一轮复习译林版选修Unit3Theworldonline

1、一轮复习译林版选修Unit 3The world online. 立体记单词 快速识记1. _ (n. ) 命令；控制；掌握 (vt. ) 命令；指挥；控制2. _ (vt. ) 宣称，断言；索取，认领 (n. ) 声明，断言；索款，索赔3. _ (vi. ) 通信；相一致，符合；相当于4. _ (vt. ) 探讨，解决，处理；向说话；称呼(某人)5. _ (adj. ) 虚假的，伪造的；错误的；人造的6. _ (vi. & vt. ) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)commandclaimcorrespondaddressfalsewithdraw7. _ (vt. ) 使担心，使

2、害怕，使警觉 (n. ) 警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟8. _ (vt. ) 分类，归类9. _ (adj. ) 具体的，明确的；特定的；独特的10. _ (vi. & vt. ) 花费时间、精力(做某事)；打扰，给某 人造成麻烦11. _ (adj. )大量的，充裕的_ (n. )大量，丰盛，充裕alarmclassifyspecificbotherabundantabundance12. _ (adj. )多种多样的，形形色色的_ (n. )多样性，多样化13. _ (vt. )评估，评价_ (n. )评估，评价14. _ (n. )准确性；精确度_ (adj. )准确的，精确的15. _ (n

3、. )缺点，不足；弱点；虚弱，衰弱_ (adj. )虚弱的，无力的16. _ (n. )参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人_ (vi. )谈到；查阅；参考diversediversityevaluateevaluationaccuracyaccurateweaknessweakreferencerefer17. _ (n. )能力，胜任；技能，本领_ (adj. )足以胜任的，有能力的18. _ (vt. )放弃；抛弃，舍弃_ (adj. )被抛弃的，被遗弃的19. _ (n. )约会，预约；任命，委任_ (vt. )任命，委任；指定(时间、地点)20. _ (n. )资格，资历_ (vt

4、. & vi. )(使)具有资格，合格_ (adj. )有资格的，胜任的competencecompetentabandonabandonedappointmentappointqualificationqualifyqualified21. _ (adj. )紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的_ (n. )关联，切题_ (adj. )不相关的，无关紧要的22. _ (n. )改正，纠正，修正_ (adj. )正确的；(vt. )改正，纠正23. _ (vt. )承认，认可；感谢_ (n. )承认；感谢relevantrelevanceirrelevantcorrectioncorrect

5、acknowledgeacknowledgement【语境应用】用所给单词的正确形式填空The teacher _ that he should go out of the classroom. (command)Hundreds of people _ with our school to say thanks. (correspond)We need _ how well the policy is working. (evaluate)The newspaper _ all the advertising the other day. (withdraw)commandedcorresp

6、ondedto evaluatewithdrewThe computer _ questions by level of difficulty. (classify)They _ at the news that war might break out. (alarm)She made an _ for her son to see the doctor. (appoint)I wrote down the name of the hotel for future _. (refer)classifieswere alarmedappointmentreference. 多维练短语 查缺补漏*

7、1. _ 向求助；翻到(某一页)；转向*2. _ 更有甚者，更为重要的是*3. _ 上交4. _ 最新的；现代的；时髦的*5. _ 退学，辍学；退出，脱离6. _ 过去常常做某事7. _ 因缺少turn towhat is morehand inup to datedrop outused to do sth.for lack of8. keep. . . in mind _*9. comb (through) sth. (for) _10. a bunch of _*11. search for _12. have positive effects on _*13. at someones

8、command _14. tend to do sth. _15. be likely to do sth. _将记在心中仔细搜寻一串，一束；大量，大批搜寻，寻找对有积极影响受某人支配易于做某事，往往会发生某事很可能做某事【语境应用】选用上面带星号的短语填空The beautiful woman has a lot of young men _. Marta _ a box of old photos，looking for the baby portrait. He enjoyed the meal and _，he ate it up. Can you please _ me when y

