高考英语易错题专题训练-阅读理解练习题附详细答案

1、一、高中英语阅读理解.阅读理解When you live in total messinesscookies in your pants draws, and some old New Yorkers or apple seeds in your bedits hard to know where to look for when you lose your keys. The other day, after two weeks of searching, I found my keys in the refrigerator. I cant say I was surprised. But

2、 I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD(多动症),when I was a junior at Yale.According to a new study, 11% of school-age children have received an ADHD diagnosis, a 16% increase since 2007. And rising diagnoses mean rising treatmentsdrugs like Adderall are more accessible than ever. However; the

3、 consequences of misuse and abuse of these drugs are dangerous.Yet also harmful are the consequences of ADHD undiagnosed, an all-too-common story for women like me, who have symptoms, like disorganization and forgetfulness, which look different from those typically expressed in males.Dr. Ellen, auth

4、or of Understanding Girls with ADHD, has found around 4 million females with ADHD are not diagnosed. HThe main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive (过度活跃)young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyp

5、eractive boys. Ellen says.Besides, the idea that young women actually have ADHD often causes skepticism. As a top student, I didn*t believe my diagnosis at first. My friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided.“Often, if girls are smart or in supportive homes, symptoms are

6、 masked/1 Dr.Ellen says. Girls will hide their inability to meet social expectations. They see their trouble organizing, and concentrating as character flaws(缺陷)These years, I am both embarrassed and exhausted by my struggles to keep track of objects, but drug has helped it and made it more bearable

7、. 1) The writer presents the first paragraph to.A. air her view with an exampleB. bring up the topic of the passageC. show young peoples messinessD. prove Yale also has ADHD studentsMany female with ADHD are not diagnosed mainly because.A.the diagnostic criteria are made according to male ADHDB.they

8、 are smart enough to mask their ADHD symptomsC.they dont view their trouble as symptoms of ADHDD.women ADHD are more hyperactive than young boysWhat does the word skepticism11 in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A.panic.B.stubbornness.C.debate.D.doubt.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Why female AD

9、HD patients develop the disease.B.Why many female ADHD patients are undiagnosed.C.How young ADHD patients are cured of the disease.D.How much help ADHD patients can get from medication.【答案】(1)BADB【解析】【分析】文章借由作者的亲身经历讲述女性多动症不容易被诊断出来的原因。(1)推理判断题，根据文章第一段的结构和But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with

10、ADHD (多动症)，when I was a junior at Yale.以及下文关于多动症的内容可知，作者讲述第 一段的目的是为了引出下文关于多动症的话题，故选B项。(2)细行理解题* 根据文章第四段的 The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive (过度活跃)young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like

11、hyperactive boys.可知诊断多动症的标 准是基于过度活跃的年轻男孩来制定的，所以很难诊断出女孩，除非她们的行为像过度活 跃的男孩，故选A项。(3)词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的 As a top student, I didnt believe my diagnosis at first.My friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided口J知作者一开 始不相信多动症的诊断结果，她的朋友也很困惑，认为是医生诊断错误，即她们都怀疑医 生的诊断，故推测画线部分的意思是“怀疑，故选D项。(4

12、)主旨大意题。文章第三段主要讲述女性多动症的症状和男性不同；第四段主要讲述 女孩很难被诊断出多动症，因为诊断标准是按男性制定的；第五段主要讲述女性自己会怀 疑诊断结果：第六段主要讲述女性会把多动症症状隐藏起来。综上所述，本文主要讲述女 性不容易被诊断出多动症的原因，故选B项。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细h.理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题， 细行理解题要注意从文中寻找答案：推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词 义猜测题要结合划线词所在语境，推测词义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找 出中心思想.阅读理解Some things should just be comm

13、on knowledge by now. The Earth isnt flat. Nope, your hair and nails don*t grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and wont choke to death. It*s debatable whether that last one there is common knowledge or not

14、. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a question, shows articles addressing this point going back several years, with the latest (re)appearing just this week over on ScienceAlert. We suppose its one of those things that come up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yell

15、owstone with a nuclear weapon (not much, as it turns out).If you jump over to Bics website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly states: uThe reason that some BIC pens have a hole in their cap is to prevent the cap from completely obstructing the airway if accidentally bre

16、athed in. This is requested by the international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large to be a choking risk.That*s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers, we thought wed share a few more random f

17、acts about Bic that are probably going to come up in a pub quiz one day. Did you know for example, that each Bic ballpoint pen can produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried

18、 out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔)，and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.The best part of the Bic site, however; is this rather curious fact: 11100 percent of pen balls are made through a highly-controlled process.11 As opposed to a highly uncontrolled process, involving ex

19、plosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?A. To list the facts.B. To prove his point.C. To compare the two situations.D. To emphasize the importance of safety.What does the underlined word obstructing in paragraph 2 mean?A. Block.B. O

20、pen.C. Transform.D. Narrow.Why were the writing tests on pens carried out?A. To work out their lifespan.B. To assure their good quality.C. To prove some random facts.D. To compare different pens with each other.In what tone does the author develop the text?A. Critical.B. Acid.C. Humorous.D. Serious.

