河南师范大学2018年考研真题244英语

1、2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码与名称：244英语适用专业或方向：日语语言文学法语语言文学考试时间：3小时满分：100分试题编号:（必须在答题纸上答题，在试卷上答题无效，答题纸可向监考老师索要）Part I Cloze （每小题1分，共20分）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passag

2、e. You should write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more 1 waiting for the final school bell. Upon its 2 everyone would run for their coats and go hone, every one except

3、David.David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often 3 what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so 4 or the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves. But something made David_5 I can still remember he was always 6 a smile and wi

4、lling to help. He always_7 after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He_8 just smile and ask what else he could do , then thank me for letting him stay and slowly 9home.Weeks passed and the 10 over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of 11

5、before the holiday break. I smiled in 12 as the last of them hurried out the door. Turning around I saw David 13 standing by my desk.I have something for you he said 14 from behind his back a small box. _J5 it to me, he said anxiously, Open it. I took the box from him, thanked him and slowly unwrapp

6、ed it. I lift the lid and to my 16 saw no thing I looked at Davids smiling face and back into the box and said. *The box is nice, David, but its 17.Oh no, it isnt said David Its full of love, my mum told me before she died that love was something you could nt see or touch unless you know its there.T

7、ears filled my eves 18 I looked at the proud dirty race that I had rarely given 19 to. After that Christmas, David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning 20_the little empty box set on my desk.1. A. anxiousB. courageousC. seriousD. cautious2. A. warningB. ringingC. callingD. yellin

8、g3. A. scoldedB. won de redC. realizedD. learned4. A. modestlyB. naturallyC. inaccuratelyD. inappropriately5. A. popularB. upsetC. specialD. funny6. A. expressingB. deliveringC. wearingD. sharing7. A. practicedB. wanderedC. studiedD. stayed8. A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could9. A. aim atB. turn toC.

9、 put offD. head for10. A. argumentB. excitementC. movementD. program11. A. schoolB. yearC. educationD. program12. A. reliefB. returnC. vainD. control13. A. weaklyB. sadlyC. quietlyD. helplessly14. A. searchedB. foundC. raisedD. pulled15. A. HoldingB. HandingC. SendingD. Leaving16. A. delightB. expec

10、tationC. appreciationD. surprise17.A.cheapB. emptyC. uselessD. improper18. A. asB. untilC. becauseD. though19. A. adviceB. supportC. attentionD. comma nd20. A. fromB. behindC. overD. towardsPart II Reading Comprehension (每小题 2 分，共 40 分)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage i

11、s followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1An English dictionary is the most important thing you will need when learning English. A good dictionary will help you learn

12、hundreds of new words, improve your pronunciation and grammar.When you think of a dicti on ary, you usually think of a bilin gual dicti onary, such as an English-German dictionary and a French-English dictionary. There is also another kind of dictionary: an English-English (monolingual) dictionary.

13、Such a dictionary is written only in English. English words are defined or explained in English. English-English dictionaries are better than bilingual dictionaries in that English definitions are real English phrases with grammar and words.There are two kinds of English-English dictionaries: dictio

14、naries for learners and dictionaries for native speakers. Dictionaries for native speakers are used by Americans, Britons, etc. to look up very difficult words, such as tintinnabulation.Dictionaries for learners are used by people who are learning English as a second Ianguage. Dictionaries for nativ

15、e speakers usually have more words than dictionaries for learners, but the definitions are complicated, and there are fewer example sen tences.If possible, get a software dictionary instead of a paper one. Software dictionaries let you look up words very quickly. Whats more, a computer dictionary ha

16、s more space than a paper one, so it can give more information or it can present the same information in a clearer way. In many software dictionaries, you can listen to recordings, too.A good dictionary must give example sentences for every word. Example sentences are not just helpful 一 they are act

17、ually more important than definitions. While a definition tells you the meaning of a word and sometimes gives you some grammatical information, example sentences can have more advantages. They let you check if youve understood the definition correctly, show you how to use a word in sentences and pro

18、gram your brain to produce correct English sentences.It is a good idea to have at least two dictionaries: a large one to use at home, and a small one to carry with you. It is an even better idea to have at least two large dictionaries. Two example sentences are better than one. With more examples, y

19、ou have a more complete picture of how a word is used and you can express more in English better.Which of the following statements about dictionaries is NOT true?A Chinese-English dictionary is a bilingual dictionary.Definitions in bilingual dictionaries are real English phrases with grammar and wor

20、ds.English words in English-English dictionaries are defined or explained in English.English words in English-English dictionaries are not translated.If you are a Chinese college student, and favor as many example sentences as possible to learn English words, what kind of dictionary will be the best

21、 choice?A large bilingual dictionary for native speakers.A large bilingual dictionary for learners.A large monolingual dictionary for native speakers.A large monolingual dictionary for learners.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word tintinnabulationin Paragraph three?Difficult.B. Dictio