9、oure speaking? Jack _ of college after his first year. at her commandcombed (through)what was moreturn todropped out. 超级仿句式 模仿经典1. What do you think the most important benefit of the Internet is？(疑问词do you think陈述语序)【仿写】你认为谁是今年茅盾文学奖的得主？_ the winner of the Mao Dun Literature Award this year? Who do y

10、ou think will be2. Without the Internet，these people would have fewer avenues to meet people. (without引导含蓄虚拟语气)【仿写】没有你的帮助，我就不会通过考试。_, I would have failed in the examination. Without your help3. The more you know about Internet research, the faster you will find what you are looking for, and the bett

11、er informed you will be. (the+adj. /adv. 的比较级，the+adj. /adv. 的比较级)【仿写】你认识的人越多，见他们的时间就越少。_, the less time you have to see them. The more people you know4. There are several things to take into consideration when you are searching. (there be句型)【仿写】今天没有什么重要的事要做。_There is nothing important to do today.5

12、. Usually，people try to put correct information on the Internet，but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections. (not every表部分否定)【仿写】并非所有的孩子都想成为电影明星。_Not every child wants to become a film star.6. Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet

13、will be much more worthwhile. (祈使句and陈述句) 【仿写】好好休息，很快你就会痊愈的。_, and soon you will be well again. Take a good rest. 重点单词1. command v. 命令；指挥；控制 n. 命令；控制；掌握【思维激活试一试】Captain Picard commanded the crew to walk to the main deck. (同义句转换)Captain Picard commanded that the crew _ _ _ the main deck. (should)walk

14、to【知识构建记一记】command sb. to do. . . 命令某人做command that. . . (should) do. . . 命令at ones command 受某人支配have a good command of 掌握，精通take command of 指挥，控制Im at your commandwhat would you like me to do? 我听从你的吩咐你要我做什么？Only when you have a good command of vocabulary, will reading no longer be your obstacle. 只有

15、掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。【对接高考做一做】(2013浙江高考)她不精通英语。She didnt _ English. have a good command of【拓展延伸】 (1)command作“命令”讲，可接复合宾语，也可接宾语从句，但在接宾语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可省略。(2)后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气的动词：一个“坚持”(insist)两条“命令”(order，command)三则“建议”(suggest，advise，propose)四点“要求”(demand，desire，require，request)2. aband

16、on vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃【思维激活试一试】The officers and crew prepared _ _ _ _ in an orderly fashion. 全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。toabandontheship【知识构建记一记】(1)abandon oneself to . . . 沉溺于；纵情于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事with abandon 放任地；放纵地；纵情地(2)abandoned adj. 废弃的；被遗弃的(2014陕西高考)I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced w

17、ith some other less-competitive event. 我希望运动会能被遗弃，用其他不太具有竞争性的项目代替。She abandoned herself to this kind of pleasure and did nothing. 她沉溺于这种享受中，什么也不干。The young people sang and danced with abandon at the party last night. 在昨晚的晚会上，这些年轻人尽情地载歌载舞。【拓展延伸】 “放弃”之辨abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”, 尤其指遗弃以前负有责任的人或物。例如: She aban

18、doned her child. 她抛弃了自己的孩子。desert强调“违背允诺、誓言或责任”, 尤其指“背叛、擅离职守”。例如: The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那个士兵叛国投敌了。quit指停止或放弃信仰、行动、工作等。例如: quit smoking停止吸烟; quit the job辞职。3. qualification n. 资格；资历【思维激活试一试】They had every _ _ success. 他们具备获得成功的各种条件。qualificationfor【知识构建记一记】qualificati

19、on for 的资格 qualification to do sth. 有资格去做某事qualify for 合格；有的资格 qualify as 取得资格；作为合适You have all qualifications to do the job. 你有资格做这份工作。This degree will qualify you for teaching. 这个学位将使你有资格当教师。 4. relevant adj. 重要的；有关的；相关的；切题的【思维激活试一试】What you said _ _ _ the subject. 你说的与这个话题无关。isntrelevantto【知识构建记一

20、记】be relevant to 和有关have relevance to 与有关His nationality has no relevance to whether he is a good lawyer. 他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。5. bother v. 打扰；操心；n. 烦扰【思维激活试一试】用适当的介词填空Dont bother _ getting dinner for me. Dont bother me _ little things like that. aboutwith【知识构建记一记】bother about 为某事烦恼bother sb. with sth.

