必修1 Unit 1 Friendship(全)(共8页)

1、斯博英语高中同步与拓展班必修(bxi)1 Unit 1 Friendship 讲义(jingy)（一）words list 单词表survey /sve/ n. 调查(dio ch)；测验upset adj. 心烦意乱的；vt. (upset, upset)使心烦ignore in: HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vt. 不理睬；忽视calm k:m adj. 沉着的vt. & vi. （使）平静； concern kns:n HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vt. （使）担忧；涉及; n. 担心；关注 loose lu:s HYPER

2、LINK javascript:; o 真人发音 adj. 松的；松开的vet n. 兽医Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家） Jewish du: HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 犹太人的；犹太族的German d:mn HYPERLINK javascript:; o 机器发音 adj. 德国的； n 德国人；德语Nazi n. 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的series siri:z HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 连续；系列outdoors autd:z HYPERLIN

3、K javascript:; o 真人发音 adv. 在户外；在野外spellbind spelband HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vt. (spellbound, spellbound)迷住；迷惑dusk dsk HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 黄昏；傍晚thunder nd HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vi. 打雷； n雷；雷声entire intai HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个

4、地power pau HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 能力；力量；权力curtain k:tn HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty dsti: HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 adj. 积满灰尘的partner p:tn HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle setl vi.定居；停留 vt. 使定居；解决suffer sf HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受

5、；经历loneliness lnlns HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 n. 孤单；寂寞highway n. 公路；大路recover rikv HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得pack pk HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 vi. & vt. 捆扎；打行李n. 小包；包裹suitcasesju:tkeis n. 手提箱；衣箱 overcoat n. 大衣；外套teenagerti:neid n. 十几岁的青少年 HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音

6、 gossip sipvi. & n. 闲话；闲谈 HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi. 不同意grateful reitful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的 HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 dislike n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒secondly adv. 第二；其次swapswp vt. 交换 HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 item aitmn. 项目；条款Phrase短语add

7、up 合计calm()down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来have got to 不得不；必须 be concerned about 关心；挂念walk the dog 遛狗go through 经历；经受a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套on purpose p:ps HYPERLINK javascript:; o 真人发音 故意in order to 为了at dusk 在黄昏时刻face to face 面对面地suffer from 遭受；患病get/be tired of 对厌烦pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包get along with 与相处；进展

8、fall in love 相爱；爱上join in 参加；加入no longer/notany longer 不再laugh at嘲笑hide away躲藏set down a series of facts记下流水帐be crazy about对感到狂热keep sb spellbound令人心迷神往stay awake熬夜(o y)have a good look at好好(ho ho)看一看happen to碰巧(pngqio)shut the windows关窗hold sb in the power of被的力量镇住了a year and a half一年半cheat in the

9、exam考试作弊take the end-of-term exam参加期末考the hiding place藏身处Difficulties重难点survey n. 调查，概述；v. 测量，检查；e.g. a. A recent survey showed most of those questioned were for the plan. 最近的民意测验显示大多数调查对象同意这项计划。 b. The governor surveyed the damage caused by the tsunami. 州长查看了海啸引起的破坏情况。 思维拓展：(1). make a survey of st

10、h. 调查 make a general survey of sth 纵观(2). survey sth. 调查，评述，检查 survey the equipment 检查设备词汇派生：surveyor n. 测量员，检察员add v. 增加，增添e.g. a. Shall I add your name to the list? 我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？b. A new wing was added to the building. 这座大楼新添了一座边房。思维拓展：add up sth 把加起来add sth to sth 把加到add to sth = increase 增加了。ad

11、d up to 合计；总共add in 包括;算进 指点迷津：(1). add sth to sth 是“把加到上去“，add to 不能分开用，意为“增加了”, 相当于increase 或raise. 如：e.g. a. He added some sugar to the coffee. 他给咖啡里加了些糖。 The bad weather added to our difficulty. 坏天气增加了我们的困难。(2). add还可表示“补充说“，后常接从句。e.g. He added that he was satisfied with the talk. 它补充说他对会谈很满意。词汇

12、派生：addition n. 附加物 additional adj. 附加的in addition to 除之外point n. 要点，尖端，含义；v. 指出e.g. a. The point is that you shouldnt have to wait so long to see a doctor. 关键是看病不应等那么久。 b. He pointed to the spot where the house used to stand. 他指着那所房子原来所在的地方。思维拓展：(1). be on the point of doing 正要做There is no point in

13、没必要/没意义做boiling point 沸点(2). point to/ at 指向 point out sth to sb. 向某人指出某事 point out that指出 point sth to/at sb. 把对着某人指点迷津：(1). 当非善意地用手指(shuzh)某人时，只能用point at.(2). 当表示指针指向、证据(zhngj)表明、建筑物的朝向时，用point to. . eg.The house points to the sea. 那所房子面向(min xin)大海。词汇派生：pointed adj. 尖锐的；尖的pointless adj. 无意义的，无益的

