上海牛津高一英语专项练习(阅读)

1、 上海牛津高一英语专项练习（阅读）ReadingComprehensionPassageOneManypeoplehurttheirbackswhentheytrytoliftheavythingsfromthefloor.Itiseasytohurtyourbackmuscleswhenyoupickupaheavyobject.However,thereisacorrectwaytoliftthingsfromthefloorifyoupickuporliftheavyobjectscorrectly,youprobablywillnothurtyourback.Toliftsomethi

2、ngfromthefloorcorrectly,firstbendyourkneesandsquatdown.Keepyourbackstraight.Donotbendoverfromyourwaist;keepyourbackandhipsandwaistinaline.Ifyoubendover,themusclesinyourlowerbackcanbecomewoundedveryeasily.Ifyoukeepyourbackandhipsstronger,theyhavemuchmoresupport.Theothermusclescanthenhelpthelowerbackm

3、uscles.Asyousquatdown,trytogetasclosetotheobjectaspossible.Forexample,ifyouaregoingtopickupaheavybox,squatdowndirectlyinfrontofit.Maybeyouwillhavetospreadyourkneesandlegs.Putonekneeoneachsideofthebox.Rememberatalltimestokeepyourbackstraight.Putyourhandsundertheobjectsthatisinfrontofyou,betweenyourkn

4、ees.Toliftobjects,youshouldstandupslowly.Useyourlegmusclesinordertostandup.Inotherwords,liftwithyourlegs,notwithyourback.Ifyoutrytoliftheavythingsfromthefloor,.youwillhurtyourbackyoumayhurtyourbackyoumusthurtyourbackyouneverhurtyourbackAccordingtothepassage,howcanyouavoidhurtingyourselfwhileliftingt

5、hingsfromthefloor?Togetyourselfinsured.Nevertoliftheavythings.Tousethecorrectwaytoliftthings.Todobodyexercisestohavemorestrength.3Toliftaheavyobjectmainlydependsonyour.legsB.backC.kneesD.handsToliftaheavybox,themostimportantthingyoushoulddois.toputyourhandsundertheboxB.tobendyourkneesandsquatdownC.t

6、oputonekneeoneachsideofitD.tokeepyourbackstraightatalltimesWhenyouliftaheavything,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Keepingyourbackandhipsandwaistinaline.Puttingonekneeinfrontofthething.Standingupslowly.Puttingyourhandsunderthethingbetweenyourknees.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”squat”meaninthepassage?A.站B.蹲C

7、.爬D.糖Accordingtothepassage,whichpartofyourbodyismostlikelytobehurtwhileliftingheavythings?legsB.armsC.hipsD.backPassageTwoEVENTS（赛事）Bicycletour（旅行）andrace（比赛）AbiketourandracewillbeheldonAugust26and27（Sat.&Sun.）.At5:30a.m.theriderswillleaveTiananmenSquareandridethefirst35kilometersasatrainingleg.Then

8、thenext55kilometerleg,fromYanjiaotoJixian,willbethefirstcompetitivepartofthetour.TheridersandtheirbikeswillthenbetakenfromJixiantoChangli.ThesecondracinglegofthetourwillbefromChanglitotheseasideofNandaihe,coveringadistanceof20kilometers.SaturdaynightincludesthestayatNandaiheandsupper.Sundaymorningis

9、freeforplayattheseaside.AtnoonallthepeopleandtheirbikeswillbetakenbacktoBeijing.Cost:200yuanTelephone:4675027RockclimbingTheThirdNationalRockClimbingCompetitionwillbeheldonAugust26-27attheHuairouMountain-climbingTrainingBase.Morethan10teamsfromBeijing,Wuhan,Dalian,Jilinandotherplaceswilltakepartinit