21、 为某事打扰某人bother to do sth. 特意(地)做某事bother oneself about 为操心/焦虑/困扰He is always bothering me to lend him money, which makes me upset. 他总来缠着我，向我借钱，这使我很生气。【拓展延伸】bother打搅、麻烦, 指为某事使他人操心, 给他人造成不便, 常与介词with或about搭配interrupt突然中断, 打断他人的言语或行为disturb为较正式用词, 多用于被动语态, 指扰乱, 使人不能平静或妨碍别人的工作、思维或正常秩序, 是程度较深的烦恼【要点拾遗】1.

22、correspond v. 通信；相一致，符合；相当于【思维激活试一试】Your action must _ _ your words. 你言行必须一致。correspondto/with【知识构建记一记】correspond to/with 和一致correspond with 和通信in correspondence with 与有通信联系She still corresponds with American friends she met nine years ago. 她仍与9年前结识的美国朋友们通信。The two maps of London correspond closely.

23、 这两张伦敦地图很相似。2. classify vt. 分类；归类【思维激活试一试】Mails in the post office _ _ _ according to places where they are to go. 邮局里的信件通常按寄送地点分类。areoftenclassified【知识构建记一记】classify sb. /sth. (as sth. )=group. . . into 将某人/某物归类be classified into. . . 划分成；分类成be classified by 按照分类classified advertisements 分类广告Biolog

24、ists classify animals and plants into different groups. 生物学家把动物和植物分成不同的类别。It is required that the books in the library (should) be classified by subject. 按要求图书馆里的图书要根据科目分类。3. acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢；告知收到【思维激活试一试】Its universally acknowledged that he is the best player in the world. (改为简单句)He is univ

25、ersally _ _ _ the best player in the world. acknowledgedtobe【知识构建记一记】(1)It is universally acknowledged that. . . 是大家公认的acknowledge sb. /sth. to be/as. . . 承认某人/某物是acknowledge doing sth. /having done sth. 承认做了某事acknowledge that. . . 承认(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；致谢；答谢The leader of the factory had to ack

26、nowledge releasing chemical waste into the river. 工厂领导不得不承认往河里排放了化学废物。Naylor acknowledged，in a letter to the judge，that he was a drug addict. 内勒在给法官的信中承认自己吸毒。【熟词生义猜一猜】I am telephoning to acknowledge receipt of your letter of July 25. A. 告知(信件、礼物等)已收到 B. 承认 C. 感谢答案：A【即学即练】单项填空1. (2015长沙模拟)The army re

27、ceived a command that they _ to the front immediately. A. would marchB. must marchC. should march D. were marching【解析】选C。句意: 军队接到了一项命令他们应立刻向前线行军。command在此为名词, 同位语从句解释说明command的内容, 从句要用虚拟语气, 即从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。2. (2015蚌埠模拟)The written record of our conversation doesnt _ what was actually said. The

28、re are a lot of mistakes. A. correspond with B. relate toC. look into D. compare with【解析】选A。句意: 我们谈话的书面记录和我们实际说的不一致。上面有很多错误。correspond with“与一致”, 符合句意。relate to“和有关”; look into“调查”; compare with“和相比”。3. (2015宿迁模拟)I know this is not quite the right word, but I cant be _ to think of a better one. A. d

29、isturbed B. botheredC. troubled D. worried【解析】选B。句意: 我知道这个词不完全准确, 但我不想费心再想一个更恰当的了。bother“费心, 麻烦”, cant be bothered to do sth. “不想费力做某事”。disturb“打扰, 妨碍, 使不安”; trouble“麻烦”; worry“焦躁不安”。4. Our _ resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages of developing their businesses. A. genero

