第二季度国际贸易趋势

1、Value of G20 merchandise trade at new high in Q2 2021 but signs of easing growthThe second quarter of 2021 saw international merchandise trade for the G20, as measured in seasonally adjusted current US dollars, reach a new high following the record levels already posted in Q1 2021. G20 merchandise e

2、xports and imports increased by 4.1% and 6.4% in Q2 2021 compared to the previous quarter, showing a slowdown compared with the rates posted in Q1 2021 (8.6% and 8.5% for exports and imports, respectively). Like in the previous quarter, rising commodity prices explain a large part of the increase, a

3、s congestion in international shipping and supply issues around semiconductors placed further pressure on the price of traded goods.The G20 economies more reliant on exports of primary commodities saw strong export growth in Q2 2021, a combination of increasing prices, limited global supply (e.g. co

4、pper) and strong demand (particularly from China, Japan and Korea). Australias exports increased 10.0% in Q2 2021, on the back of rising sales of cereals, metals and coal. Brazilian exports rose by 29.4%, driven by iron ores and soybeans. Russian exports grew 30.7% in Q2 2021, mostly benefiting from

5、 increasing energy prices.Merchandise trade values in North America reached an all-time high in Q2 2021. Canadas exports were up 4.7%, driven by energy and forestry products. Imports rose by 3.6%, with metals and pharmaceutical products playing a large part. Mexico also recorded solid growth in the

6、quarter, exports up 3.3% and imports up 5.1%. The United States recorded growth of 6.8% for exports in Q2 2021, led by aircraft, pharmaceuticals and semiconductors and with strong demand from Canada and Mexico. Imports in the quarter rose 4.2%, with robust imports of mobile phones and despite sluggi

7、sh purchases of vehicles.European G20 economies saw international trade increase notably in aircraft, agriculture products and pharmaceuticals, fuelled in particular by demand from China and the United States. In Q2 2021 the European Union recorded export growth of 2.8% and import growth of 5.7% (Fr

8、ance 1.3% and 2.9%, Germany 1.3% and 6.3%, and Italy 4.0% and 6.4%). In the United Kingdom, exports rose 12.3% and imports 11.3% in Q2 2021, a strong rebound following the Q1 slowdown.The rise in commodity prices was a factor in imports increasing faster than exports in the East Asian G20 economies

9、in Q2 2021. Exports from Japan and Korea grew by 2.7% and 2.2%, while imports rose by 7.4% and 11.8%, respectively, with trade in vehicles and parts driving the increase in particular for Korea. Following the staggering (18.6%) growth in the previous quarter, Chinese exports declined by 2.5% in Q2.

10、Imports, instead, continued to expand (up 10.9%), with purchases of agricultural products, metals and semiconductors remaining strong.G20 merchandise tradeBased on figures in current prices (billion US dollars), seasonally adjustedQuarterly levelsQuarter-on-quarter percentage changesSource: HYPERLIN

11、K /Index.aspx?DataSetCode=MEI_TRD OECD Statistics and Data Directorate. Visit the interactive HYPERLINK /trade/trade-in-goods.htm#indicator-chart OECD Data Portal to explore these data further.G20 trade in services growth gaining pace in Q2 2021Q2 2021 growth in services exports and imports for the

12、G20 aggregate is estimated (based on preliminary information available for a subset of the G20 economies) at around 4.5% and 4.0%, respectively, compared to the previous quarter and measured in seasonally adjusted US dollars. This compares to the slower rate recorded in Q1 (2.9% for exports and impo

13、rts).The further surge in shipping costs in Q2 2021 continued to boost trade in transport services across most G20 economies, while trade in digitally deliverable services, such as telecommunications, computer and business services, remained strong. Travel, although still severely affected by the CO

14、VID-19 containment measures and threatened by the emergence of variants, showed an uptick in Q2.Exports of services from the United States and Canada grew by 3.6% and 1.7%, respectively, in Q2 2021. Imports recorded faster growth (7.2% and 8.0%), driven by travel in the United States and by financia

15、l services in Canada. Services trade in Brazil also experienced strong growth, with exports and imports expanding by 6.8% and 5.5%, respectively.In Europe, both exports and imports of services picked up in Germany in Q2, up by respectively 4.2% and 5.4%, with imports fuelled by a nearly 30% increase