21、【答案】(1)BABC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗心的 使用者不小心存下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。(1)考查推理判断。毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就 像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观 点，故选(2)考查词义猜测。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽存下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止 笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。(3)考查细节理解 根据第三段中的In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tes

22、ts on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔),and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.”可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能 够达到最高的标准，故选B。(4)考查推理判断 根据第一段中的Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn!t flat. Nope, your hair and nails dont grow after you di

23、e,和第三段中的 Thats rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细行理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅 读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解Do you have a talented young artist, photographer, or designer in your life? It*s n

24、ever too early to start helping them get their work out there! Weve rounded up the top art competitions for kids and teens that can help these young creators share their first masterpiece with the world. Most of them are totally free to enter!Global Canvas Childrens Art CompetitionAges: 16 and under

25、 Mediums: drawing, paintingOrganized by the David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation, this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth. The judges are looking for artists to discover the wonderful places that wildlife calls home.Toyota Dream Car

26、 Art ContestAges: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, paintingTime to design a dream car! Toyota wants to get junior artists thinking about what the future of transportation might look like. Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.Ad

27、vena World Childrens Art CompetitionAges: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, painting, photos and other original artworksThe competition aims to promote creativity and self-expression. Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelingsanything from sadness or joy to a

28、nger or excitementthrough their chosen medium.Progressive Young Artists AwardsOpen to: high school and college students Mediums: drawing, painting, photograph, mixed media, sculpturePYAA is all about expressing and celebrating progressive values. So, if there is a creative teen in your life who want

29、s to do good in the world, sign him or her up for this art competition. The prize is a scholarship that winners can put forwards their post-secondary schooling.Which of the following favors the environment?A. Advena World Childrens Art Competition. B. Global Canvas Childrens Art Competition.C. Toyot

30、a Dream Car Art Contest.D. Progressive Young Artists Awards.What prize can the winner get at Toyota Dream Car Art Contest?A. A dream car. B. A scholarship. C. A tour of a factory. D. An amount of cash.What is special about Advena World Childrens Art Competition?A. It has no fixed theme.B. It has an

31、entrance fee.C. The prize is a scholarship.D. Its participants are the youngest.【答案】(1)BCA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有助于孩子展示艺术才华的四大比赛。(1)考查细行理解。根据 Global Canvas Childrens Art Competition 部分中的“this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth.可知，它的

32、目的就是使下一代更加关注如何呵护地球环境。故选丸(2 )考查细方理解 根据 Toyota Dream Car Art Contest 部分中的“Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.“可知， 奖 励包括游览丰田汽车工厂。故选C。(3)考查细节理解。纵观全文并进行细致比较可知Global Canvas Childrens Art Competition关注的是地球环境：Toyota Dream Car Art C

33、ontest则着眼与未来的交通: Progressive Young Artists Awards 困绕的是未来的价值观：唯有 Advena World Childrens Art Competition 没有设置主题,这可以从 Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelingsanything from sadness or joy to anger or excitement 得知本比赛 没有主题，只是让参加者表达他们的想法。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细行理解题型的考

34、查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节 信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。读理解A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs。豚鼠)for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts

35、and asked me to pick one, rd cast a careful glance and ask Why?” before grabbing the apple pie.So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to Think about five things for which youre grateful every day for a week!11 my response was

36、frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer; the director of our schools Psychological Services Clinic. Whats with the gratitude thing? I asked. You dont

37、ask an academic question -even a simple one unless youre prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. Thats when I first heard the term positive psychology. The gratitude thing, as I had called it, was but one small and simple element of the practice. Kind of like training the brain

38、 to focus on joy/1 my friend Heidi explained. ,lt,s only a week,11 she urged. Try it.1 I did. And guess what? It worked.Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldnt get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husban

39、d. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. Hes a great cook. He always puts our family first.Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I

40、 wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, Im rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I cant change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.And all it took was a little gratitude.Whats the auth

41、ors attitude toward the student with desserts?D. Supportive.A. Cautious.B. Respectful.C. Indifferent.Why was the author doubtful about the instructions?Because she thought it wasn*t worth the effort.Because she didnt like expressing thanks often.Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.Be

42、cause she could do five things every day easily.What does Collie Conoley suggest the author should do?A. Be grateful to her wonderful husband.C. Be a great cook and put her family first.(4) Whats the best title for the text?B. Be thankful for things but not people.D. Be specific about what she*s tha

