it用法详解PPT教学课件

1、It的用法1代词：用于指人以外的一切生物，无生命的东西和事情日期，距离，价值，度量，温度，环境等2it 用作非人称代词，指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等， 常不翻译出来Its quite hot here in summer, isnt it ? Its early midnight now . Wed better go to bed. Its about an hours drive from here to Nanchang.It was noisy last night. Do you like it here？(2004年高考全国卷) Oh, yes. Th

2、e air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.(天气)(时间) (距离)（情况）(环境等)3指代性别不详的婴幼儿他她是谁？Who is it?指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人-Who is knocking at the door?-Its may be Tom.The baby is crying. It might be hungry.“Who is it over there?” “It must be headmaster.” “No, it cant be him, for he has gone to Pari

3、s.”4 I.人称代词a.用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物，以避免重复:Throw wasted paper in the dustbin. Its just beside you.b.还可以指代前面整件事情：This spade is made of iron. It is known to all.2.指示代词(在回答含有指示代词thisthat的问句时，常用it指代)-Who is that?- It is Lucy.Whats that on the right? I guess it might be a watermelon.“Hello! Who is that (speaki

4、ng)?” “This is john/I (speaking). 此处不能用it代this 5it 指代上文提到的表特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，即“同类又同物”; one表示“同类不同物”, 只能代替可数名词单数，相当于a/an+可数名词单数；还可以指众多中的一个（注意它在定语从句中的指代）(复数n用ones指代)that 表示“同类不同物”，（只在平级结构或比较级结构或表对比结构中指代前文出现的表特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词。（复数名词用those指代)I had a good pen, but I lost it yesterday. Ill buy one tomorrow.注

5、1: it, one, that 区别6The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which2. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them3. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than

6、 _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those易误辨析:it / one / thatBACthe house that the Parkers boughta housethe air7Exercises:1.-would you like to buy a bicycle of this kind? -Yes, Id like to have_.A. it B.that C.one D.this2.The color of my coat is different from_of yours.A. it B. one C. that D. t

7、his3.The machines we use today are much better than _we use ten years ago.A. it B.that C.one D.those4.These shoes are too tight, do you have large_?A. it B.that C.ones D.one8定语从句1. Is this the factory _ her mother worked last year?A. the one B. that C. where D. which2. Is this factory _ her mother w

8、orked in last year?A. the one B. that C. where D. which3. _clean the blackboard is to be praised.A. Anyone who B. The boy C. The one D. the ones91. Sb + think + it + necessary + ( for sb. ) to do sth. +连词+clause The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国

9、)A. that B. it C. this D. himSentence patterns:B形式宾语makebelievefeelfindconsiderhardpossibleimportantuselessworthworthwhileTranslation:我们认为你什么时候出发并不重要。We consider it unimportant when you set out.10 2. S+ V + it + ones duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. +连词+ clause3. S + V + it + no +n + doing sth. ( need

10、除外）形式宾语I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence patterns:an honour, a pity, a shame, a good idea-no usegoodpointharm-1. 作为医生，我们觉得救死扶伤是我们的职责。2. 他们相信适当锻炼身体毫无坏处。TraanslationAs doctors, we feel it our duty to save the dying and treat the wounded. They believe it no harm doing the exercsie ap

11、propriately.11I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)A. this B. that C. it D. one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love,enjoy, dislike, hate, dont mind, appreciate, feellike等)或包含介词的动词短语(如see to, depend on,be fond of等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.I like (enjoy, hate) it when.I wo

12、uld appreciate it ifsee to (depend on) it thatSentence patterns:C形式宾语12点拨:这也是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词短语中包含it作形式宾语,其结构为： sb owe it to sb+ 连词 + clause 把归功于 bring it to sb+ 连词 + clause 把带给某人 leave it to sb to do+ 连词 + clause 把留给某人去做 take it for granted + 连词 + clause 某人想当然 keep it in mind + 连词 + clause 牢记形式宾

13、语She took _ for granted that he was liked by all the people. A. this B. that C. it D. one CSentence patternsYou can leave the chores to me if you are busy. Please keep it in mind that you are a chinese man.She owed it to me that she is getting better and better.13Sentence patterns:形式宾语sb think it ad