14、upset v. 使不安，打乱 adj. 心烦意乱的 e.g. a. His strange behavior upset his father. 他的奇怪行径困扰着他父亲。 b. I understand how upset you must be feeling. 我理解你心里有多难受。思维拓展：(1). upset sb. 使某人不安 upset the plan 搅乱了计划 upset the cup 打翻了杯子 It upsets sb that 让某人心烦的是 It upsets sb to do sth 做使某人不快。(2). be upset about 对赶到心烦指点迷津：(

15、1). upset 指由于某事的发生而心烦意乱。(2). nervous 在做某事的过程中紧张害怕的感觉。(3). anxious 因担心某事的发生或不发生而焦虑不安。词汇派生：upset-upset-upset-upsetting concern n. 担心，关心，关系；v. 涉及，有关e.g. a. There is growing concern about violence on TV. 人们对电视上的暴力内容日见担忧。 b. Dont be involved in what doesnt concern you. 不要管那些与你无关的事。思维拓展：(1). show/express

16、concern about/ for 对表示关心/担心 have concern with 和有关系 (2). concern oneself about/ for 担忧/关心 concern oneself with 从事，参与 concern sb./ sth 与有关词汇派生：concerned adj. 有关的；担心的be concerned about/ over/for 关心；挂念be concerned with/ in 牵扯进/参与all parties concerned 有关各方as/so far as be concerned 就而言e.g. As far as Im co

17、ncerned, the sooner, the better. 就我而言，越快越好。cheat v. 欺骗,作弊 n. 骗子, 作弊者 eg. He is accused of cheating the taxman. 他被控欺骗税务员. eg. The two cheats set up tow looms. 这两个骗子支起两架织布机.思维拓展： cheat sb. (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 cheat sb. into doing sth 骗某人做catch sb. cheating in an exam 作弊被抓series n. 一系列,连续e.g. There has

18、 been a series of accidents at the crossing. 在那个十字路口曾经发生过一连串的事故.思维拓展：a seires of 一连串的, 一系列的a seroes of accidents 一连串事故a series of articles 一系列文章a TV series 一部电视连续剧in series 连续,一系列地构词法:serial n. 连续剧, 连载小说It is the first /secondtime that+现在(xinzi)完成时 这是第一次/第二次.It is the first time (that) I have been h

19、ere. It was the first / secondtime that+过去(guq)完成时 这是第一次/第二次.It was the second time that I had been here. suffer v. 遭受(zoshu),忍受eg. The city suffered serous damage from the earthquake. 城市因地震遭受严重破坏.思维拓展：suffer from 遭受suffer for sth. 为而受苦构词法:suffering n. 痛苦, 苦难sufferer n. 受难者, 患者 purpose n. 目的,意图eg. F

20、or what purpose did he go to Africa? 他去非洲的目的何在?思维拓展：on purpose = by accident 故意地for the purpose of 为了的目的构词法:purposeful adj. 有目的的,故意的purposeless adj. 无目的的purposely adv. 特意地,故意地advice n. 劝告,建议eg. He gave us some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 他就如何学习外语给我们提了一些建议.思维拓展：give / offer sb. some ad

21、vice on 就给某人提建议ask sb. for adcice 征求某人的意见follow / take ones advice接受某人的建议 by ones advice 按某人的建议做构词法:adviser / advisor n. 建议者,顾问advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做advise sb. not to do sth = adcise sb. against doing sth 建议某人不要做advise doing sth 建议做Its +被强调部分+that/ who It is miss Liu who/ that is my teacher. 正是M

22、iss刘是我的英语老师。It is English that I like.我喜欢的就是英语。 翻译下面两句话： It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday. It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday. 1.-Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?-No,_ only the two passengers who got hurt. A. it was B. it were C. there was D

23、. there were2. -Who is making so much noise in the room? - _ the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D . There are 3. It was _ she was about to go out _ the telephone rang. A. when ; that B. before; then C. when; before 4. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what; that B. that; what C. that

24、; when D. it; when go through 通过;经受; 仔细检查; 完成练习：go through too many wars 经过太多的战争The new law has gone through. 新的法律已经通过了.The teacher went through all the students homework. 老师将学生的作业仔细(zx)的检查了一遍.思维(swi)拓展:break through 冲破(chn p)get through 完成, 通过live through 活过look through 浏览read through 通读see through

25、 看穿through and through 彻底,完全set down 记下， 放下, eg. a. Set down his name and address. 记下他的名字和地址.b.He set down the book on the bable . 他把书放在桌上.思维拓展:set down (doing) sth 着手(做)某事set out to do sth. 着手做做某事set off 动身,引爆set up 竖起,创设,开办注: 表示” 记下, 写下” 时set down = put down = write down = get down do with 处理,与. 有

26、关eg. He didnt knkow what to do with his camel. 他不知如何处置他的骆驼.思维拓展:have sth. to do with 与有关have nothing to do with 与无关have much / a lot of to do with 与有很大关系指点迷津:(1) do with 表示 “ 处置” 时常与what 搭配,而 deal with 常与how 搭配.e.g. What to do with his camel how to deal with his camel for once 就这/ 那一次eg. a. For once