10、.AJapaneseteamwillgiveanexhibitiveclimbing.Freeforspectators观众）TakelongdistancebusfromDongzhimentoHuairou.Time/Dates:9-12a.m.,August26and27Telephone;7143117,7144850,WangZhengHuaThemainpurposeofannouncingtheaboveeventsistogiveinformationTOC o 1-5 h zabout.visitingteamsB.famousplayersC.thingstodoforth

11、eweekendD.pricestopayforthesportseventsIfyoutakepartinthebiketour,youwillridefor.35kilometersB.55kilometersC.75kilometersD.110kilometersTheunderlinedword“leg”in“Bicycletourandrace”probablymeans.walkB.practiceC.partofthetrainingD.partofthetour11.Whatisspecialabouttherockclimbingcompetition?Aforeignte

12、amtakespartinit.YoucanwatchitwithoutpayingC.YoudonthavetobeasportsmantotakepartD.ThebustriptotheplacethecompetitionisfreePassageThree“Dependonyourself”iswhatnaturesaystoeveryone.Parentscanhelpyou.Teacherscanhelpyou.Otherscanstillhelpyou.Butalltheseonlyhelpyoutohelpyourself.Therehavebeenmanygreatmeni

13、nhistory.Butmanyofthemwereverypoorinchildhood,andhadnouncles,auntsorfriendstohelpthem.Schoolswerefewandnotverygood.Theycouldnotdependuponthemforaneducation.Theysawhowitwas,andsettoworkwithalltheirstrengthtoknowsomething.Theyworkedtheirownwayuptofame.OneofthemostfamousteachersinEnglandusedtotellhispu

14、pils,“Icannotmakeveritymenofyou,butIcanhelpyoumakemenofyourselves.”Someyoungmenhavenoideatobethetoponeinanything;andtheyaretobepitied.Theycanneverachievemuchunlesstheyseetheirweakpointsandchangetheircourage.Theyarenothingnow,andwillbenothingaslongastheylive,unlesstheyaccepttheadviceoftheirparentandt

15、eachers,anddependontheirownhonestefforts.12.“Dependonyourself”inthispassagemeans.relyonnatureB.waitforotherstohelpC.relyonyourowneffortsD.countonyourparentshelpManyofthegreatmeninhistorysucceedbecause.theywereverypoorinchildhoodtheywantedverymuchtobecomefamoustheymadegreateffortstolearnandworktheyco

16、uldnotdependonschoolsforaneducationAccordingtothefamousteacherinEngland,ateachercan.makehispupilsworthymenhelphispupilsfindawaytofamehelphispupilsmakethemselvesusefulmenD.makehispupilsmenofstrengthandcourageIfyoungpeopledependontheirownefforts,.theyaretobepitiedB.theycanbeambitioustheyarenothingfore

17、verD.theycanbesuccessfulintheircareersThebesttitleforthispassageis.A.HowtoBeFamousB.WhatNatureSaystoEveryManC.DependonYourselfDependonOthersPassageFourAustraliaisnearlyaslargeastheUnitedStates,butmostofitistoodryforpeopletolivein.Aroundtheedgeofthishugedrypartarelargesheepandcattlefarms.Afewofthemar

18、easlargeasthesmalleststatesinAmerica.Oftenthenearestneighborsaremanyhundredmilesaway.Thetwo-wayradioisveryimportanttopeoplewholiveonthesegreatAustraliafarms.Itworksmuchlikeatelephone.Apersoncanlistentosomeoneelsetalkandthengiveananswer.Whentheseradiosfirstcameintouse,theAustraliagovernmentsetupaspec

19、ialtwo-wayradioprogramme.Thenpeopleonthelargefarmscouldtalktoadoctorhundredsofmilesaway.Theycouldtellthedoctoraboutsomeonewhowassick,andthedoctorcouldletthemknowhowtocareforthesickperson.Sincethelargefarmsweresofarfromtowns,thechildrencouldnotgotoschool.Radioschoolsweresetupfortheminsomeareas.Atacer

