《食品专业英语》词汇大全

1、 词汇第一课(一)基本ThecharacteristicsabouttheFoodEnglishSci-TechnologicalThesis英语食品科技论文的特点Academicthesis学术论文Experiment:Researchreport,实验型Observation,survey:Investigationreport观测型Theory:Mathematicalthesis,理论型Dissertation学位论文Bachelorsdissertation学士论文Mastersdissertation硕士论文Doctorsdissertation博士论文Acknowledgemen

2、ts,ReferencesandAppendix感谢、参考文献和附录Introduction引言、前言或介绍MaterialsandMethods材料与方法ResultsandDiscussion结果与讨论Conclusions结论goal目的review研究背景yourwork要解决的问题experimentalmethods实验方法typeofexperimentaldesign试验设计numberofreplications重复次数statisticalanalysis统计分析equipment仪器(二)缩略词1述语、组织、团体名称：LC=lethalconcentration致死浓度E

3、AA=Essentialaminoacids必需氨基酸DH=degreeofhydrolysis水解度DNA=deozyrebonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸USDA=USDepartmentofAgriculture美国农业部IFT=InstituteofFoodTechnologists食品科技协会CEO=chiefexecutiveofficer总经理2数字+度量衡单位词15ft(footfeet)50rpm(revolutionsperminute)cal(calorie)卡C(centigrade)摄氏温度etc=etcetera=andothers(等物)etal.=etali

4、i=andothers(等人)i.e.=idest=thatise.g.=exampligratia=forexampleplus加号；正号minus减号；负号plusorminus正负号xismultipliedby乘号isdividedby除号isequalto等于号percent百分之CdegreeCelsius/centigrade摄氏度 第二课(1)Terminology科技术语的翻译Compoundword合成词endpoint终点standardsolution标准溶液titrationerror滴定误差buffersolution缓冲溶液Polysemy多义词Concentra

5、tion集中，集合，专心f浓缩，浓度Derivative派生词：加词缀构成新术语alkaline碱性的alkalinity碱度Spectrophotometer分光光度计Condenser冷凝器Subordination分清主从法Diction选词用字法Amplification&Omission增字法与省略法Conversion转换法Inversion词序调整法Division长句拆译法Subordination分清主从法Thefoodtechnologistcanusuallyrecognizefatswhenheseesthembecausetheyarequitedifferentbo

6、thintheirphysicalpropertiesandintheirchemicalcompositionfromtheothertwomainfoodconstituents:carbohdrateandprotein.当食品科学工作者看到脂肪时，通常可以确认它们，因为不论在物理性质和化学组成上，脂肪都与另外两种主要食品组成成分(碳水化合物和蛋白质)不同。 第三课WHOStrategyonFoodSafetyBiotechnologyanditsimplicationstofoods世界卫生组织的食品安全策略生物技术及其对食品的含义herb:草，草本植物，药草herbiciden.除草

7、剂herbage:n.牧草，草本植物herbal:a.草的草本的Chineseherbalmedicine中草药herbalist:中医师allergenn.变态反应素，能引起过敏症的物质，过敏原allergy:n.过敏haveallergy:过敏antibioticn.抗生素adj.抗菌的，抗生素的biotica.有关生命的agro-:田野，土壤agronomicadj.农学的，农艺的agrobiologyn.土壤生物学agrologyn.土壤学agri-农业的agriculturen.农业agrimotorn.农用拖拉机carotenen.胡萝卜素carrotn.胡萝卜fermentati

8、onn.发酵fermentv.发酵fermentationfood发酵食品bioreactorn.生物反应器bio-生物bioactivepeptide活性肽biochemisttest生化试验safetyassessment安全评估GMOgeneticallymodifiedorganism转基因生物CACCodexAlimentariusCommission食品法典委员会FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganization(联合国)粮农组织FDA(foodanddrugadministration):(美国)食品药品管理局CFR(codeoffederalregulation

9、):(美国)联邦法规AOAC(AssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemists)美国分析化学家协会participatein参与,参加,分享safetyassessment安全评估incorporateinto合并,编入baseon基于ontheprincipleof根据的原则adequatefor适合,足够besubjectto使遭受oaccount考虑contributeto促成inconjunctionwith与.协力recombinantDNAtechniques重组DNA技术DNA=deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸he