22、naries for learners.C. Dictionaries for native speakers.D. No hint to reveal its meaning.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?Typing a word on a keyboard is faster than turning pages in a large, heavy dicti onary.Software dictionaries rather than paper ones can tell you

23、 how to pronounce a word.A paper dictionary can provide more information than a software one.A computer dictionary can present the same information in a clearer way than a paper one.Why are example sentences more important than definitions?It is not definition but example sentences that can provide

24、some grammaticalin formatio n.Example sentences can help you check whether the definition of a word is correct or not.Example sentences can help you learn the usage of a word.Example sentences can program your brain to pronounee English sentences correctly.Passage 2Mind over matter is an English say

25、ing meaning that we can control our bodies with our minds. Now scientists are fin ding more increasing evidence that our mind can have a great effect on our physical health. Since our mind influences how we feel, its impossible to say that some one is iH just b e cause he feels ill.The influence of

26、the mind on how we feel is the basis of what is known as the placebo effect. A placebo (which is Latin for I shall please.)is a harmless, inactive substanee. Patients are sometimes given placebo pills and begin to feel better because they believe that they have been given real drugs and expect to re

27、spond to them. The placebo effect is very strong: research on pain suggests that up to 30% of the effect of most painkillers is a placebo effect.So if its so powerful, why dont doctors use it today?According to Dr. Persaud, they really do. All these things like wearing a white coat, going to a hospi

28、tal, being scanned have a very strong placebo effect,he says.The English saying ,1mind over matter means that.sound mind is more imports nt than good healthour mind has strong effect on our bodyour physical health has no thing to do with our mindmental health mainly depends on physical healthAccordi

29、ng to the first paragraph, if you feel ill,.you dont need to see a doctoryou are still in good conditionit doesnt necessarily mean that you are physically illare not real drugsC. can relieve all kinds of painD.may make patients feel worseThe placebo effect is based on.a response of the body to drugs

30、a harmless, inactive substancethe constant use of some special drugsthe influe nee of our minds on our bodiesFrom the passage it can be seen that there will be no placebo effect if apatient.is dressed in whitehas a physical examtakes sugar pillssees a doctorPassage 3If you are a male and you are rea

31、ding this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics, you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average

32、 five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this, typically, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men dont go to the doctor.Men arent seeing doctors as often as they should, says Dr.Gullotta, This is particularly so for the ove

33、r-40s, when diseases tend to strike. ”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45, it should be at least once a year.Two months ago, Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smokers cough for a year.Whe n I fin ally saw him

34、it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer, he says, Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged his life.According to a recent survey, 95% of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same ag

35、e group.A lot of men think they are invincible（不可战胜的），” Gullotta says. They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, Geez, if it couldhappen to him,Then there is the ostrich approach, some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, says Dr. Ross

36、Cartmill.Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies, Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that comm only affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain(紧张)on the public purse, Cartmill says. llBut

37、prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater： it is called premature death.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.Their average life

38、 span has been considerably extended.They have lived long enough to read this article.They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?Men drink and smoke much more than women.Men dont seek medic

39、al care as often as women.Men arent as cautions as women in face of dan ger.Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.Which of the followi ng best completes the sente nee Geez, if it could happen tohim,? (Iine2,para,8)it could happen to me, tooI should avoid playing golfI should consider mys

40、elf luckyit would be a big misfortuneWhat does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by the ostrich approach?(line 1, Para.9)a casual attitude towards ones health conditionsa new therapy for certain psychological problemsrefusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involvedunwillingness to find out about

41、ones disease because of fearWhat does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?They may in crease public expe nsesThey will save money in the long runThey may cause psychological strains on menThey will enable men to live as long as womenPassage 4A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece

42、 of reading. It is remarkable first for what it con tains: the range of news from local crime to in ternational politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features （特写）as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of bo

43、oks, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and not glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A g

44、ood modern newspaper offers variety to attract many different readers, but far more than nay one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality （时事,性），its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now, but immediacy and the spe

45、ed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what papers in a newspaper has no more than transient （短暂的）value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that days paper, his own selection and sequenee, h

46、is own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you n eed but without wasti ng time, dema nds skill and self-aware ness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.A modern newspaper is remarkable for a

47、ll the following except its.wide coverageuniform stylespeed in reporting newspopularityAccording to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the samenewspaper is that.people scan for the news they are interested indifferent people prefer different newspaperspeople are rarely interested

48、in the same kind of newspeople have different views about what a good newspaper is38t can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers.apply reading techniques skillfullyjump from one newspaper to anotherappreciate the variety of a newspaperusually read a newspaper selectivelyA good newspaper offers a variety to readers because.it tries to serve diffe