30、us B. limitedC. narrow D. abundant【解析】选D。句意: 我们丰富的资源及稳定的政策为外国人提供了发展他们的公司的有利条件。abundant“丰富的”, 符合句意。generous“慷慨的”; limited“有限的”; narrow“窄的”。5. (2015南通知名中学模拟)The US government threatened that it would _ all its investment from the country if the country didnt reduce the customs duties. A. take B. moveC

31、. withdraw D. draw【解析】选C。句意: 美国政府威胁如果这个国家不减少海关各种关税, 它将会从这个国家撤回所有投资。withdraw“撤回”, 符合句意。take“拿出”; move“移动”; draw“提取”。. 常考短语1. turn to 转身；求助于；致力于【思维激活试一试】When you arrive at the first crossing，_ _ the left. 当你到达第一个十字路口时，向左转。turnto【知识构建记一记】turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn down 拒绝；关小；调低turn out 结果是；证明是take

32、turns to do. . . /in doing. . . 轮流做in turn 依次，轮流；相应地by turns 轮流地I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turn to my parents. 我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。As it turned out, he lost his job because of being late frequently. 结果，因为经常迟到，他丢了工作。2. drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离【思维激活试一试】Peter _ _ before completing the race

33、because of his injury. 因为受伤，彼得在比赛还未结束时就退出了。droppedout【知识构建记一记】drop behind 落后drop down 倒下；突然停止drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人drop into 顺路到；陷入状态drop off 下降，减少；打盹儿，小睡drop by/in/round 顺便拜访，顺便进入She dropped out of college. 她大学中途辍学了。If you are in our neighbourhood, be sure to drop in on us. 如果你到我们社区来，一定要来我们这儿玩。【要点拾遗

34、】keep. . . in mind 记住，牢记【思维激活试一试】Its a good idea and Ill _ _ _ _. 这是个好主意，我要记在心里。 keepitinmind【知识构建记一记】have sth. /sb. in mind 心中考虑到某物/人change ones mind 改变主意make up ones mind 下定决心call/bring. . . to mind 使想起；回忆Never mind! 不要紧/没关系/不用担心！Thats not what I had in mind. 我想要的不是那个。【即学即练】. 用适当的介词、副词填空1. We must

35、 keep _ mind that pride goes before a fall. 2. I think there are other things to take _ consideration there. 3. Since were League members, we should set a good example _ others. 4. If you love someone, you will like all that belongs _ him. 5. Can you drop the kids _ at school this morning? inintoto

36、tooff6. I cant tell my parents about it; I dont know who to turn _. 7. The manager drops in _ the boss office several times a day. 8. The letters PRC stand _ the Peoples Republic of China. toatfor. 完成句子1. He was running for monitor, but _ (退出) when he knew he couldnt win. 2. The police and the volun

37、teers _ the forest _(仔细搜寻)the lost puma from the zoo. 3. My son gave me _(一束) beautiful flowers and a beautiful sweater last Mothers Day. 4. Do not hesitate to _(向求助)us if you are in difficulty. 5. We told him that our services were completely _(受他支配). dropped outcombedfora bunch ofturn toat his com

38、mand6. He learns easily and _(而且), he remembers what he has learnt. 7. Time goes by quietly and the past doesnt _(属于) us. 8. People usually eat mooncakes which _(代表)a happy reunion on Mid-Autumn Day. 9. What you have told me may _(有影响) to my own position. 10. I would very much appreciate it if you c

39、ould _ our suggestion _(把考虑在内). what is morebelong tostand formake a differencetakeinto consideration. 单项填空1. Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for his adventure course _ at the last moment. A. left out B. got outC. passed out D. dropped out【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意: 理查德先生感到很失

40、望, 因为很多报名参加他的冒险课程的学生在最后时刻退出了。drop out“退出, 脱离”, 符合句意。【加固训练】(2015南京模拟)On the way to the Summer Palace, we _ Beijing University. A. dropped off B. dropped out ofC. dropped into D. dropped behind【解析】选C。句意: 去颐和园的路上我们顺便去参观了北京大学。drop off“减少”; drop out of“退出”; drop into“顺路进入”; drop behind“落后”。2. I dropped i

