模块五和六选修语法讲义

1、简单课程讲义学科：英语专题：选修 6：Unit4 Helpeople around the world 语法主讲教师：八十中高级教师 HYPERLINK http:/w/ http:/w市海淀区上地东路 1 号动力E 座 702B4008-110-818免费总机：开篇语if 省略句在条件句中可省略 if, 把 were, had, should 提到句首, 变为倒装句式。If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come ea

2、rr, you would catch the bus. Had you come earr, you would catch the bus. If it should raomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it raomorrow, we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。如：可以说：Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.但不能说：Werent it for the expense, I would

3、go abroad now.题一：Had I known about this computA. would have been savedC. will be savedrogram, a huge amount of time and energy.B. had been savedD. was saved题二：the clouds, you would find the airplanehe sky easily.A. Had it not been forC. If id not been forB. If it were notD. Were it not for题三：Had you

4、 listened to the doctor, you now.C. would beA. areB. wereD. would have been含蓄条件句含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总出现 if 引导的条件句，而通过其他替条件句。来代I was illt day. Otherwise, I would have taken parthe sports meet. (副词)Heephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. (连词)A man who stoppe

5、d drinking water would be dead in about seven days. （定语从句）I mighve given you more help, but I was too busy. (连词)Everything takeno consideration, they would have raised their output quickly. (独立主格结构)题四：They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them.A. mighve diedB. might dieC.

6、 would dieD. could die题五：He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. will come错综条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before

7、, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years time.题六：You come earr. The bus left a moment ago.A. wouldB. should haveC. mayD. have用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with, without, but for。如：What would you do wimillion dollars? ( = if you had a million dollars)We couldnve

8、 finished the work ahead of time without your help.( = if we hadnt got your help)But for the rain ( = If idnt been for the rain ), we would have finished the work.题七：Ithrought bitteriod without your generous help.A. couldnve goneB. didnt goC. wouldnt goD. hadnt gone题八：We Johns name on the race list

9、yesterday but for his recent injury.A. will putB. will have putC. would putD. would have put题九：But for the help of my English teacher, Ithe Competition.prizehe English WritingA. would not winB. would nove wonC. would winD. would have won题十：Without the leadership of the Party, there nChina.C. should

10、beA. would beB. has beenD. was用于 It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：Advisable, decided, crul, appropriate, determined,ded, arranged, essential, compd,anxious, imperative, important, desirable, better, insistent, desired, asked, keen, incredible,adamant, natural, insisted, nesary, suggested, urgent, orde

11、red, shocked, vital,sible, strange,preferable, proed, requested, required,mended, resolved, probable, pity, shame题十一：It is stranget the littoy speak two foreign languages.A. couldB. canC. shouldD. would题十二：It is highly desirableA. was madet every effort to reduce pollution in Beijing.B. be madeC. wi

12、ll be madeD. would be made题十三：It is importantA. speakt I with Mr. Williams immediay.B. spokeC. will speakD. to speakt 虚拟句以外，也可以 forto do 来表达，一般情况下，注意：这类形容词后面除了可接意思没It is essential差别。t he should be prepared for this.It is essential for him to be prepared for this.由连接词 in case, sot ,unless, lest ,for

13、feart 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即 should (might, would)+动词。She put a blet over the baby for feart he should catch a cold.The bad man was puthe soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.题十四：He makes a note of the assignment lest heit.A. fetsB. fetC. will fetD. will not fet题十五：Hes working hard for fearA. shou

14、ld fall behindC. may fall behindt he .B. fell behindD. would fallen behind用于 if only 引导的感叹句中If only I were a flying bird!= How I wish I were a flying bird!If only I had seen the film!= How I wish I had seen the film!题十六：If only I a few days ago！Then I wouldnve been feeling so worried now.A. looked a

15、headC. were to look aheadB. could look aheadD. had looked ahead虚拟语气用在 as if (as though), even if (even though) 中如果从句表示的动作指现在状况，则用过去时；如果表示的动作发生在过去，则用过去完成时；如果指将来的动作，则用过去将来时。如：He looks as if he were an artist.She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. Even if he were here,

16、 he could not solve the problem.题十七：He you more help, even though he was very busy.A. mighve givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give题十八：He is talking so much about America as if he there.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. has gone虚拟语气用于定语从句中It is (high) time (t) 句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或 should + 动词（其中

17、should 不能省略）。此句型意为“（现在）该”，用来表示提议。It is (high) timeIt is (high) timet you went to school.t we should start out.题十九：It is high time weA. did away withC. did awaydrug trafficking.B. do away withD. should do away with题二十：You look so tired tonight. It is time you.A. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to be

18、dD. went to bed用于、mand、insist、demand、request、require、proe等动词后的宾语从句中。宾语从句中的动词形式用“should+动词”，should 可以省略。We suggestedThey insistedt the meeting (should) be put off.t the boy (should) go with them.题二十一：He gave ordersA. be finishedt the experiment before 5:30pm.B. will finishC. must be finishedD. should

19、 finished题二十二：The young man insistedA. did; setC. should do; be sett he nothing wrong and free.B. had done; should be setD. had done; must be set题二十三：“Who should go to see Li Ying? He is ill today.”“I suggest Wang Hong.”A. goesB. would goC. goD. wentsuggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，不用虚拟语气；如：His fauggestedt he was

20、 very sad.insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，不用虚拟语气；如：The man insisted my littrother was a thief.题二十四：She insistedt she not guilty , but we insistedt she o prison.A. was; be putC. should be; was putB. be ; was putD. was; should put课后拓展练习注：此部分为老师根据本讲课程内容为大家精选的课下拓展题目，故不在课堂中讲解，请同学们课下自己练习并对照详解进行自测.题一：Whenn is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A. were brokenB.breaksC. has brokenD.havebeen broken题二：