精品简单句翻译练习

1、. z.-英语语法简单句专项练习题句子成分都由单词或短语担任，且只有一个主谓构造的句子叫做简单句。初中阶段我们需要重 点掌握简单句的六种根本句型及其主要用法。一、 S + V 主语不及物动词这种句型简称为主谓构造。不及物动词是指那些本身意义已完整，后面不需要接宾语的动词， 如 e, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall 等。如：Did you go by sea？你们走的是海路吗？No, we flew. 不，我们是坐飞机去的。有时，不及物动词后面会跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如：Why dont you e at once when I call you 我叫

2、你时，你为什么不马上来？【练习导航】 . 根据汉语完成以下英语句子，每空一词。1. 他在听。 He _ _.2. 昨晚你睡得好吗？Did you _ _ last night3. 这场雨持续了两个小时。 The rain _ _ two hours.4. 事物总是变化的。 Things always _.5. 他来中国的梦想实现了。His dream to China _ _ _.二、 S + V + P 主语系动词表语系动词通常与表语一起构成系表构造，用来说明主语的性质、特点或状态等。表语通常由名词、 形容词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。常见的系动词有be, loo

3、k, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, bee, stay, seem 等。如：All her friends are now outside the door. 她的所有朋友现在都在门外。The milk turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。【练习导航】翻译下面的汉语句子。1. 他感到有点累。2. 这听起来是个好主意。3. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。4. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。5. 问题是你想干什么。6. 他总是乐于助人。7. 这盘菜闻起来不错。8. 那个女孩是我的妹妹。三、 S + V + O 主语及物动词宾语及物动词后面必须接宾语才能

4、表达一个完整的意思。宾语是动作的承受者，一般由名词、代词、 动词不定式、动名词等充当。如：Hes having lunch. 他正在吃午餐。I prefer standing. 我宁愿站着。He promised to lend me some books. 他容许借给我几本书。【练习导航】 . 找出以下句子的宾语。1. He handed in his homework this morning. _2. Help yourself to some soup, Jim. _3. He forgot which way to go. _4. Would you mind waiting for

5、 a few minutes _5. Ill do what I can. _ . 根据汉语完成以下英语句子，每空一词。6. 你认识这些人吗？Do you _ _ _. z.-7. 今天早上他完成了报告。He _ _ _ this morning.8. 现在我来自我介绍一下。 Now Ill _ _.9. 他已经决定搬到去了。He has decided _ _ _ Beijing.10. 我不记得事故是什么时候发生的。I dont remember _ the accident _.四、 S + V + IO + DO 主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语有些及物动词，如 hand, give, t

6、hrow, lend, sing, read, write, buy, leave, make, pass, tell, get 等可以带双 宾语，一个宾语指人，称为间接宾语；另一个指物，称为直接宾语。及物动词带双宾语通常有 以下两种构造：1. 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语2. 及物动词+直接宾语+to / for+间接宾语 【练习导航】 . 找出以下句子中的直接宾语。1. She gave me her telephone number. _2. Bring me some water, please. _3. Ill make you some fresh tea. _4. He sang

7、 us a folk song. _5. She showed me her paintings. _ . 将以下句子改为同义句。6. Tom gave me a nice pen. Tom _ a nice pen _ me.7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt. My mother _ a pink skirt _ my little sister.8. She cooked us a delicious meal. She _ a delicious meal _ us. 【温馨提示】*些动词引导的间接宾语可改为 to 引导的

8、短语，这类动词有 give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email 等。如：Can you lend us your car 你能把车借给我们吗？Can you lend your car to us*些动词引导的间接宾语可改为 for 引导的短语，这类动词有 buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay 等。如：My uncle bought me a watch. 我叔叔给我买了一块表。My uncle bought a watc

9、h for me.五、 S + V + O + OC 主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语有些及物动词加上宾语后，它的意思表达还是不完整，这就需要再加上一个补足语来使句子的 意思完整。宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ing 形式等充当。 如：Please dont call me Lucy. 请不要叫我露西。I found the bo* empty. 我发现箱子是空的。The teacher told us to do some e*ercises. 教师要我们做一些练习题。【练习导航】 . 找出以下句子中的宾语补足语。1. They call their daughte

