand now, is it?    Review PracticeAIn many western schools, sports day is a bi

27、g event. Children take part in competitive sports,trying to break school records and take the first place. Sports days, or sports meets, are usually heldin the warmer seasons, either at the beginning or the end of the school year. They are also calledfield.Primary school sports days are fun. They us

28、ually have activities such as the egg and spoon race and the sack race. Other events include .the skipping race (跳绳) and the three-legged race. In middle and high schools, sports days include many of the common track and field events. They are more serious and competitive than primary school ones.St

29、udents' parents and other relatives also *ome to the school on sports days. They watch children play. Many schools in the west have "mothers and fathers" race for parents to take part in!Although sports days are exciting, they also have some problems. According to some reports in the U

30、S, sports days have become too competitive to be good for students. Some parents put too much pressure on their children. Some schools don't have "mothers and fathers" races any more as there is much fighting and cheating. 1. What do children try to do when they take part in sports mee

31、ts?They try to break school records and take the first place._2. When are the sports days usually held in the school year?Sports days are usually held in the warmer seasons._3. What do people think of primary school sports days?People think primary school sports days are fun._4. Sports in primary sc

32、hools are not as serious and competitive as in middle and high schools, are they?No, they arent._5 Who would come to the school to watch children play on sports days?Students parents and other relatives._6. Why don't some schools have "mothers and fathers" races any more?Because there

33、is much fighting and cheating._7. What does the writer think about sports days?The writer thinks sports are exciting , but they also have problems._BNow and then we all get ill. Then we usually go to see a doctor. Doctors know a lot about what makes us ill. They may give us something to take. The me

34、dicine often makes us well again.But sometimes the doctor's medicine doesn't work. A sick person does not get well. The pain will not go away. This happened to one man. He was in hospital, but he was not getting well. Then he found a new "doctor" inside himself. This "doctor&q

35、uot; was his own sense of humor (幽默感). He saw funny films. He read funny books. And something wonderful happened. Laughing took away his pain. Then he was able to sleep and rest. His own happy feeling helped him to fell well again. He said laughing was his best "medicine". His doctor thoug

36、ht so, too.Another man was ill, and he had a terrible pain in his back. The doctors could not stop it from hurting. So the man began to "Picture" his pain. In his head he "drew" a picture of a dog. He imagined it as a real dog. And he made friends with the dog. And his pain went

37、away!These stories may surprise you. But more and more people are getting well in this way. So visit the "doctor" inside your own head and you can stay happy and well. 1. Does medicine always work? No, it doesnt.2. Who is the first sick man's new "doctor"?His own sense of hum

38、or.3. Who made the second patient well again, the doctor or the "dog" in his head? The “dog” in his head.4. Why does the writer ask us to visit the "doctor" inside our head? We can stay happy and well.5. What can you learn from this story? Sometimes a patient can help himself in

39、his own way./To stay happy is a good way for people to keep healthy.Presentation 2认识高中阅读理解简答题从2010年开始，上海英语高考阅读理解推出了一种新题型。真题再现Section DDirections：Read the passages carefully. Then answer the question or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Phys ed (physical education) is making a come

40、back as a part of the school core curriculum(核心课程)， but with a difference. While group sports are still part of the curriculum, the new way is to teach skills that are useful beyond gym class. Instead of learning how to climb a rope, children are taught to lift weights, balance their diets and build

41、 physical endurance. In this way，kids are given the tools and skills and experiences so they can lead a physically active life the rest of their life.Considering that 15 percent of American children 6 to 18 are overweight, supporters say more money and thought must be put into phys ed curriculum. In

42、 many cases, that may mean not just replacing the old gym-class model with fitness programs but also starting up phys ed programs because school boards often "put P.E. on the chopping block, cutting it entirely or decreasing its teachers or the days it is offered," says Alicia Moag-Stahlbe

43、rg, the executive director of Action for Health Kids. The difference in phys ed programs is partly due to the lack of a national standard. "Physical education needs to be part of the core curriculum," she added.The wisdom of the new approach has some scientific support. Researchers at the

44、University of Wisconsin have demonstrated how effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. They observed how 50 overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied cross-country than when they played sports. The researchers also found that teaching sports like football resulted

45、in less overall movement, partly because reluctant students were able to sit on the bench. Another problem with simply teaching group sports in gym class is that only a tiny percentage of students continue playing them after graduating from high school. The new method teaches sells that translate to