16、 in travel expenditure. Travel and financial services also boosted French exports of services (up 5.6%), while imports remained almost flat (up 0.4%) on lower purchases of transport services. Conversely, trade in services contracted in the United Kingdom (minus 0.4% and minus 2.2% for exports and im

17、ports). Russian exports rose 5.7% while imports contracted by 7.3% (due to a slowdown in purchases of business services). Turkeys exports and imports increased by 5.8% and 2.3%.With the exception of Australian exports (down 0.5%), trade in services continued to expand markedly in Asia-Pacific. Expor

18、ts and imports increased by 8.1% and 15.9%, respectively, in Korea, with a jump in travel imports (up 20.1%) adding to the continuing growth in business, telecommunication and computer services. Similarly, Japanese exports and imports rose by 4.7% and 8.4%, with travel and business services expandin

19、g at a faster rate on the import side. Chinese exports increased by 7.4%, largely driven by soaring transport receipts, while imports rose 2.3% on higher purchases of business and transport services. A partial and temporary border opening boosted Australias travel imports (4.5 times higher than in t

20、he previous quarter, but still at very low levels), which contributed to the 8.9% increase in imports of total services.G20 trade in servicesBased on figures in current prices (billion US dollars), seasonally adjustedQuarterly levelsQuarter-on-quarter percentage changesSource: HYPERLINK /Index.aspx?

21、DataSetCode=MEI_BOP6 OECD Statistics and Data Directorate and national sources. Visit the interactive HYPERLINK /trade/trade-in-services.htm#indicator-chart OECD Data Portal to explore these data further.Note: The Q2 2021 trade in services values are preliminary estimates based on available data, co

22、vering about 60% of exports and imports for the G20 aggregate.G20 quarterly international merchandise tradePercentage change on the previous quarter (current US dollars, seasonally adjusted)Quarters2019 Q32019 Q42020 Q12020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2G20Exports-0.7%-0.7%-5.2%-16.3%21.4%7.4%8.6%4.

23、1%Imports-1.9%-1.4%-3.4%-15.9%17.2%7.4%8.5%6.4%ArgentinaExports5.3%11.0%-14.5%-13.9%5.3%-4.6%34.4%4.7%Imports-2.7%-9.8%-2.6%-16.0%11.8%26.0%12.5%4.8%AustraliaExports-0.3%-6.9%-5.7%-2.7%2.1%12.0%17.4%10.0%Imports-3.8%0.5%-8.0%-2.9%9.1%9.4%11.1%0.8%BrazilExports1.0%-3.1%-6.1%-1.3%1.7%1.2%14.6%29.4%Imp

24、orts6.2%-7.4%5.2%-22.6%-2.3%26.9%10.8%13.7%CanadaExports-1.9%-1.8%-5.1%-26.6%31.8%5.0%10.9%4.7%Imports-0.3%-2.3%-3.7%-24.7%32.8%4.9%3.5%3.6%ChinaExports0.4%-2.0%-12.0%16.6%7.8%5.3%18.6%-2.5%Imports-4.6%0.5%-3.6%-1.3%7.3%2.6%18.6%10.9%EU 27Exports-1.2%0.8%-3.3%-21.4%28.0%8.1%4.4%2.8%Imports-1.7%-0.3%

25、-3.7%-19.0%23.8%7.3%5.7%5.7%FranceExports-3.3%0.1%-6.7%-29.2%35.8%9.3%2.9%1.3%Imports-2.1%-0.6%-7.5%-20.7%30.5%3.9%5.0%2.9%GermanyExports-0.7%0.7%-3.6%-22.6%28.0%8.3%4.4%1.3%Imports-2.0%0.2%-2.0%-16.1%18.7%7.7%4.6%6.3%IndiaExports-3.1%0.9%-10.0%-27.8%44.7%1.3%12.8%13.0%Imports-7.6%-3.3%-3.1%-46.2%47