10、r Mary. _2. Dont leave me behind. _3. I wish you to be happy. _4. I saw her chatting with Nancy. _5. Good food keeps you healthy. _ . 翻译下面的汉语句子。6. 他们请我和他们一道去。7. 我刚刚看见她在跟简谈话。8. 你注意到他进来了吗？六、 there be 句型there be 句型主要用来表示“*地有*物或*人。如果 be 动词后面有两个或两个以上的主语， be 动词的选用需要遵循“就近原则。如：There is a dictionary, three b

11、ooks and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一本字典，三本书和一支钢笔。【练习导航】. z.- . 根据汉语完成以下英语句子，每空一词。 1. 一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。 _ _ a boy _ with a dog in the yard.2. 以前在街道拐角处有一家商店。_ _ _ _ a shop on the corner of the street.8. 可能会有一个更好的方法来做这件事。_ _ _ a better way to do this.9. 没有空气就没有声音. _ _ _ sound without air.10. 没有时间再等你了。_ _ n

12、o time _ _ _ you.Key：一、 . 1. is listening 2. sleep well 3. lasted for4. change 5. has e true . 6-10 ABBCD二、 1. He feels a little tired. 2. It sounds a good idea.3. Is Helen in 4. My puter is in the study.5. His dream is to bee a doctor. 6. My favorite sport is swimming.7. The question is what you wa

13、nt to do.8. He is always ready to help others.9. The dish smells good. 10. The girl is my sister.三、 . 1. his homework 2. yourself 3. which way to go4. waiting 5. what I can . 6. know these people 7. finished his report8. introduce myself 9. to move to10. when; happened四、 . 1. her telephone number 2.

14、 some water3. some fresh tea 4. a folk song 5. her paintings . 6. gave; to 7. bought; for 8. cooked; for9. showed; to 10. made; for五、 . 1. Mary 2. behind 3. to be happy4. chatting with Nancy 5. healthy . 6. They asked me to go with them.7. I saw her talking with Jane just now.8. Do you think the mov

15、ie wonderful9. What do you advise me to do10. Did you notice him e in六、 . 1-5 ADCBC . 6. There is; playing 7. There used to be8. There might be 9. There is no 10. There is; to wait for高中英语语法定语从句总复习资兴三中 俊才定义： 用来说明主句中*一名词或代词有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一局部而起定语作用 的句子叫作定语从句。一、关系带词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词用于限制从句或

16、非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句代替人或物whichwhichWhose (=of which)WhomWhose (=of whom)主语主语宾语thatthat句子成分代替人代替物Who例1： This is the detective who came from London.例2： The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.2关系代词的用法. z.-(1) 如果先行词是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词， 关系代

17、词一般只用 that，不用 which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.所有人都迸出眼泪。 (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very 等词修饰， 关系代 词常用 that,不用which, who，或 whom。(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词 that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of w

18、hom、are well educated.(4) which 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概 念或局部概念。在这种从句中， which 可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与 and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the petition, which made his parents very happy.(5) that 可指人或物，在从句中作表语，指人作主语时多用 who仅用于限制性定语从句中。(6) which 可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事*种职业或是有*种特征品性 或才能

19、的人。 Which 引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用 which;假设是指集体中的各个成员， 则用 who。(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用 that。(9) 如果先行词是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或 whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you 在这的所有人中谁和你 一起去？3“介词关系代词“是一个普遍使用的构

20、造(1) “介词关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词关 系代词“构造中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用 whom 或 which,不可用 that。(2) from where 为“介词关系副词“构造，但也可以引导定语从句。例如： We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.(3) 像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to

21、, take care of 等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般 不宜将介词与动词分开。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 这是她曾今照顾的孩 子。二、关系副词引导的定语从句1 关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间地点或原因。关系副词 when 在从句中充当时间状语，where 充 当地点状语， why 充当原因状语。2. that 可引导定语从句表示时间地点或原因That 有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者 why 引导定语从句表示时间地点或原因，在 that 引导的这种定语从句中， that 也可以

22、省去。三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1 二者差异比拟限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代 词关系副词或 that 来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修 饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用 that 引导。2 关系代词和关系副词的选择依据(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语宾语或 表语的可选用关系代词。3. 先行词与定语从句隔离定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行 词与定语从句的隔离。例如：This is the article