46、 adulthood.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. In the new P.E. program, children learn to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance rather than learning how to climb a rope.82. As for P.E., some school boards either cutting it en

47、tirely or decreasing its teachers or time.83. What are the two problems with simply teaching group sports?less overall movement and students' quitting playing after graduation.84. What is the long-term benefit of the new P.E program?It can give children a physically active life.分析题型：在阅读300字左右的一段

48、文字后，回答4个与之相关的问题，分值为8分。该题考核学生综合运用语言的能力，要求考生在读懂原文的基础上，用笔头表达出对原文中各种信息的理解，并且对字数有一定的限制要求。解题步骤：第一步，快速浏览文章(skimming)，把握文章的篇章结构及主旨大意。2010高考阅读简答题是一篇关于“美国体育教育”的新闻报道，通过快速浏览可知，首段为主题段，主要讲“Phys ED is making a comeback as a part of the school core curriculum, but with a difference。”接着三段围绕主题，讲到了现存问题的成因和体育教育革新的益处。 第

49、二步，仔细阅读四个问题 ，并带着问题到原文中寻找相关的信息(scanning)。81题中根据lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance等词可以清楚地知道答题信息在首段中间部分，而rather than 和文章中的instead of 表达的是同一个意思，因此learn how to climb a rope作为答案就显而易见了。同理，从82题中的school boards可知，答案在第二段的中间部分。83题中，two problems with teaching group sports 明确告诉考生存在两个pr

50、oblems，当最后一段的首句出现“Another problem with teaching group sports”时，敏锐的学生立刻意识到除了该句之外，上文还应该谈到另一个problem: “teaching sports like football result in less overall movement”。对84题而言，确定信息的位置具有一定的难度，因为问句中没有出现与文章高度相关的词汇。但从long-term benefit可推测出“益处”不仅在学校时，而且可以在毕业之后。由此，可知答案在尾段最后处。 第三步，就问题所对应的相关信息进行归纳总结，重组语言，并注意所规定的字数

51、要求。这是区别于阅读选择题的最大不同，是该题型的解题关键，也是学生最不善把握的地方。其实，只要有扎实的英语基本功和掌握一定的技巧，这些问题也能迎刃而解。 回答技巧首先，在组织语句时，要遵循保留主干(核心词)，去掉枝叶(修饰部分)的基本原则。例如82题，原文中的材料为“school boards often put P.E. on the chopping block, cutting it entirely or decreasing its teachers or the days it is offered。”如果照抄照搬显然是不行的。分析题目，发现either一词，可以想到eithero

52、r的联系，由此，可以去掉“put PE on the chopping block”部分，填入cut it entirely or decrease its teachers or the days it is offered。再去掉修饰用的定语从句it is offered, 正好满足了10个词的答题要求。 其次，尽量用词或短语来代替句子，用简单句来代替复合句，学会英语表达中的同义词代替和不同词性的转换。83题就是考察考生能否灵活运用的典型题目。通过对题目“what are the two problems with simply teaching group sports?”的分析，wha

53、t的提问可以用名词来回答，而two problems 可以采用A and B 的方式来回答。从句子teaching sports like football resulted in less overall movement不难找出A= less overall movement. 但对B的归纳则有相当的难度。“Only a tiny percentage of students continue playing them after graduating from high school” 是一个较长的句子，先考虑把它转化为动名词形式studentscontinuing playing sp

54、orts/studentsplaying sports. 因字数限制，还需考虑其他浓缩成分的方法，only a tiny percentage of 用近义词few代替；graduating from high school 用其名词形式graduation替代。至此，该句子可 以 用few studentsplaying sports after graduation/studentsstopping playing sports after graduation等结构表示B。A and B正好满足了字数的要求。84题的解答需要一定的技能，What is the long-term bene

55、fit of the new P.E program? 如果用复合句The long-term benefit of the new P.E. program is that 的形式显然达不到题目的要求。这时，只需要用that这个表语从句中所包含的简单句就可以了。而根据题意要求，长远的益处应该是所学的技能能够能延续至成年，因此答案可以为The skills learned can translate to adulthood. 最后，注意拼写和语法的准确。如81题中，rather than 后应该跟动词原形，而文章中的instead of 后接的是动名词，千万不可混淆；82题中要求写出的是句子的谓语，而文中该部分却是分词结构，不能不假思索，一抄了之。 例题精讲A(2011高考真题)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flo