41、n _ her on my way home. A. at B. for C. on D. to【解析】选C。句意: 在回家的途中, 我顺便拜访了她。drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人, 符合题意。3. Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesnt know whom to _ . A. turn to B. look for C. turn against D. turn around【解析】选A。句意: 她在使用新电脑方面遇到了许多困难, 但她不知道向谁求助。turn to sb. 向某人求助,

42、 符合句意。4. (2015苏南五校联考)New computers are soon out of date since newer models are _ constantly. A. turned up B. turned outC. turned down D. turned over【解析】选B。句意: 由于更加新型的电脑不断地被生产出来, 新电脑很快就会过时。turn up出现; turn down拒绝; turn over翻身, 翻转。turn out为及物动词短语, 意为“生产或制造”。newer models与turn out之间为被动关系, 故应用被动语态。【误区警示】本

43、题易误选A项, 但turn up意为“appear(出现)”时为不及物动词短语, 没有被动语态。5. (2015衡阳模拟)Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _ , is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn toC. for whom to turn D. for her to turn【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 为什么她总是向你寻求帮助? 这里没有她能寻求帮助的其他人, 不是吗? turn to sb. “向某人寻求帮助”, 此处sb. 为先行词, 在定语从

44、句中作宾语。. 经典句式1. Usually，people try to put correct information on the Internet，but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections. 通常人们会把正确的信息放到互联网上，但是并不是每个人都费心去阅读自己的写作和矫正错误。【思维激活试一试】句型转换Every one of them doesnt like English. _Everything is not bad. _Not every one of them

45、 likes English.Not everything is bad.【知识构建记一记】 含有全体意义的代词all，both，everyone，everybody，everything和全体意义的副词，如everywhere，always，together等用于否定结构时只表示部分否定。I couldnt understand every word. 我不是每个单词都能听懂【拓展延伸】 当句子中出现no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never等否定词时，表示全部否定。2. Follow these tips, and your tim

46、e spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile. 遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就会更加值得。【思维激活试一试】仿写句子_ be admitted to a key university. 更加努力学习你就会考上名牌大学。Work harder and you will【知识构建记一记】(1)“祈使句and陈述句”句型。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。(2)祈使句or/otherwise陈述句。(3)在“祈使句并列连词陈述句”句型中，也可以用“名词并列连

47、词陈述句”表示。Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you. 人必自敬，然后人敬之。A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist. 要是我早来几分钟，就能见到那位著名的科学家了。【误区点拨悟一悟】(1)当陈述句是一般将来时或一般现在时的时候，祈使句可转换成真实条件句。(2)当陈述句的谓语动词是would/should/could/might + 动词原形或完成式时， 祈使句可转换成非真实条件句。(3)该句型重点是对连接词的考查。and表示前后两句是顺承关

48、系，or表示选择关系。【要点拾遗】Without the Internet，these people would have fewer avenues to meet people. 如果没有因特网的话，这些人和别人见面的途径就更少了。【思维激活试一试】句型转换If there were no electricity, human life would be different today. _ _, human life would be different today. 如果没有电，人类现在的生活将会不同。Withoutelectricity【知识构建记一记】 without the In

49、ternet相当于if there was no Internet。有时假设的情况并不以条件句的形式出现，而通过一些介词短语表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句，常用于这种句式的词或短语有or，otherwise，with，without，but for等。She came here yesterday, otherwise/or I would not have met her. 她昨天来这里了，否则我就不会遇到她了。If it had not been for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier. =But for the storm,

50、I would have arrived much earlier. 要不是暴风雨，我就会早到些了。【即学即练】. 完成句子1. _ you would be a good fit for this job? 为什么你认为自己非常适合这项工作？2. I _ without your support. 没有你们的支援，我是不会成功的。 3. _ the chance, _ you will regret it. 抓住机会吧， 否则你会遗憾的。4. _ youll succeed. 再努力一下，你会成功。Why do you thinkwouldnt have succeededTakeor/otherwiseOne more eff