数字图像处理课程设计

1、青 岛 科 技 大 学数字图像处理课程设计报告基于GUI的数字图像处理系统设计题 目 _张淑军*指导教师_*学生姓名_学生学号_*信息工程信息与科学技术_院（部）_专业_班_2014_年 _07_月 _10_日411.目的与要求1.进一步巩固数字图像处理中的基本原理与方法，提高分析问题、解决问题的能力。2.熟练掌握一门计算机语言，可以进行数字图像应用处理的开发设计。3.将实验1至实验8所设计的数字图像处理的算法和功能添加到同一个MFC程序中（可以是基于对话框的程序，或者基于单/多文档的程序），形成一个基于MFC的图像处理系统，可以增加一些课本上没有讲到的效果，如风格化等，开发的结果是类似PS的

2、一款软件。4.要求：用户可设置具体参数，可以通过该平台展现不同参数下的实验效果。2.主要技术和原理3.总体方案设计3.1 开发环境和工具PC window7 matlab7.03.2 功能模块图软件的总体设计界面布局如上图所示，两个窗口分别显示源图像和处理后的图像。为了使界面简单明了,通过Menu Editor创建如下菜单，通过上图菜单来控制显示或隐藏功能按键。注：3X3万能模板为新加内容。可实现各种模板滤波。以下截图未做更改。3.3设计步骤和过程等1. 根据课设题目的要求，分析要实现的功能。设计总体的界面。2. 图像的读取，保存和重新加载。3.图像直方图统计和直方图均衡，要求显示直方图统计，

3、比较直方图均衡后的效果。4.设计各种空域滤波器如：均值滤波，中值滤波，Sobel ，Prewitt等。5.能对图像加入各种噪声，并通过几种滤波算法实现去噪并显示结果。 6.频域的高斯低通滤波器和高通滤波器。7.实现图像翻转的功能。4.实验结果与分析4.1图像的读取和保存。 （1）图像的读取 function m_file_open_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_open (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future versi

4、on of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)filename,pathname=uigetfile(*.jpg;*.bmp;*.tif;*.*,choose the picture);if isequal(filename,0)|isequal(pathname,0) errordlg(error, again); return;else file=pathname,filename; global S global I S=file; I=imread(file); axes(handles.

5、axes1); imshow(I); handles.img=I; guidata(hObject,handles); End程序关键部分： 通过filename,pathname=uigetfile(*.jpg;*.bmp;*.tif;*.*,载入图像)选择相应路径打开的图像；通过file=pathname,filename; x=imread(file); 读取选中的图像；最后，通过imshow(x)在显示区域上显示图像。（2）图像保存 function m_file_save_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to

6、 m_file_save (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)sfilename ,sfilepath=uiputfile(*.jpg;*.bmp;*.tif;*.*,save the picture,untitled.jpg); if isequal(sfilename,sfilepath,0,0) sfilefullname=sfilepath ,sfile

7、name; imwrite(handles.img,sfilefullname); else msgbox(error,again); End 程序关键部分：通sfilename ,sfilepath=uiputfile(*.jpg;*.bmp;*.tif;*.*,saveThe picture,untitled.jpg)选择图像文件保存的路径与格式；然后，通过sfilefullname=sfilepath ,sfilename;imwrite(handles.img,sfilefullname); 实现对图像的保存。4.2 图像的点操作（1） 直方图增强对比度 function m_file

8、_zhifangtu_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_zhifangtu (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; g1=T(:,:,1);g2=T(:,:,2); g3=T(:,:,3); g1=histeq(g1); g1=histeq(g1)

9、; g1=histeq(g1); g(:,:,1)=g1; g(:,:,2)=g2; g(:,:,3)=g3; axes(handles.axes2); imshow(g); handles.img=g; guidata(hObject,handles); 程序关键部分： 把彩色图像的三个通道分别加以处理 g1=T(:,:,1)，g1=histeq(g1)，然后再把处理后的图像合并g(:,:,1)=g1。 J=histeq(I,n) 指定均衡化后的灰度级数 n ，缺省值为 64；（2）显示直方图 function m_file_xianshizhi_Callback(hObject, even