26、.7%22.4%23.3%-6.6%IndonesiaExports6.7%-1.1%1.3%-17.6%13.2%12.8%12.4%8.6%Imports3.8%-2.2%-7.2%-18.4%0.9%10.5%23.6%9.3%ItalyExports-1.0%2.2%-6.0%-27.3%41.6%8.7%3.1%4.0%Imports-1.0%-2.0%-6.2%-23.6%31.7%8.6%5.9%6.4%JapanExports2.4%-2.9%-3.8%-20.4%18.1%14.0%3.0%2.7%Imports1.2%-4.3%-6.3%-5.6%-3.6%7.2%9.7%

27、7.4%KoreaExports-1.5%-0.8%1.2%-19.3%18.8%7.3%9.3%2.2%Imports-3.1%-3.5%-1.0%-8.8%4.8%3.6%13.4%11.8%MexicoExports-1.9%-3.1%1.3%-35.3%49.9%7.6%0.3%3.3%Imports-1.4%-4.1%-1.3%-29.0%20.0%13.4%12.4%5.1%RussiaExports0.3%-5.7%-10.2%-17.1%8.4%2.9%13.7%30.7%Imports0.1%1.1%-5.7%-7.8%5.5%5.3%13.2%13.9%Saudi Arab

28、iaExports-8.2%-3.5%-12.9%-36.4%27.3%2.1%33.3%Imports0.9%-4.0%-10.6%-4.2%2.8%7.1%6.0%South AfricaExports-2.1%-2.3%4.6%-32.3%40.9%14.1%17.2%21.7%Imports-4.6%-5.4%-6.7%-27.6%12.1%20.8%12.6%12.6%TurkeyExports2.3%0.6%-4.8%-25.0%34.0%11.4%5.8%7.7%Imports2.2%5.0%3.5%-25.2%35.7%7.0%1.5%1.6%United KingdomExp

29、orts-1.8%1.2%-8.0%-24.5%23.0%12.2%-5.4%12.3%Imports-2.0%-0.1%-5.6%-25.9%28.8%18.2%-10.5%11.3%United StatesExports-0.5%-0.5%-2.6%-27.0%23.0%7.6%6.3%6.8%Imports-1.3%-3.1%-2.0%-14.1%17.3%5.9%6.2%4.2%G20 quarterly international merchandise tradeCurrent prices (billion US dollars), seasonally adjustedQua

30、rters2019Q22019Q32019Q42020Q12020Q22020Q32020Q42021Q12021Q2G20Exports3651.33626.83599.73413.12856.73467.53725.64046.94212.9Imports3719.63648.23598.93475.62923.33427.53682.03994.54251.9ArgentinaExports15.115.917.715.113.013.713.117.618.4Imports12.512.211.010.79.010.012.614.214.9AustraliaExports70.069

31、.864.961.259.660.868.179.987.9Imports54.252.152.448.146.851.055.862.062.5BrazilExports56.657.255.452.051.352.252.860.578.4Imports43.946.643.245.435.134.343.548.254.9CanadaExports115.0112.8110.7105.177.2101.8106.8118.5124.0Imports113.9113.5110.9106.880.4106.7112.0115.8120.1ChinaExports621.0623.2610.9

32、537.8627.4676.1712.0844.1822.9Imports536.1511.2514.0495.6489.1524.7538.1638.5707.8EU 27Exports1457.71440.71452.11403.71102.91411.31525.61593.51638.6Imports1396.31372.31367.91317.31067.51322.01418.01499.21584.6FranceExports145.3140.5140.7131.392.9126.2137.9141.9143.7Imports165.5162.0161.0149.0118.215

33、4.2160.3168.3173.3GermanyExports371.4368.9371.5358.2277.2354.7384.0401.1406.2Imports310.1303.9304.5298.3250.2297.0319.7334.4355.4IndiaExports81.979.480.172.152.075.276.285.997.1Imports128.8119.1115.1111.560.088.7108.5133.8125.0IndonesiaExports40.042.742.242.835.239.945.050.654.9Imports42.143.742.839

34、.732.432.736.144.748.8ItalyExports134.3133.0135.9127.892.9131.5142.9147.3153.1Imports120.4119.3116.8109.683.7110.2119.7126.7134.8JapanExports175.6179.8174.5167.8133.5157.6179.7185.1190.2Imports181.9184.0176.1165.0155.8150.1160.9176.4189.4KoreaExports136.5134.5133.4135.0109.0129.5138.9151.8155.1Impor

35、ts130.6126.6122.2120.9110.3115.6119.8135.8151.8MexicoExports117.9115.7112.0113.673.5110.1118.4118.8122.8Imports116.0114.3109.6108.276.892.2104.6117.6123.6RussiaExports106.6106.9100.990.675.181.483.895.2124.5Imports63.863.864.560.856.159.262.370.680.3Saudi ArabiaExports68.963.361.153.233.843.043.958.