10、rbicide-tolerant耐药性除草剂insect-resistantcrops抗虫农作物sofar到目前为止reporton有关.的报道adverseeffectson对.有不良影响 第四课resultingfrom由于thereof及其enzymeseparationandapplicationthereoffactorsthereof及其因素分析FoodChoiceandDieting节食BehaviorsofAdolescentGirlStudentsandInfluencingFactorsThereof青春期女生食物选择和节食行为及其影响因素分析GMinsect-resist

11、antpotatoesexpressingalectin表达外源凝集素的转基因抗虫Theso-calledGoldenRice,biosynthesizingB-carotene,theprecursorofvitaminA,isoneexampleforthedevelopmentstobeexpectedinthefuture.所谓的“金稻”即可以生物合成VA前体B胡萝卜素的水稻，便是人们期待的一种未来的转基因作物。 第五课poly-多的polysaccharide多糖polyacid多元酸polyatomic多原子的；多酸的-ose糖sucrose蔗糖fructose果糖maltose麦

12、芽糖glucose葡萄糖lactose乳糖galactose半乳糖glyco-甜，糖原glycineGly甘氨酸glycogen肝糖原动物淀粉glycolysis糖酵解-ase酶invertase转化酶permease透性酶amylase淀粉酶enzyme酶oxid-oxideoxidaseoxidantoxidative氧化物的氧化物氧化酶氧化剂氧化作用pyruv-丙酮的pyruvate丙酮酸盐或酯pyruvateoxidase丙酮酸氧化酶pyruvicacid丙酮酸pyruvicalcohol丙酮醇pyruvicaldehyde丙酮醛Biochemicalwordsacid酸性的basic

13、碱性的ethanol醇，乙醇（alcohol）aldehyde醛ketone酮cereal谷类crop农作物cane甘庶，beet甜菜spiritn.酒精（溶液），烈酒，蒸馏酒。spiritsn.酒精饮料烈性酒neutrala.酸碱中和的，酸碱平衡的，中性的neutralspirits（酒精）Ethylalcoholdistilledatorabove190proof,oftenusedinblendedalcoholicbeverages.fortifieda.加强的fortifiedwines加白兰地的葡萄酒fortifiedbread强化面包fortifiedfood强化食品alcoho

14、lcontent酒度酒精含量alcoholstrength酒精浓度byadditionof增加strainn.品系菌株CO2carbondioxideHOWTOEXPRESS“属”“种”Saccharomycecerevisiae（啤酒酵母）（S.cerevisiae）酵母（属）啤酒（种）酵母Thisistheglucosedecompositionandenergygenerationprocessenvelope外膜plasmamembrane质膜periplasmic外周胞质,周质第六课专业术语温室效应thegreenhouseeffect防湿的moisture-proof广口瓶wide

15、-mouthbottle加热即食的ready-to-heat-and-eat定容的fixed-volume自动调零的self-zeroing饮用水potablewater水溶性的water-soluble强化食品fortifiedfood第七课Consult:V.磋商，咨询Consultation:会议，咨询amino-氨基的aminogroup氨基-NH2aminonitrogen氨基态氮aminoacid-yl基acyl酰基acetyl乙酰基methyl甲基ethyl乙基propyl丙基carboxyl羧基carbonyl羰基aminoacylase氨基酰化酶peptidase肽酶carb

16、oxymethyl-羧甲基ethylalcohol乙醇tricarboxylicacidcyclemeta-变化,代谢metabolicadj.metabolicratemetabolicactivitymetabolicbalancemetaboliten.metabolismn.metabolizev.metabolizableadj.代谢作用的,新陈代谢的代谢率代谢能力代谢平衡代谢（产）物新陈代谢使代谢,使同化可代谢的precursorn.前体；先驱genusn.种类、属generapl.excretevt.排泄；分泌isolatesn.种群feedback反馈feedbackinhib

17、ition反馈抑制mutantn.突变异种substraten.底物ant.终产物：endproductsFlavourenhancer风味加强剂Bakingantioxidant焙烤抗氧化剂Sweetenercomponent甜味成分Feedadditive食品添加剂Essentialaminoacids(EAA)必需氨基酸Dispensable(nonessential)aminoacids(DAA,NEAA)非必需氨基酸Conditionallydispensableaminoacids条件非必需氨基酸Cysteine半胱氨酸MethionineTyrosine酪氨酸Phenylalan