10、tdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_xianshizhi (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global I T=getimage; zf=rgb2gray(T); axes(handles.axes2); %axes imhist(zf) handles.img=I; guidata(hObject,handl

11、es);程序关键部分：首先把彩色图转化为会灰度图，然后用imhist()函数显示直方图。imhist(I,n) 其中，n 为指定的灰度级数目，缺省值为256；imhist(X,map) 就算和显示索引色图像 X 的直方图，map 为调色板。用stem(x,counts) 同样可以显示直方图。4.3 图像的模板操作（1） 均值滤波器 function m_file_junyunlubo_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_junyunlubo (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved

12、- to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; J=imfilter(T,(fspecial(average,3,3); axes(handles.axes2); imshow(J); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles);程序关键部分：此段程序主要调用这个两个函数：（1）B=imfilter(A,h)，将原始图像 A 按指定的滤波器 h 进行滤波增强处理，增强后的图

13、像 B 与 A 的尺寸和类型相同。（2）H=fspecial(average,n)， 均值滤波器。 （2）二维拉普拉斯运算滤波器function m_file_laplacian_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_laplacian (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

14、 T=getimage; J=imfilter(T,fspecial(laplacian); axes(handles.axes2); imshow(J); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles);程序关键部分：此段程序主要调用这个两个函数：（1）B=imfilter(A,h)，将原始图像 A 按指定的滤波器 h 进行滤波增强处理，增强后的图像 B 与 A 的尺寸和类型相同。（2）H=fspecial(laplacian,alpha) 近似二维拉普拉斯运算滤波器（3）Sobel 水平边缘增强滤波器function m_file_So_Callback(h

15、Object, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_So (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; J=imfilter(T,fspecial(sobel); axes(handles.axes2); imshow(J); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,h

16、andles);程序关键部分：此段程序主要调用这个两个函数：（1）B=imfilter(A,h)，将原始图像 A 按指定的滤波器 h 进行滤波增强处理，增强后的图像 B 与 A 的尺寸和类型相同。（2）H=fspecial(sobel) Sobel 水平边缘增强滤波器（4）Prewitt 水平边缘增强滤波器 function m_file_Pre_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_Pre (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a futur

17、e version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; J=imfilter(T,fspecial(prewitt); axes(handles.axes2);imshow(J); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles);程序关键部分：此段程序主要调用这个两个函数：（1）B=imfilter(A,h)，将原始图像 A 按指定的滤波器 h 进行滤波增强处理，增强后的图像 B 与 A 的尺寸和类型相同。（2）H=fspecial(p

18、rewitt)Prewitt 水平边缘增强滤波器（5）中值滤波器 function m_file_zhongzhi_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_zhongzhi (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; g1=medfilt2(T(:,:,1)

19、; g2=medfilt2(T(:,:,2); g3=medfilt2(T(:,:,3); g(:,:,1)=g1; g(:,:,2)=g2; g(:,:,3)=g3; axes(handles.axes2); imshow(g); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles); 程序关键部分： 把彩色图像的三个通道分别加以处理 g1=medfilt2(T(:,:,1)，然后再把处理后的图像合并g(:,:,1)=g1。medfilt2（）中值滤波器4.4添加噪声（1） 椒盐噪声 function m_file_jiaoyan_Callback(hObject,

20、 eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_jiaoyan (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global TT=getimage;prompt=椒盐噪声参数:; defans=0; p=inputdlg(prompt,input,1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); J=imnoise(T,s

21、alt & pepper,p1); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(J); handles.img=J; guidata(hObject,handles);（2）均匀噪声 function m_file_junyun_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_junyun (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles

22、 and user data (see GUIDATA) global T T=getimage; prompt=均匀噪声1:; defans=0.02; p=inputdlg(prompt,input,1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); J=imnoise(T,speckle,p1); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(J); handles.img=J; guidata(hObject,handles);（3）高斯噪声 function m_file_gaosi_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObje

23、ct handle to m_file_gaosi (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global T T=getimage; prompt=输入高斯噪声1:,输入高斯噪声2; defans=0,0.02; p=inputdlg(prompt,input,1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); p2=str2num(p2); J=imnoise

24、(T,gaussian,p1,p2); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(J); handles.img=J; guidata(hObject,handles); 程序关键部分：加入噪声。通过imnoise(I,type,parameters)来加入各种噪声。imnoise(I,type) 返回对图像 I 添加典型噪声后的有噪图像 J ，参数 type 和 parameter 用于确定噪声的类型和相应的参数。4.5图像的频域操作（1） 巴特沃斯低通滤波器 function m_file_ditong_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles

25、)% hObject handle to m_file_ditong (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) T=getimage; prompt=低通滤波器截止频率:; defans=0.2; p=inputdlg(prompt,input,1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); m n=size(T); for i=1:3 A=T(:,:,i);

26、 for j=1:m B=A(j,:); C=double(B); M,N=butter(8,0.1); D=filter(M,N,C); A(j,:)=D; end T(:,:,i)=A; end axes(handles.axes2); imshow(T); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles);（2） 巴特沃斯高通滤波器 function m_file_gaotong_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_gaotong (see GCBO)% eventd

27、ata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)T=getimage;prompt=高通滤波器截止频率:;defans=0.05;p=inputdlg(prompt,input,1,defans);p1=str2num(p1);m n=size(T);for i=1:3A=T(:,:,i); for j=1:mB=A(j,:);C=double(B);M,N=butter(8,0.1,high);D=filt

28、er(M,N,C);A(j,:)=D;endT(:,:,i)=A;end axes(handles.axes2); imshow(T); handles.img=T; guidata(hObject,handles); 程序关键部分：把彩色图像的三个通道分别处理在合并。利用系统提供的巴特沃斯滤波器M,N=butter(n,wn,high/low),n为滤波器的阶数，wn为截止频率，high/low：高通/低通。D=filter(M,N,C)滤波。对于 D=filter(M,N,C) 使用矩阵MN 中的二维 FIR 滤波器对数据C 进行滤波。4.6 图像变形 （1） 水平翻转 function

29、m_file_zuoyou_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_zuoyou (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global T T=getimage; g1=T(:,:,1); g2=T(:,:,2); g3=(T(:,:,3); g1=fliplr(g1); g2

30、=fliplr(g2); g3=fliplr(g3); g(:,:,1)=g1; g(:,:,2)=g2; g(:,:,3)=g3; axes(handles.axes2); imshow(g) ; （2）上下翻转 function m_file_shangxia_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_shangxia (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB %handles structu

31、re with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global TT=getimage; g1=T(:,:,1);g2=T(:,:,2);g3=T(:,:,3);g1=flipud(g1);g2=flipud(g2);g3=flipud(g3);g(:,:,1)=g1;g(:,:,2)=g2;g(:,:,3)=g3;axes(handles.axes2);imshow(g) ; 程序关键部分：上下翻转与水平翻转类似，上下翻转函数flipud()，水平翻转函数 fliplr()把彩色图像的三个通道分别处理在合并。（3）任意角度旋转 function m_fil

32、e_fanzhuan_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_fanzhuan (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Taxes(handles.axes2);T=getimage;prompt=xuanzhauanjiaodu:;defans=0;p=input

33、dlg(prompt,input,1,defans);p1=str2num(p1);f=imrotate(T,p1,bilinear,crop);imshow(f);handles.img=f;guidata(hObject,handles); 程序关键部分：f=imrotate(T,p1,bilinear,crop)实现任意角翻转。p1输入的旋转角度，bilinear： 双线性插值（Bilinear interpolation），crop： 通过对旋转后的图像进行裁剪， 保持旋转后输出图像B的尺寸和输入图像A的尺寸一样。 4.7 图像灰度化 function m_file_huidutu_C

