被动语态公开课三阳学校方天有

1、 Passive Voice 被动语态Review 1.打扫干净2.使振奋，使高兴起来3.分发，发放4.推迟；拖延5.建立，想出clean upcheer upgive output offset up6.call up7.put up8.give away9.ask for10.work out11.run out of 打电话张贴捐赠要求；请求产生结果；发展用完；用光1) My parents want to go _ on vacation. A. somewhere peaceful B. dangerous somewhere C. somewhere boring D. fasci

2、nating somewhere2) They _ _ all over the country. So they plan _ _ some other country. A. have traveled, visit B. traveled, to visit C. traveled, visiting D. have traveled, to travel3) Some robots are _ to do the same things _ people. A. enough smart, as B. enough smart, with C. smart enough, as D.

3、smart enough, for4) - Must I go out for a walk now? - No, you _.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not5) Did you _ much money on the car?A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态) English is studied by m

4、any students. (被动语态)语 态by many students.主动语态变被动语态的方法1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby themin that factory.主动语态变被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语(be+done)。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by 短语。（ by短语可以省。 by短语 后跟代词的宾格。）by the teacher.3.The t

5、eacher often asks him questions.Heis askedquestions口诀1 宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动。被动语态的结构助动词be+及物动词的过去分词不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines(机器) in Beijing.Football is played by the

6、m on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.1. They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were +过去分词last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many treeswere plantedTen computerswe

7、re boughtThey built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us

8、 just now.This room was used for resting by them.3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should + be+过去分词1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must tur

9、n off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.4.一般将来时的被动语态结构：will be+过去分词1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be

10、finished2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.We will hold a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the school tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by chi

11、ldren in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构is / am / are + being 过去分词1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The roomsare being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构have / has been 过去分词1.We hav

12、e made twenty more keysby us.Twenty more keyshave been made2.We have finished our compositions（作文）.Our compositionshave been finishedby us.表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be

13、going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done被动语态的几种特殊类型（一）如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2.He teaches us English. We are taught English by him. English is taught to us by him. 1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.常见的接双宾语的动词有: to: pass, give, teach, show, br

14、ing, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get, 以间接宾语“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以直接宾语“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.（以I做主语）（以物book作主语）（以人当主语）（以物作主语）口诀2如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前加to/for。2.含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态keep, make 之类的动词常常有宾语补足 语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 谓 宾 宾补Food is kept fresh in the fridge.T

15、om made me angry.I was made angry by Tom.即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to. 1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.Hewas seento play basketball last Sunday.2.We heard them sing in the classroom.Theywere heardto sing in the cla

16、ssroom.3.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态口诀3 这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch) 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.They take good care of my child. I turned off the radio. 4.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态My child is ta

17、ken good care of .The radio was turned off (by me)口诀4原来动词不及物，构成短语成及物，变被动，介、副不可去。下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆盖着 be interested in 对感兴趣 be surprised at 对感到惊奇 be made of （from）用制造的动词短语的被动语态 take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after

18、被动语态的几种特殊类型（二） 主动式表被动义1。动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly平滑地; 流畅地 ),用主动式表被动义。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry变干 ,eat,drink,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D.

19、is washedBC主动式表被动义2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时

20、,用主动式表被动义。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel（铁） feels cold5 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The s

21、hop opens at 6 am. every day填空（完成被动语态填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . iscleanedwas given to Practice表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,

22、用主动式表被动义6. 作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式（to be done）作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A