36、5Imports39.339.738.134.132.633.535.938.1South AfricaExports23.022.522.023.015.621.925.029.335.7Imports23.222.120.919.514.115.819.121.524.3TurkeyExports44.345.345.643.432.543.648.651.455.4Imports51.252.354.956.842.557.661.762.663.6United KingdomExports109.9107.9109.2100.475.893.3104.699.0111.1Imports

37、152.7149.7149.7141.3104.7134.8159.4142.7158.8United StatesExports411.4409.4407.2396.4289.4356.0383.2407.3435.0Imports633.1624.8605.7593.9510.1598.4633.6672.9701.0G20 quarterly international trade in servicesPercentage change on the previous quarter (current US dollars, seasonally adjusted)Quarters20

38、19 Q32019 Q42020 Q12020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021Q2*G20Exports-0.3%0.2%-7.6%-19.3%6.5%10.1%2.9%4.0%Imports-3.0%0.6%-6.7%-23.2%7.4%6.6%2.9%4.5%ArgentinaExports-1.8%-1.2%-6.2%-37.9%-6.2%-3.9%-2.5%Imports-6.9%-10.1%-15.4%-30.2%-0.6%0.6%-14.8%AustraliaExports1.0%1.4%-18.0%-25.8%2.2%5.6%-2.3%-0.5%Impor

39、ts-1.0%-0.5%-16.5%-49.7%5.6%10.2%8.5%8.9%BrazilExports12.4%-7.8%-2.4%-19.6%-3.5%13.8%6.4%6.8%Imports-6.0%0.4%-8.8%-32.5%7.9%4.6%0.5%5.5%CanadaExports2.3%0.4%-11.9%-16.0%3.7%5.7%2.8%1.7%Imports0.8%2.5%-3.1%-34.9%4.8%4.6%2.6%8.0%ChinaExports1.7%0.0%-9.5%2.8%3.5%6.7%16.4%7.4%Imports-2.2%-2.2%-15.7%-15.

40、3%5.6%1.4%2.5%2.3%EU 27Exports0.5%1.3%-6.6%-20.5%6.7%18.5%0.9%Imports-13.9%5.6%2.7%-26.2%7.5%5.7%4.5%FranceExports-2.5%-3.1%-8.6%-10.0%6.9%4.2%4.4%5.6%Imports0.5%-1.3%-6.7%-15.8%10.2%6.0%4.1%0.4%GermanyExports-2.3%-3.4%-3.2%-13.2%6.3%2.9%3.4%4.2%Imports-4.7%-2.2%-5.7%-19.5%8.4%0.1%1.7%5.4%IndiaExpor

41、ts-1.6%-0.1%-2.8%-6.1%3.2%2.6%6.1%Imports-3.2%0.3%-6.8%-9.0%6.3%0.0%8.1%IndonesiaExports7.0%-3.7%-23.7%-51.0%-9.3%11.6%2.6%Imports-2.8%-8.1%-17.0%-20.6%-10.0%-3.6%4.4%ItalyExports-9.4%-6.7%-12.2%-25.0%15.6%3.4%0.0%Imports-2.7%-5.6%-11.3%-18.5%2.5%6.7%4.5%JapanExports1.5%-4.9%-15.1%-9.8%-3.7%4.2%1.9%

42、4.7%Imports7.7%-7.8%-2.8%-7.0%-2.0%-0.9%3.0%8.4%KoreaExports-4.5%0.7%-8.8%-14.6%4.5%19.3%3.3%8.1%Imports-3.2%-1.3%-10.3%-13.6%2.5%7.6%-2.4%15.9%MexicoExports-5.7%1.1%-5.2%-75.1%91.8%26.3%-10.6%Imports9.3%-9.3%-1.4%-40.3%11.3%12.1%26.0%Russian FederationExports2.9%-5.0%-0.4%-33.8%3.2%17.1%2.6%5.7%Imp