43、nkful for.Dont Be Bothered by Small ThingsC. Practicing Gratitude Changed My Life【答案】(1)AWe Can Change Everything If We WantD. Being Grateful to One Good PersonADC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在一个星期的时间里，作者坚持每天都能发现 五件她特别感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。生活永远不会完美。但通过这么一个简单 的练习，作者重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，亳无怨言地去改变我 能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的

44、区别。这只需要一点感激之情。(1)考查推理判断a 根据第一段中的If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, Id cast a careful glance and ask Why? before grabbing the apple pie.如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室，让我挑选一 种，在抓苹果派之前，我会仔细地看一眼，然后问为什么?”可知，作者在抓苹果派之前， 会仔细地看一眼，然后问为什么?、可知，作者对带甜点的学生持有逆慎的态度

45、。故选 Ao(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。我算了算。连续7天每天做5件事，甚至连吃苹果 派的承诺都没有，那就太费脑力了。可推知，作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求 充满怀疑，认为太费脑力、不值得去做。故选A。(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段

46、中的But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. Hes a great cook. He always puts our family first.但是另一位积极心理学家柯利,康诺利建议道，我可以每 天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。他是个很棒的厨师。他总是把我们的家庭放在 第一位。可知，柯利康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。由此可知，

47、柯利康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。故选D。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, Im rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can*t change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通过一个简单的练习，我 重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，亳无怨言地去改变

48、我能改变的，并 且足够明智地知道两者的区别)可知，练习表达感激，改变了作者的观念和生活。由此可 知选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细行理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考 生需要准确捕捉细节信息。并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解More than great drinks, great rewardsEnjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our Loyalty Program!Whenever you pay with your membership account, youll ear

49、n a Star.Collect more Stars, earn more rewards.Three ways to join usBuy a Starbucks Card handy to create an accountTrack your Stars online or through the mobile app, and well send an email when youve earned a reward.You can also join from your phone.Download the Starbucks App.One of the most excitin

50、g benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.Enter your Starcode (limit: 2 per day)Look for the Starcode symbol o

51、n specially marked Starbucks products where you buy groceries. Three levels with increasingly greater rewardsTo reach each level in our Loyalty Program, you need to collect more Stars. (Remember: to earn a Star; you must pay with a registered Starbucks Card.)Welcome levelTo earn your first rewards,

52、just register a Starbucks Card.Birthday drink or treat on us, birthday coupon (优惠券)for 15% off a purchase at StarbucksS.Green levelCollect 5 Stars within 12 months and youll be in the Green level.What is included in the Welcome level plusFree in-store refills (续机：)on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea

53、Gold levelCollect 30 Stars within 12 months and youll be at the Gold level.What is included in the Green level plusA free food or drink item after another 12 Stars earned Personalized Gold CardWhich of the following is a way you can apply for membership?To update the Starbucks App.To collect 5 stars

54、 within 12 month.To send an email to St a r b u c ksSt o .To enter a Starcode from specially marked Starbucks products.With a Starbucks Card of Green level, you will get.A. a free drink itemB. free in-store refillsC. personalized Gold CardD. all purchases 15% offWhich of the following statements is

55、TRUE?A.To earn a Star; you must pay by credit card.B.You can enter your Starcode three times a day.C.With the Starbucks App, you can view current offers.D.For Welcome level, you can refill iced brewed coffee or tea.【答案】DBC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会 员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们选择，并鼓励人们成为会员。(1)考查细行理解

56、。文章第二个黑色小标题Three ways to join us”三种方式加入我们，下 列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开个账户；通过手机上的 APP申请加入：在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标志。所以通过输入 在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员的方式。故选Do(2)考查细节理解。根据 Green level 部分中的“Free in-store refills (续杯)on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea”可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克 绿色会员，就可以免费续杯

57、。故选(3)考查细行理解。根据One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.可知，通过手机APP申请会员有以下几大好处：手机支付、查看你的星 级与奖励、可以听iTunes本周最佳选择、查看订单进度。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细行理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节 信

58、息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。6.阅读理解“If they hated me they didn*t talk to me about it/1 says a young German manager at a media firm in Frankfurt. Still, he says it was noticeable that when an employee 20 years older than him thanked him for buying lunch he had to swallow twice before adding the word boss.Older

59、 workers sometimes envy being managed by a younger colleague. Precocious (老成的) youngsters, too, can feel awkward about bossing their elders around. But in Germany a shortage of skilled workers means that such situations are becoming even more common.The countrys population is projected to shrink. As

60、 more Germans retire, fewer youngsters are entering the work-place to replace them. As a share of the working population the number of 15- to-24-year-olds has fallen by ten percent since the 1980s, says the German Federal Employment Agency. Firms competing to hire young talent have to promote them e