14、j for sb to do+连词+clausesb think it n for sb to do+连词+clausesb think it no n(usegood-) doing (except need)sb appreciate it +连词+ clausesb leave it to sb to do+连词+从句sb owe it to sb +连词+ clausesb bring it to sb +连词+ clausesb take it for granted+连词+ clausesb keep it in mind +连词+ clausesb think it adj fo

15、r sb to do+连词+clausesb think it n for sb to do+连词+clausesb think it no n(usegood-) doing (except need)sb appreciate it +连词+ clausesb leave it to sb to do+连词+从句sb owe it to sb +连词+ clausesb bring it to sb +连词+ clausesb take it for granted+连词+ clausesb keep it in mind +连词+ clausesb think it adj for sb

16、 to do+连词+clausesb think it n for sb to do+连词+clausesb think it no n(usegood-) doing (except need)sb appreciate it +连词+ clause14It 常可代替不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在句中作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句子后面。为方便记忆，我们可将it 作形式宾语的句型称为6123结构。 指主句中常用的动词：think， believe， make， find, consider， feel； 指的是形式宾语it； 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 指的是真正宾语的三

17、种形式：不定式短语，动 名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 it 作形式宾语We think it important to learn English.151. -There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and bottow ? -No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. 2007 陕西卷 A. it;one B. one;one C. one;it D. it;it2. Little joy can equal _ of a surprising ending when you

18、 read stories. 2007 四川卷 A. that B. those C. any D. Some3. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.2007 天津卷 A. this B. that C. it D. these164. （2011福建21） We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it

19、 5. （2010全国II 14）The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it6. （2010陕西卷12）The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 7. (2011天津1) We feel _ our duty to make our country a bett

20、er place. A. it B. this C. that D. one171. _ (WhetherIfThatIt) the experientment will be carried out is not known. =?2. _ (ThatThisItAs) is not clear when he will attend the meeting. =?3. _(ThatThisItAs) is known to everybody , the moon travels round the earth once every month. =?形式主语高考真题It be adjnd

21、onevi+连词+clauseto do doing=连词+clauseto do doing+be adjndonevi18It is obvious that going for sports will do a lot of good to your health. =?19Its a pity that the Chinese team didnt attend the World Cup in South Africa this year. =?201. It is clear ( obvious,true,certain.) that . 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是th

22、at 引导的主语从句，常译为清楚（显然，真的，肯定）是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is important ( necessary，strange，natural.) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，It is important that we (shou

23、ld) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 21 2. It is said (reported， learned.) that . 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. It is suggested

24、( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 223. It happens (seems，appears) that. 该句型中it

25、是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 It looks ( seems ) as if . 该句型中it无意义， as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，看起来好象如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It looks as if he were i

26、ll. （没有生病） It seemed as if he were dying. 234. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 5. It is time ( about

27、time ，high time ) that . 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省，常译为该到做-的时侯-了 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 248：It be +n+连词+从句 的特殊句式结构1. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态

28、，。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 2. It is up to sb. to do sth 应由某人做某事。It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.253. It is +一段时间+since

29、 .。 since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is 5 years since his father died. It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）264. It is . when .。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的

30、 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 5. It waswill be+段时间+ before+从句 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will not be long before he finishes his job. 27It will be +段时间+before+clause:要过-才

31、-It will not be+段时间+before+clause:用不了-就-It will be several years before we meet again. 我们要过好几年才能再见面。It will not be long before they set out for the front.用不了多久他们就会出发去前线。特殊句型：28 was+时间段+before “-之后-才” It was not+时间段+before “没过就” It was two hours before the fireman arrived here. It was not five minute

32、s before the fireman arrived here.两个小时之后消防员才到.没过五分钟消防员就到了.291.Its years _(since, before, after, that) I painted this beautiful picture.2.It will be years _(since, before, after, that) I paint this beautiful picture.3.It was years _(since, before, after,that) I painted this beautiful picture.4.Its fo

33、r years _(since, before, after, that) Ihave painted this beautiful picture.易误辨析: 表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，译为“自从.以来已多久了” It is +时间段+since(过去时).表示从过去某一时间到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“-之后-才/就做了”It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)表示从现在起到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才会/就会做”It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)_

34、30Translate the following:过了很久他才回来. 2. 我们很久后才会见面的.3. 我离开这所学校已经很久了.It was long before he came back.It will be long before we meet again.It is long since I left this school.It is +时间段+since(过去时).It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)易误辨析:31在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有: make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间