43、orts5.5%-4.8%-6.0%-48.4%9.8%29.3%-7.8%-7.3%Saudi ArabiaExports-9.6%-18.9%-25.7%-37.0%-12.4%-2.0%0.1%Imports-1.2%15.2%-32.0%-2.7%-21.1%24.0%27.1%South AfricaExports-3.6%-14.3%-9.3%-48.2%0.8%-7.4%1.7%Imports-4.3%-1.1%-13.2%-39.6%5.7%12.7%1.7%TurkeyExports-14.6%-16.6%-13.0%-48.4%16.3%19.2%5.8%5.8%Impor

44、ts3.7%-3.1%5.2%-26.7%9.6%15.5%2.7%2.3%United KingdomExports-1.5%4.8%-9.7%-16.9%4.7%5.2%2.3%-0.4%Imports2.8%1.0%-12.5%-24.0%2.7%3.0%1.4%-2.2%United StatesExports-0.8%0.8%-9.7%-17.1%0.7%5.0%0.6%3.6%Imports0.2%-0.6%-10.1%-24.6%7.6%9.5%1.5%7.2%G20 quarterly international trade in servicesCurrent prices

45、(billion US dollars), seasonally adjustedQuarters2019Q22019Q32019Q42020Q12020Q22020Q32020Q42021Q12021Q2*G20Exports1193.31189.91192.01101.8889.3947.41043.21073.11116.1Imports1157.51122.61129.41053.8809.6869.4926.7953.8996.9ArgentinaExports3.73.73.63.42.12.01.91.9Imports5.35.04.53.82.62.62.62.2Austral

46、iaExports17.617.818.114.811.011.211.911.611.5Imports18.218.017.914.97.57.98.79.510.3BrazilExports8.29.28.58.36.66.47.37.88.3Imports18.217.117.215.610.611.411.912.012.6CanadaExports26.026.626.723.619.820.521.722.322.7Imports29.930.230.930.019.520.421.421.923.7ChinaExports60.561.561.555.657.259.263.27

47、3.578.9Imports129.2126.4123.6104.288.393.394.797.099.2EU 27Exports286.3287.7291.6272.4216.6231.1273.9276.3Imports288.7248.6262.6269.8199.1214.1226.3236.4FranceExports76.274.372.065.859.263.365.968.972.7Imports67.868.167.362.752.858.261.764.364.5GermanyExports90.988.785.782.971.976.478.781.484.8Impor

48、ts98.794.192.086.769.875.775.777.081.2IndiaExports54.453.553.551.948.850.451.754.8Imports33.432.332.430.227.529.229.231.6IndonesiaExports7.88.38.06.13.02.73.03.1Imports10.310.09.27.76.15.55.35.5ItalyExports33.530.328.324.818.621.522.222.2Imports32.231.329.526.221.321.923.424.4JapanExports53.554.351.

49、643.839.538.139.740.442.3Imports54.358.553.952.448.847.847.448.852.9KoreaExports27.025.825.923.620.221.125.226.028.1Imports33.532.532.028.724.825.427.426.730.9MexicoExports8.17.67.77.31.83.54.43.9Imports9.610.59.59.45.66.27.08.8RussiaExports15.515.915.115.110.010.312.112.413.1Imports24.625.924.723.2

50、12.013.117.015.614.5Saudi ArabiaExports6.96.35.13.82.42.12.02.0Imports18.818.621.514.614.211.213.917.7South AfricaExports3.93.83.32.91.51.51.41.5Imports4.13.93.83.32.02.12.42.4TurkeyExports19.316.513.712.06.27.28.69.19.6Imports6.97.27.07.35.45.96.87.07.1United KingdomExports101.6100.1104.994.878.782

51、.586.888.788.4Imports67.469.370.061.346.647.849.249.948.8United StatesExports220.8218.9220.7199.3165.2166.4174.7175.9182.2Imports148.8149.2148.2133.2100.5108.2118.4120.2128.8G20 economies: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the Uni