18、ineTaurine牛磺酸Indispensable(essential)aminoacids(IDAA,EAA)必需氨基酸Isoleucine,Ile异亮氨酸Lysine,Lys赖氨酸Methionine,Met蛋氨酸,甲硫氨酸Valine,Val缬氨酸Leucine,Leu亮氨酸Tryptophan,Trp色氨酸Phenylalanine,Phe苯丙氨酸Threonine,Thr苏氨酸 Histidine,His组氨酸(infant) # 第八课yogurt=yoghurt：酸奶、酸乳酪fermenteddairyproduct发酵乳制品lact-/lacto-/lacti-:乳的、乳酸的

19、lactosegalactoselactasebacillus:杆状细菌pl.bacillibacilliform:杆状的lactobacillusthermo-/therma-:热的，温度的thermophilusthermos:保温瓶，暖水瓶thermalendurance:耐热性thermoduric:耐热的thermotank:恒温箱casein酪蛋白，干酪素casease酪蛋白酶caseinhydrolysate酪蛋白水解物caseinsaccharide糖酪蛋白HHydrogenCCarbonFFluorineAlAluminiumSSulfurCaCalciumFeIronCuC

20、opperincubated孵化，保温intestinaladj.肠的,肠内的intestinen.肠intestinalmicrobialflora肠内微生物菌丛starter发酵剂starterculture发酵培养基titrate滴定titratable可滴定的titratableacidity滴定酸度dairyproduct:乳制品setorstiredyogurt:凝固型或搅拌型酸奶defattedmilk:脱脂乳skimmilk:脱脂乳（v3.25%）nonfatdrymilk:脱脂奶粉fruitpreparations:水果调制品sundae:圣代fruitpreserves:水

21、果密饯setstyleyogurts凝固型酸奶stirredstyleyogurts搅拌型酸奶aforementionedcultures上述的培养物befunctionofnutritivecarbohydratesweeteners碳水化合物营养甜味剂Coloring色素stabilizers稳定剂preparation预制品，调制品Setstyleyogurts凝固型酸奶Stirredstyleyogurts搅拌型酸奶Fermentationbacteria:asthestartercultureLactobacillusbulgaricus保加利亚乳酸杆菌Streptococcusth

22、ermophilus嗜热链球菌 第十课rennet:犊牛胃内膜，凝乳酶rennin:凝乳酶pharma-药的pharmaceutical药学的，药品，药剂pharmaceutics配药学，制药学pharmacology药理学pharmacy配药学药店NEWWORDScide杀，杀灭剂pesticide杀虫剂，农药（泛指）biopesticide：生物杀虫剂herbicide除草剂fungicide除真菌剂Insecticide杀虫剂 #rodent:rodenticide啮齿类动物灭鼠剂 # lipasepapainamylaseprotease蛋白酶proteolyticenzymes:蛋白

23、水解酶类pancreaticprotease胰蛋白酶脂酶木瓜蛋白酶淀粉酶pectinase果胶酶streptodornase链道酶、脱氧核糖核酸酶第十一课lipidssolubilityn溶解度,溶解性solubilizev溶解solubeadj可溶解的soluten溶质solutionn溶液solventn溶剂estern酯triestern三酯triestersofglycerol甘油三酯glycer(o)-甘油glycerol甘油,丙三醇Triacylglycerol三酰基甘油carboxylic含羧基的,carboxylicacid羧酸aqueousadj.水的，含水的,水成的aque

24、o-水合的,由水衍生的aqui-水aquiculture水产养殖cisgeometry顺式构型transgeometry反式构型cholesterol胆固醇saturated饱和的unsaturated不饱和的saturatedfattyacid饱和脂肪酸monounsaturated一元不饱和的polyunsaturated多元不饱和的mono-单，一poly-多，聚nonpolarorganicsolvents非极性溶剂第十二课Lesson10Enzymes六大酶类oxidoreductasen.氧化还原酶transferasen.转移酶hydrolasen.水解酶isomerasen.异

25、构酶lyasen.裂合酶，裂解酶ligasen.结合酶，连接酶oxidoreductasen.氧化还原酶oxidizev.氧化reducev.还原oxidationn.氧化，氧化反应reductionn.还原，还原反应oxidizer-oxidantn.氧化剂reducer一reductantn.还原齐0NaOHsodiumhydroxideNaClsodiumchlorideH2SO4sulfuricacidHClhydrochloricacid 第十四课Lesson11Nutrition # #nutrient营养素macronutrient常量营养素micronutrient微量营养素n