35、forget it 别提了，忘了它吧Dont mention it 别提了，表示不用谢It doesnt matter 没关系It(That) depends 视情况而定You guessed it 你猜着了Its hard to say 很难说 32Practice33 判断对错(每句最多有两处错误 ) It was this morning while I finished my task. It is up to you to make the choice. It happened that I was out when he called. It is not easy finish

36、ing the work in two days. It is not a good habit staying up late. It is no use to cry over spilt milk. It is a pity that you dont read this book. It looks as if it were going to rain. It is the second time that I was told the rules here. It is time that we protect our environment. It is evident that

37、 he is telling a lie now.It is demanded that he goes to school on time. 34It was with a strong belief that Martin Luther king led mang movements against racial discrimination.35It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. iIt is / was +

38、被强调的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分强调句型高考真题It is was not until +被强调的部分+that+句子其他成分36 It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears? A. tha

39、t where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which ; where C. that ; where D. which; that强调句型被强调的部分是not until引导的时间 状语?强调句型用于疑问句, 被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词?In which play is it that?It is thatIs it that?I d

40、ont know in which play it is that强调句型和各种从句高考热点?371.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do_ benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D.what 2. I dont know_he had been. Awhere was it B. it was where C. where it was that D. it was where that 3.It was _he came back from

41、 Afica that year_he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when ; then B. not, until Cnot until;that D.only;when correct: It is the school gate that I met him.at38Thank you39走进高考40Exercise Bar41 3. (2000,上海) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who

42、 it is 正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。42 4. (2007, 全国)Have you heard the latest news? No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的latest news。5. (2006,全国) If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 正确答案：C。help是“阻止、避免”的意思，it

43、指代下文的事情。6. (2002,北京) -He was nearly drowned once.-When was _? -_ was 1998 when he was in Middle School. A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This 正确答案：A。it指时间。 439. (2004,北京) The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. A、This is B、There is C、That is D

44、、It is 正确答案：D由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。10. (2005,上海)_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 正确答案：C 。it为形式主语，在此结构中done为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必须用should +

45、动词原形，且should可以省略。4411. (2004,上海春) It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished. A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to 正确答案：B。短语辨析题，refer to有“参考”的意思，符合句意。12. (2006,全国) It is no _ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. A.

46、use B. help C. time D. way 分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。14. (2006,湖南)As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 正确答案：D。真正宾语为不定式。 4515. (2005,江苏)Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree,

47、but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 正确答案：B。表示“理应如此”需用should动词原形，should可以省略。在做it形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果从句表示的是“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，需用should动词原形，should可以省略。4617、(2003,上海) I will appreciate it _ you call back this

48、afternoon for the doctors appointment.A、until B、if C、when D、that正确答案：B。18. (1998，上海) Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 正确答案：D。take it for

49、granted that 意为：想当然的认为某事。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句。另外我们也应该注意：depend(rely) on it（相信某事）和see to it（负责某事）的用法。 19. (2008,全国) It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 正确答案：A。将it was去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查it的强调句型。4720. (2004,福建) It was with great joy _ he received the news t

50、hat his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that正确答案：D。 21. (1997,全国) Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert? A. you B. not you C. yourself D. that yourself 正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉It is/wasthat结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。22. Is _student _was c

51、aught smoking in the classroom? A. it that, that B. that it, it C. it it, that D. it which, that 正确答案：A。 4823. (2004,上海) Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 正确答案：A。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：wh- +is/was it that +其它成分，故

52、选B。24. (2005,山东)-_ that he managed to get the information? -Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 正确答案：C。 4925. (2007,浙江) It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was; when B. was that; that C. wasnt u

53、ntil; when D. wasnt until; that 正确答案：D。易判断这是考查not until的强调形式。 26. (2008，重庆) It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C. while D. as 正确答案：A。 27. (2007,山东)Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm _we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where正确答案：D。答句完整形式应为：It wa

54、s on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.5028. -Who made such a stupid mistake?-_Tom. A. It was B. He was C. That was D. There was 正确答案：A。答句完整形式应为：It was Tom who made such a stupid mistake.29. It was the university _ he was teaching _ sent him to America. A. which; that B. where; that C. that; whi