27、 yourre right . 只有这一次你是对的.b. I think we might relax orselves for this once .我想我们就这么一次可以放松一下.思维拓展:once in a while 偶尔once more / again 再一次once upon a time 从前( 用于开始讲故事)at once 立刻;同时 face to face 面对面地eg. They stood face to face with each other. 他们面对面地站着.思维拓展:heart to heart 心贴心地, 坦诚地shoulder to shouldedr

28、 肩并肩地hand in hand手拉手地arm in arm臂挽臂地side by side 并排地back to back 背靠背地 get along with 进展,相处eg. a. How are you getting along with your classmates? 你与同学相处怎样?b. Hes getting along well with his business. 他生意做得很顺利.思维拓展:get along well / nicely with 与相处得很好get along badly with 与相处得不好指点迷津:(1) get along with 中的

29、along 也可以用on 替换.(2) get along with sb. 是与某人相处得如何，get along with sth 是某事进展得如何()在 He didnt know that we were getting along with them well.中，不能用how 代替(dit)that . 当句中没有well, nicely 或 badly 等词时，才用how. e.g. I want to know how they are getting along with the work. 我想知道(zh do)他们的工作进展得怎么样词义(c y)辨析： pay, sala

30、ry 与 wage （1） pay 工资，薪金，是不可数名词常指按时支付的固定薪酬，也指海陆军人以及在政府部门工作的人的新酬可用来代替 salary 或wages. 如：eg. a. How much tax do they take out of your pay? 他们从你的工资中抽多少税？ b. I get my pay every Friday. 我每星期五领薪水（）salary 薪水可用作可数或不可数名词通常指非体力劳动者（如：白领阶层的工作者或掌管业务的行政人员等）所得的报酬，一般按月发回半年、一年发放一次如：eg. a. He is paid for his work at a

31、high salary .他的工作薪水很高 b. I draw my salary at the end of every month.我每个月底领工资（）wage 工资，工钱通常指付给体力劳动者（如：蓝领工资，也可指按记时工资常用复数形式，其谓语动词也用复数有时工资多或少时，常说much / little wage, 而不说 many / few wages. 如：eg. a. Wages are high in this country. 这个国家的工资待遇高 b. She has a rise in her wages. 她涨了工资。词义辨析： calm, quiet, still 与

32、silent （1） calm 平静的，沉重着的指无风浪或人的心情不激动；（）quiet 宁静的，安静的指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑；（）still 静止的，不动的指没有运动或动作的状态；（）silent 寂静的，沉默的，不发音的指没有声音或不讲话如：eg. a. He kept calm in face of great danger. 面临巨大危险他还是保持镇静 b.He leads a quiet life. 他过着平淡的生活。c. Ask the children to keep silent.让孩子们保持安静 d.Please keep/stay still while I

33、 take your photo. 我给你拍照时请别动。词义辨析： concern, anxiety, care与 worry (1) concern 语气较轻，指对非常下的人或物的担忧；()anxiety “ 担忧，挂念，焦急，指对未来的事或不能确定的的不安，主要是怕发生不辛的事，但并非消极的悲观失望，而是积极地希望避免不辛，另外还有渴望做某事或获得某事的含义；（3）care “担心，挂念，操心”，不仅指感情上的担忧，也包括在理智上对某事的挂念和操心；(4)worry担心，烦恼，操心，是日常用语，指过分的担心或无济于事的忧虑等如：eg. a. His childs future was hi

34、s greatest concern. 孩子的前途是他最关心的问题b. As his confidence in work increased , his anxieties about it disappeared. 因为对工作的信心曾加了，他对工作的担忧消失了c. Care had made him look ten years older .操心使他看起来老了岁d. Too much worry had made him look like an old man .过分忧虑使他看起来像位老人in order to, so as to 与 so as to (1) in order to

35、引导的不定式作目的状语，可置于句首或句末()so as to 引导的不定式作目的状语，起位置一般在句末eg.a. In order to catch the train, he hurried through his work. 为了赶火车，他匆匆忙忙完成了工作（表目的） b. He hurried through his work in order to / so as to catch the train. 为了(wi le)赶火车，他匆匆忙忙完成了工作（表目的） () so as to 结构(jigu)中， so + adj./ adv. as to do 表示一个(y )结果，意为达到

36、某种程度如：e.g. a. She was so kind as to help the old lady off the bus. 她好心地把那位老太太扶下了公共汽车 b. Would you be so kind as to lead me to the hospital? 请你把我带到医院去好吗？指点迷津：（）否定结构：in order not to do 和 so as not to do. (2 ) 主语从句主语一致时，才能用 in order to 或 so as to 来引导，否则，改用 so that 或in order that 来引导eg. In order to see it clearly, I put on my galsses. = I put on my glasses in order to see it clearly. = I put on my glasses as to see it clearly . = I put on my glasses to see it clearly . = To see it clearly, I put on my glasses. 为了看清楚，我戴上了眼镜单元练习巩固He _ the babysitter 600 yu