26、utrition营养（学），营养物，营养（过程malnutrition营养失调，营养不良nutritionist营养学家，营养师nutritional营养的nutritionaldeficiency营养缺乏nutritionalvalue营养价值nutritionalrequirement营养需要量-ium表示化学元素的拉丁名字.SodiumNaCalsiumCaPotassiumKAluminiumAl独立interdependent相互依赖dependent依赖independentinterchangeable可交换的keepingquality耐藏性getalong过活nourishv

27、.滋养,营养nourishmentn.营养Niacin烟酸Thiamin硫胺素（VB1）Riboflavin核黄素（VB2）Folacin（folicacid）叶酸Pantothenicacid泛酸ByridoxineVB6，吡哆素VitaminB12VB12Biotin生物素第十五课Lesson12FoodSafetytox-ortoxi-ortoxo-poison毒素toxin:毒素toxenzyme毒酶toxoid变性毒素toxic-ortoxico-毒物toxicology毒理学toxicant毒药，有毒的carcin-orcarcino-:tumor;癌的carcinogen致癌物质

28、carcinoid良性肿瘤haveanorightto(sth.)有没有要求(某事物)的权利。subjectoneselfto蒙，受。safrolen.化学黄樟素flavoringagent增香剂，香味料。flavoringn.调味品，佐料。cerealgrains粮谷，谷粒Intermsof在方面lettucen.莴苣 第十六课UndergraduateDegreeProgram本科专业Master-degreeCourseProgram硕士点FoodScienceandEngineering食品科学与工程FoodQualityandSafety食品质量与安全AquaticProductsP

29、rocessingandPreservationEngineering水产品加工及贮藏工程FoodScience食品科学FoodAdditiveTechnologyandApplication食品添加剂工艺与应用FunctionalFactorsandFunctionFood功能因子与功能食品GrainandEdibleOilTechnology粮油食品深度加工FruitandVegetableTechnology果品蔬菜深度加工FoodQualityandSafetyControl食品质量与安全控制FoodPackagingTechnology食品包装与保鲜AnimalProductsTec

30、hnology动物性食品深度加工FermentedFoodandBiotechnology发酵食品与生物技术 第十七课Lesson10BasicStepsinVegetablesCanningCann.罐头（美）,tin（英）cannedadj.罐头（食品）的，罐装的cannedfood（goods）罐头食品cannedbeer罐装啤酒canningn.罐装，罐藏，罐头制造canningindustry罐头工业canneryn.罐头（食品）厂Pickling腌制acidn.酸味adj酸的，酸味的，酸性的acidicadj酸的acidicmaterial酸性物质acidifyv.酸化acidit

31、yn酸性，酸度，酸味aciditytest酸度测定heat-resistant耐热的sprayn.喷淋，喷雾，飞沫v.喷射，喷溅high-pressurespray高压喷雾agitatingscreen振动筛revolvingscreen旋转筛blast阵（风），一股（气流）airblast空气流flotationtrimmingn.浮选n.修整，清理焊缝off-colormashblanchingadj.颜色不佳的，变色的v.捣碎n.热烫，漂白，预煮noten.香韵，香调，香型Seasoningagent调味剂atmosphereatm.大气压atmospheric大气的，常压的seam接缝

32、，线缝；缝合，接合filledcan实罐，装有内容物的罐头bulgingn.胀罐，胖听panelingn.瘪罐doubleseam三片罐，二道卷封罐curlofthelidflangeofthecanclosingmachine封罐机，压盖机tinplaten.镀锡铁皮，马口铁thread螺纹lugcap四旋（瓶）盖retortn.（立式）加热（杀菌）锅，杀菌釜cookern.蒸煮机，炊具whole-kerneln.全粒batch-processn.批加工hydrostaticcooker水静压式杀菌机flamesterilization火焰蒸煮sterilizationster0l$zeif

33、bnn杀菌，消毒labelingmachine贴标机blemish污点，瑕疵Cut切开Slice片，薄片；切片Dice切成丁，切成小方块halve半圆片，对开片，半片Blanching热烫,漂白,预煮doubleseam二道卷封罐，三片罐curl卷边flange翻边pressuresterilizer（madebytheFoodMachineryandChemicalCorporationofSanJose,California.）压力灭菌锅continuousagitatingcookers连续振荡灭菌锅hydrostaticcookers水静压式灭菌机flamesterilization火