23、 written by him that Is poke to you about.四、 As 在定语从句中的用法1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1 as 多与 such 或 the same 连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。2 as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于 which。例如： The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.( 3the same that 与 the same as 在意思上是不同的。2As 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置. z.-as 引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位

24、于主句前面中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句 隔开，但 which 所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如： As is e*pected, the England team won the football match.五、英语定语从句专项练习 单项填空1I think youre got to the point_ a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. when B. that C. where D. which2The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship wi

25、th television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. that B. by which C. which D. in which4There w

26、ere dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where B. which C. when D. that5_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As6_ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What7There are m

27、any people_ only on-line activity is sending and receiving s. A.who B.that C.which D.whose8EBay,Amazon and Wal Mart are popular websites_people can sell goods to each other. A.where B.which C.when D.whose9 On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believ

28、es that he can go to the wild.A.which B.from what C.through which D.that10I hope_the little _I have been able to do has been of some use. A.that;that B./;by which C.what;what D./;with which11The farmers use wood to build a house_to store grains all the year around. A.with which B.to which C.which D.

29、in which12This was a film_ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. A.which B.when C.in which D.there13The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad. A.that B.what C.those D.which14A container weighs more after air is put in_proves that air has weight.A

30、.as B.it C.that D.which15Can you tell me where Peter livesOver there.The two storey house, _there is a garden.A.near it B.from which C.in front of it D.in front of which16Miss Green took up the story at the point_the thief had just made off with the jewels. A.where B.which C.as D.when17Why does she

31、always ask you for help There is no one else_ ,is thereA.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom toturn D.for her to turn18The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from _effects the people are still suffering.A.that B.whose C.those D.what19 Nowadays teenagers like to go t

32、o fast food restaurants, _ as the name suggests,eating doesnt take much time.A.who B.where C.which D.what. z.-20Later I want to return home but couldnt find a pany _I could use_I had learnt.A.where;that B.where;what C.when;what D.that;that21 Government reports,legal papers and most business letters

33、are the main situations _ English is used.A.when B.that C.how D.where22We hope the measures to control house prices，_ are taken by the government，will succeed.A.as B.when C.since D.after23The boy the teachers considered _ failed in the final e*am, surprised them very much. A.to be the best；which B.a

34、s the best student；thatC.to have been studying well；it D.such as a good student；which24The president,together with his bodyguards, _ to the nuclear station _ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.A.have e；which B.came；in whichC.has e；where D.e；in which25Is there a gas station around_ I can get some p

35、etrolA.which B.whatC.where D.that26There was_ time_ I hated to go to school. A.a；that B.a；whenC.the；that D.the；when27It was in the very house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood. A.that；that B.that；whereC.which；that D.which；where28These wild flowers are so special I would do _I_ them.A.

36、what；can saveC.what；can to saveB.all what；can to saveD.everything；can save29I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with farmers,_has a great effect on my life.A.that；whichB.when；whichC.which；thatD.when；who30.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, _ days are limited,is full of

37、difficulties.A. that B. which C. it D. whose高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案1答案： C 解析： where 在此处引导定语从句。2答案： B 解析：此题考察定语从句。 that 引导的定语从句又在从句中作 spend 的宾语。3答案： D 解析： 由四个选项知该空格应填入定语从句的引导词， 此句意义为： people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行词 scene 应该与介词in 搭配。4答案： A 解析：关系副词 where 引导定语从句，修饰 trousers ，并在定语从句中作地点状语

38、。 全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。5答案： D解析：从句意看，此题考察定语从句的用法， 故首先排除 C 项。 由于 when 在定语从句中只能作 时间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除B 项； as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时， which 引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而 as 引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主 句之后，其中 as 表示“正如那样。 as is often the case 为固定词组，意为“这是常用的事；正如常见的情形。全句意思为“正如平常一样，我们已经制订出了工作方案。最正确答案 D。6答案： B 解析：由题干的构造及容看，逗号之前，

39、应为非限制性定语从句，应选B 项。全句 意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间的谈判取得了进展。假设选A 项，此句应为： It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two.假设选 D 项， 此句应为： What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two.7答案： D 解析： whose 谁的，“有许多人，他们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子。. z.-8答案： A 解析：考察定语从句。 where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。9答案： C 解析：考察