34、allback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to m_file_huidutu (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global IJ=rgb2gray(I);axes(handles.axes2); imshow(J); handles.img=J;guidata(hObject,handles);

35、 程序关键部分：J=rgb2gray(I)将彩色图I转化为灰度图J。5.总结与体会通过为期一周的数字图像课程设计实践，使我对图像的处理有了进一步的了解和认识。 当我第一次拿到此次的课题时，感到有些无所适从。虽然，曾经学习过数字图像处理的课程，但由于对图像处理的学习更多的只是停留在理论上的学习，在课时内的试验也只是简单的基础性试验， 所以图像处理的综合运用不是很熟练。虽然对课题感到很懵懂，但在我翻阅有关书籍和上网学习后，我开始找到了解决问题的路径。我选择用matlab的GUI程序设计一个简单实用的图像处理程序。重点是句柄的使用、GUI的使用以及matlab中相关图像处理函数使用。 为此，在实践正

36、式开始前，我利用课余时间，专门借阅了利用matlab进行图像处理的相关教程，通过索引网络上的相关资料，为课设做了较为充分的准备。在参考了相关材料及源程序，我对自己要做的课设内容有了进一步的了解，并对数字图像处理的使用有了更深的体会。当然，在课设的进行过程中，我还是遇到了不少问题。例如，起初由于我对句柄使用以及一些函数使用的不恰当，使得在对图像文件的保存上就遇到了问题，不过最后我通过反复调试把问题解决了。 但是，总体来说，此次的课程设计，还是较为满意的。它不但使我去巩固课上所学的基础理论知识，还提高了我对matlab的实际操作运用，使得理论与实践相结合，为进一步学习数字图像处理打下坚实的基础；同

37、时，在实践的工程中，也让我体会到一种努力付出并得到回报的满足感觉。 参考文献1 唐向宏、岳恒立、郑雪峰等，MATLAB及在电子信息课程中的应用，2009，电子工业出版社2 章毓晋，图像处理和分析教程，2009，人民邮电出版社function varargout = tuxiang(varargin)% TUXIANG M-file for tuxiang.fig% TUXIANG, by itself, creates a new TUXIANG or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = TUXIANG returns the handle to a n

38、ew TUXIANG or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% TUXIANG(CALLBACK,hObject,eventData,handles,.) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in TUXIANG.M with the given input arguments.% TUXIANG(Property,Value,.) creates a new TUXIANG or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, prop

39、erty value pairs are% applied to the GUI before tuxiang_OpeningFunction gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to tuxiang_OpeningFcn via varargin.% *See GUI Options on GUIDEs Tools menu. Choose GUI allows only one% instanc

40、e to run (singleton).% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Copyright 2002-2003 The MathWorks, Inc.% Edit the above text to modify the response to help tuxiang% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 14-Jul-2014 10:39:26% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct(gui_Name, mf

41、ilename, . gui_Singleton, gui_Singleton, . gui_OpeningFcn, tuxiang_OpeningFcn, . gui_OutputFcn, tuxiang_OutputFcn, . gui_LayoutFcn, , . gui_Callback, );if nargin & ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);endif nargout varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else

42、 gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% - Executes just before tuxiang is made visible.function tuxiang_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be def

43、ined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to tuxiang (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for tuxianghandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes tuxiang

44、 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% - Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = tuxiang_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata r

45、eserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output;% - Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObje

46、ct handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,String) returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,String) returns contents of edit1 as a double% - Executes

47、during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls

48、 usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc set(hObject,BackgroundColor,white);else set(hObject,BackgroundColor,get(0,defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor);endfunction edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to

49、be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,String) returns contents of edit2 as text% str2double(get(hObject,String) returns contents of edit2 as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.fu

50、nction edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc set(hObject,BackgroundColor,white);else set(hObject,Backgro