34、焰灭菌第十八课Lesson14freezev.冻结freezer冷冻机,制冰机,冻结装置freezingn.冻结,冰结cry-,cryo-:freezingcryobiology低温生物学cryogen冷冻剂cryogenic低温学的withdrawv.收回,撤退,撤消withdrawfrom从退出withdrawaln.收回,撤回per-【化学】过，高：peroxide过氧化物.(口语过氧化氢peroxidase过氧化物酶perchloride高氯化物perchloricacid高氯酸HClO4peruse细读,熟读,精读dress去皮,去羽毛,去内脏dressed剥皮,去内脏并分割加工好的

35、Immersionfreezing浸渍冷冻Convectionfreezing对流冷冻Multiplatefreezer多层接触式冻结装置Cryogenicfreezing低温冷冻Fluidized-bedfreezing流化床冷冻Immersionfreezingquickfrozenfood速冻食品plungeinto使投入；插进，扔进；浸入brine盐溶液盐水，咸水alternativefreezingliquids交替冻结液CryogenicfreezingThismethod(whichisbeingrapidlydeveloped)involvestheexposureoffood

36、toacoolingmediumataverylowtemperature.liquidnitrogen液氮F:fahrenheit(degreesfahrenheit)华氏温度C:celsus摄氏温度asprayofliquidnitrogen液氮喷淋ablastoftheverycoldnitrogengas温度很低的氮气流belowzero零下的bringtoahaltanend,aclose,astand,astop使终止，结束carton硬纸盒plasticfilm塑料薄膜greenchlorophyll叶绿素vessel容器thaw解冻fishfingers冻鱼条fishstick

37、s（涂面包粉的）炸鱼排;鱼糜条（日本称“竹轮”）skinnedfillet去皮鱼片cod,haddock鳕鱼stainless-steelbandsaws不锈钢锯sawdust屑,碎片guillotine切片机conveyor传送带batter:（油炸制品）面拖料;（制糕饼的）糊状物,面糊enrobing涂糖衣 第十九课Lesson15DietandHealthResearchNeeds饮食和健康研究的必要性nightblindness夜盲症activecomponent活性成分unlock打开,解开Recurringnutritionaldeficiencydiseases再发性营养缺乏症r

38、ickets佝偻病scurvy坏血病beri-beri脚气病pellagra糙皮病（即烟酸缺乏症）obesity肥胖diabetes糖尿病dietarysupplements食物补充剂,营养增补剂U.S.Dept.ofAgriculturesEconomicResearchService美国农业经济研究中心thediet-relatedportionoffourhealthconditions与饮食有关的四种健康状况coronaryheartdisease冠心病stroke中风diabetes糖尿病ahostof:manyof许多,一大群geneticallyregulateddiseases

39、基因控制疾病Alzheimers医老年性痴呆arthritis关节炎medicalcosts医疗费用lostproductivity生产力损失费prematuredeaths未成年死亡损失USDAEconomicResearchServicesAgricultureInformationbulletin750美国农业部经济研究署农业信息公告750号fallshortof缺乏，不足therecommendedintakelevels推荐摄食水平“light”or“diet”foods“减肥”或“节食”食品reduced-fatfood低脂食品reduced-caloriefood低热量的食品wh

40、olegrains全粒食品nutraceutical保健食品functionalfood功能食品phenolics酚类isoflavones异黄酮carotenoids类胡萝卜素folate叶酸盐folacin,folicacid叶酸osteporosis骨质疏松症neuraltubebirthdefects先天神经缺陷hypertension高血压wholeoats全燕麦psylliumseedhusk亚麻籽壳potassium钾sterol固醇biomarker生物标记quantify确定数量parameter参数,参量insulin胰岛素bloodglucoselevels血糖水平phy

41、tochemicals植物化学的allylisothiocyanate烯丙基异硫氰酸盐pathogenicmicroorganisms病原微生物probiotics益生菌prebiotics益生素gastrointestinaltract胃肠道oligosaccharides寡聚糖fructans果聚糖bifidobacteria双歧杆菌 第二十课bio-生物的anti-抗poly-多的polysaccharidemono-单，一，-ose糖sucrosefructosemaltoseglucoselactosegalactose-ase酶invertasepermeaseamylaseoxid-氧化物的oxideoxidaseoxidant