40、定语从句。 through 为介词提前，构成 go to the wild through.。10答案： A 解析：句子成分分析。第一个 that 引导宾语从句，第二个 that 引导定语从句，修饰 the little。11答案： D 解析： 考察定语从句和省略。 句中省略了 they want;in which 引导定语从句在从句 中作地点状语。12答案： C 解析：“在这部电影中斯皮尔伯格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用in which 引 导定语从句。13答案： A解析：考察定语从句。 all 为先行词，关系代词用 that。14答案： D 解析：考察非限制性定语从句； which 引导

41、非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话 的意义。15答案： D 解析：考察非限制性定语从句。in front of which“ 在 的前面。16答案： A 解析：考察定语从句。 where 引导定语从句修饰先行词 at the point。17答案： B 解析： 考察定语从句及省略。 完整形式为： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb. 求助于*人。18答案： B 解析： 题意是“前年， 东南亚局部地区遭遇了洪水灾害， 至今人们还在受此影响。 由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半局部是一个非限制性定语从句， 先行词是 floo

42、ds。从句子的 构造可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词要用 whose。19答案： B 解析：此题考察定语从句； where 引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。20答案： B 解析： where 引导定语从句,what 引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的知识。21答案： D 解析： where 引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于 in which。22答案： A 解析： as 引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如，并在定语从句中作主语。23答案： A 解析：后半句为非限制性定语从句， which 指代前一分句的容consider sb to be

43、。24答案： C 解析： 含有 together with 的介词短语只对主语起补充说明作用， 对谓语动词不产生 任何影响。 where 引导定语从句， where 在从句中作状语。25答案： C 解析：此题考察定语从句。关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语。本句中around 作 定语修饰 a gas station。26答案： B 解析：此题考察冠词和定语从句的用法。 time 作“次数解时，后接关系代词that 引导的定语从句，即： This/It is the first/second.time that+从句； time 作“一段时光时期解时， 其前用不定冠词，其后接关系副词when 引导

44、的定语从句，构成： There was/is a time when.。 应选 B 。全句意思为：有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。27答案： A 解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的是状语 in the very house。house 后是定语从句， 从句缺少主语，用 that 或 which 引导；由于 house 前有 the very 修饰，故只能用that 引导。28答案： C 解析：在 sb.do what one can to do 构造中what one can 是宾语从句， what 后不可再 使用关系代词； 在 sb.do everything/all(that)one can t

45、o do 中， that one can 是定语从句， 该从句中只 能使用关系代词 that，everything/all that 等于 what；在以上构造中 can 后省略了动词 do，动词不 定式作目的状语。应选 C。29答案： B 解析：第一个定语从句缺时间状语，因此第一空应该使用关系副词when；第二个 定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因此用 which 引导非限制性定语从句。30答案： D 解析：考察定语从句。 whose 引导非限制性定语从句， whose 指代 our life journey， 在从句中作定语修饰 days。定语从句：1.Dont talk abou

46、t such things of _ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other dayA. thatB. whereC. in which-D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last FridayA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years agoA. that

47、B. whereC. whichD. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other conte*ts.A. how yo

48、u have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare

49、, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what. z.-12. He failed in the e*amination, _ made his father very angry.D. who are againstA. which17. Didnt you see the man _B. itC. thatA. I nodded just nowD. whatB. whom

50、I nodded just now13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.C. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just nowA. whichB. whom18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other dayC. whoD. thatA. that you talkedB. you talked about it14. The girl _ an English

51、song in the ne*t room is Toms sister.C. which you talked withA. who is singingD. you talked aboutB. is singingC. sang19. Is there anything _ to youD. was singingA. that is belonged15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.B. that belongsC. that belongA. learnD. which bel

52、ongsB. whoC. that learns20. - “How do you like the bookD. who learn- “Its quite different from _ I read last month.16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. thatB. whichA. that againstsC. the oneB. that againstD. the one whatC. who is against. z. z.-21. Mr. Zhang gave the te*tbook to all the pupils

53、 e*cept _ who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others22. The train _ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which24. Antarctic _ we know very little is cove

54、red with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which25. Its the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that youve arrivedD. when youve arrived26. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. in

55、 which27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seasi

56、de.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag cars are produced-D. for thatA. in whichB. where35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.C. whichD. thatA. thatB. as31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa.C. whoD. whatA. which, toB. where, from36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.C. that, fromD. that, withA. two o