外国语英语翻译2001试卷答案

1、外国语大学2001 年入学试卷英语翻译专业I. Translate the following sentenranslating each of them.（30%）o Chi. Explain what translation technique you use1. The crowd fello respectful silence.The worsening situation soon forced him back to the negotiating table.Aspirin, like Cora Cola and Levis, is one of only a handful

2、of brands to have transcended cultures, borders and generations to enjoy almost universal recognition.They sky darkened, soon snow was falling in a discouraging abundance.5. As children can absorb only so much aime, dole out praise in small but frequent doses.There is no pot so uglyt it cant find a

3、lid.The uneventful dignity of his life makes for a biography which it would be old to be thrilled by and which it would be insensitive not to be stirred by.8. The stars twinkledhe transparent clarity of the sky.9. The doctor is examining the ratpoor child.t carries the flearbors the germt infected t

4、he10. Povertyhe develocountries has been ascribed by the North to low productivity,inappropriate domestic policies and inadequate national effort. Translate the followino passageso Chi:（30%）1. One has the leisure of July for perceiving all the differenof the green of leaves. It is nolonger a differe

5、nce in degrees of maturity, for all the trees have darkened to their final tone, andstandheir difference of character and not mere date. Almost all the green is grave, not sad andnot dull. Is a darkened anily color,ajestic but not obvious harmony with dark grayskies, and might look, to inconstant ey

6、es, as prosaic after spring as eleven oclock looks after thedawn.2. For truly sucsful translating, biculturalism is even more importantt bilingualism,since words only have meaningerms of the cultures in which they function. Dictionaries andencyclopedias are important source of strategic cultural inf

7、ormation, but they can never take theplace ofal involvement in a foreign society. This is one of the reasons why most programsfor the training of translators andreters requiret students spendeast six months to ayear in each of the countries where the students acquired languages are spoken. Only by b

8、eing inthe countries in which a foreign language is spoken can one acquire the nesary sensitivity to thespel meaning of words and phrases. Translate the following senteno English:（20%）大业，是这一代人的历史1回归祖国，完成。2你要避免同唱反调，否则他不会你。他站在那里，嘴里叼着烟斗，手里拿着帽子。不要什么都搞一刀切，有区别才有政策。人有喜庆不可生嫉妒心；人有祸患不可生欣喜心。6家里人都不太爱写信。7如果把“安全”

9、二字放在心上，那么事故就会少得多。会议改期，时间另行通知。外面很黑，脚底不平，她磕磕绊绊地走着。深冬雪后，风景凄清，懒散和怀旧的心情连接起来，我意暂寓在城的旅馆了。. Translate the following passageo English:（20%）中年的调子（节选）-中年人刚刚揖别青年，还留恋少年，骨头里还是童年。只数声鸽哨，几粒青皮绛桃，一大叠表格，就把金色年华骗过了。实在于心不甘。所以他常常挠首踌躇：既愿意快快成长，又希望他永远如桃大，如苗青，切莫滚瓜烂熟，长大成精。他心里还留点淘气，却偏要装出老成世故，惟有与孩子玩耍，才能够一展怀抱。他借口逗孩子，做出幼稚的动作而不必脸红；他

10、自己想荡秋千，就佯装教孩子荡秋千；自己想吃零食，就谎称这零食是买给孩子的。他觉得没有底气引吭高歌，现在面对孩子，他至少要摆摆姿态。很多场合，他本来是要发脾气的，现在能够忍耐，而他恰好发现，许多忍而不发的愚蠢话，讲给孩子听，全是最生动最受欢迎的。部分：外国语大学2001 年入学试卷英语翻译专业I. Translate the following sentenranslating each of them.（30%）o Chi. Explain what translation technique you use1. The crowd fello respectful silence.The w

11、orsening situation soon forced him back to the negotiating table.Aspirin, like Cora Cola and Levis, is one of only a handful of brands to have transcended cultures, borders and generations to enjoy almost universal recognition.They sky darkened, soon snow was falling in a discouraging abundance.5. A

12、s children can absorb only so much aime, dole out praise in small but frequent doses.There is no pot so uglyt it cant find a lid.The uneventful dignity of his life makes for a biography which it would be old to be thrilled by and which it would be insensitive not to be stirred by.8. The stars twinkl

13、edhe transparent clarity of the sky.9. The doctor is examining the ratpoor child.t carries the flearbors the germt infected the10. Povertyhe develocountries has been ascribed by the North to low productivity,inappropriate domestic policies and inadequate national effort.译文和翻译技巧：1人群安静下来，以示尊敬。Turn the

14、 ally,2情况adjective respectful, which modifies the whole sentence instead of silencesemo a separate clause to make the Chiver了，很快他被迫回到谈判桌前。sound more idiomatic.Turn the adjective worseningo a verb and the subject of the original sentenceo a clauseand the original objecto the subject of the Chiver.了文化

15、界限、国界而在各个时代都3像可口可乐和利维（著名牛仔裤品牌）这样得到全球公认的知名品牌不多，阿斯匹林也是其中之一。Split the sentenceo two clauses. And change word sequence.4天黑了下来，很快雪下大了，真让人灰心丧气。Turn the adjective discouraging, which modifies peoples mood instead of the snowsemally,o a separate clause.5小孩理解能力有限，虽然应该经常表扬，但是每次只要稍微意思一下就行。Bring out the hidden

16、meaning of the word of absorb and turn the noun praiseo verb andthe adjective frequento adverb.6再难看的罐子也可以找到盖子来配。Bring our the hidden meaning of the sentence by turning a negative way of expressing itive one.o a他的一生没发生过什么大事然不失尊严，读他的传记如果感到很兴奋是不正常的，但如果根本没有触动，又似乎有点太麻木了。Split the sentence. Add verbs.繁星闪烁

17、，夜空清澈得仿佛透明了一般。Split the sentenceo two clauses and add explanations in order to retahe images withoutcausing misunderstanding.9的跳蚤。Split the long modifying clause，医生正在检查携带跳蚤的老鼠/老鼠身上的孩子受到了跳蚤携带细菌的o short ones in order to make the meaning clear and makethe Chivermore idiomatic.10北半球的发达国家将发展中国家的贫困归因于生产力低

18、下，国民不够努力。策不合理，国Change the passive voiceo the active voice, which is more frequently employed inChiand change word order to make the translation more idiomatic. Translate the followino passageso Chi:（30%）1. One has the leisure of July for perceiving all the differenof the green of leaves. It is nolon

19、ger a difference in degrees of maturity, for all the trees have darkened to their final tone, andstandheir difference of character and not mere date. Almost all the green is grave, not sad andnot dull. Is a darkened anily color,ajestic but not obvious harmony with dark grayskies, and might look, to

20、inconstant eyes, as prosaic after spring as eleven oclock looks after thedawn.2. For truly sucsful translating, biculturalism is even more importantt bilingualism,since words only have meaningerms of the cultures in which they function. Dictionaries andencyclopedias are important source of strategic

21、 cultural information, but they can never take theplace ofal involvement in a foreign society. This is one of the reasons why most programsfor the training of translators andreters requiret students spendeast six months to ayear in each of the countries where the students acquired languages are spok

22、en. Only by being inthe countries in which a foreign language is spoken can one acquire the nesary sensitivity to thespel meaning of words and phrases.译文：1七月，人们有空闲来观察不同树叶的绿色之间有何差别。到这时节，所有树的颜色都已经变到最深，因此树叶颜色不同已经与树木是否长成无关，产生区别的原因在于树木本身的特性而不仅仅是时间问题。几乎所有的绿色都显得很庄严，既不伤感也不乏味。绿色是一种常见的深颜色，在灰色天空的映衬下显得雄伟壮丽，但若不细

23、看这壮美是看不出来的，某些靠不住/变化无常的眼睛在欣赏过美丽的春光以后再看这景色可能觉得很是平淡无趣，就像看过2因为的美景再看中午十一点的景色感觉一样。只有在文化中起作用，才会被赋予意义，所以要想把翻译工作真正做好，精通两种文化比懂得两种语言更为重要。字典和百科全书固然是获取关键文化信息的重要来源，然而这些永远无法取代在外国文化中获得的亲身体验。因此，多数笔译口译培训计划都要求学生在以所学语言为母语/讲他们所学语言的每个国家都待上至少半年时间。只有以所学外语为母语/讲所学外语的国家，才能培养出对、短语特殊涵义必要的敏感性。. Translate the following senteno En

24、glish:（20%）大业，是这一代人的历史使命。1回归祖国，完成2你要避免同唱反调，否则他不会你。他站在那里，嘴里叼着烟斗，手里拿着帽子。不要什么都搞一刀切，有区别才有政策。人有喜庆不可生嫉妒心；人有祸患不可生欣喜心。6家里人都不太爱写信。如果把“安全”二字放在心上，那么事故就会少得多。会议改期，时间另行通知。外面很黑，脚底不平，她磕磕绊绊地走着。深冬雪后，风景凄清，懒散和怀旧的心情连接起来，我竟暂寓在 S 城的了。旅馆Translation:1. It is a historical misof our generation to havereturn to the motherland

25、and toplish the great cause of reunification of the nation.2. You should avoid going against yours, or you wont be promoted.3. He was standing there wipipe in his mound a hat in his hand.4.t ime uniformity on the implemenion of all the policies. Where there is nodifferentiation there is no policy.5.

26、bad luck.ot feel jealous when otheople are in/have good luck or feel happy when they have6. No oney family is very much a letter writer.7. Accidents wille fewer if we bear the word “safety”ind.8. The meeting will be held some other time and you will be notified of the time later.9. She stumbled alon

27、g on the uneven groundhe darkness outside.10. It is the depth of wer and the snow had just stopped. The scene is sad and cold.Betn laziness and nostalgia, I stayed temporarilyhe Luosi Hoof S city. Translate the following passageo English:（20%）中年的调子（节选）-中年人刚刚揖别青年，还留恋少年，骨头里还是童年。只数声鸽哨，几粒青皮绛桃，一大叠表格，就把金色

28、年华骗过了。实在于心不甘。所以他常常挠首踌躇：既愿意快快成长，又希望他永远如桃大，如苗青，切莫滚瓜烂熟，长大成精。他心里还留点淘气，却偏要装出老成世故，惟有与孩子玩耍，才能够一展怀抱。他借口逗孩子，做出幼稚的动作而不必脸红；他自己想荡秋千，就佯装教孩子荡秋千；自己想吃零食，就谎称这零食是买给孩子的。他觉得没有底气引吭高歌，现在面对孩子，他至少要摆摆姿态。很多场合，他本来是要发脾气的，现在能够忍耐，而他恰好发现，许多忍而不发的愚蠢话，讲给孩子听，全是最生动最受欢迎的。Translation:The Tune of Middle Age (extracts) by Chen ZhenMiddle-aged people have just waved goodbye to their youth, are still lingering on theiradolescence, and remaseveral pigeono be childrenheir heart of hearts. Their golden years elapsed betns, a handful of green and red peaches, and a large stack of forms. What apity! There