20、taintimeeachday,theboysandgirlsturnontheirradiosandlistentoteachersincitiesmilesaway.Familiesonthelargefarmswantedtogivenewstotheirneighbors.“Roundrobin”talksbyradiowerestartedtokeepfamiliesintouchwitheachother.Theycouldtalkaboutwhowasgoingawayorwhowassickorwhowasgettingmarried.Themencouldtalkaboutt

21、heirsheepandcattleandhowmuchmoneythemarketswouldpayforthem.InmanywaystheradiobecameanewspaperforthefarmpeopleofAustralia.Thispassagetellsussomethingabout.howlargeAustraliaisB.whytheradioisimportantinAustraliaC.howtheradioisusedinAustraliaD.bothBandCAustraliaisAmerica.justaslargeasB.almostthesamesize

22、asC.largerthanD.aslargeasthesmalleststateinHowmanyexamplesweregivenbythewritertoshowtheuseofradioonthegreatfarms?OnlyoneB.TwoC.ThreeD.fourThetwo-wayradioissomethinglikeatelephonebecausetheradiohastwotelephonesyoucantalktoandlistentosomebodybyradiothegovernmentsetupaspecialtwo-wayradioprogrammepeople

23、couldtalktoadoctorhundredsofmilesawayFamiliesonthelargefarmskeptintouchwitheachotherbyA.radioB.anewspaperC.abirdbothBandCPassageFiveTheearthhasaforcethatpullsthingstowarditself.Wecallthisforcegravity.Thisissomethingwelivewithallthetimeandwetakeitforgrantedandhardlyeverthinkaboutit.Butitisamostimport

24、antfactorinrocketoperationandmustbeovercomeifwearetogetanywhereinspaceoroffthegroundatall.Takethethrowingofaballasanexample.Thehardertheballisthrown,thefasterandhigheritwillgo.Whatisthesecret?Itsspeed.Ifwecouldthrowtheballhardenoughitwouldgoupandupforeverandnevercomedown.Thespeedatwhichitwouldhaveto

25、bethrowntodothisisknownasescapespeed.Ofcourse,wecannotthrowaballhardenoughbecausethespeedrequiredtoescapecompletelyfromtheEarthsgravityissevenmilespersecond,orovertwenty-fivethousandmilesperhour.Onceescapespeedhasbeenreachedbyaspacecraft,nofurtherpowerisneeded.Arocketaimedatthemoon,forinstance,will“

26、coast”（滑行）therestofthewaybecausetheEarthsgravitycannotthenpullitback,andthereisnoairresistanceinspacetoslowitdown.This“coast”isknownas“freefall”.Thatdoesnotmeantherocketisfallingdown,towardstheearthbutthatitistravelingfreelyinspacewithouttheaidofpower,likeabicyclecoastingdownhill.Freefallisanimporta

27、ntfeatureofspacetravelasitwouldbeimpossibletocarryenoughfueltoprovidepoweredflightallthetime.WhatisthemostimportantfactorforarockettoescapefromtheEarth?TotravelasfastasitcanToovercometheEarthgravityTogetawayfromtheairresistanceTohavestrongpowerinitsoperationHowfastwillarocketgotoescapecompletelyfrom

28、theEarthsgravity?SeventymilespersecondSeventhousandmilesperhourTwenty-fivethousandmilespersecondTwenty-fivethousandmilesperhourAsthereisalwaystheEarthsgravitational（地心引力）pull,people.acceptitwithoutquestioningitB.nevernoticeitspresenceC.hardlythinkabouthowtouseit.D.oftentrytoescapefromitWhenabicycle“

29、coast”downhill,it.stillneedsmuchpowerdoesnotneedanyfurtherpowerrunsfreelytoalldirectionsdoesnotmeetwithairresistanceWhyisitnotnecessarytoprovidepoweredflightinspaceallthetime?A.FewspacecraftscompletetheirflightoperationB.TheEarthsgravitycannotbeovercomeC.Nofuturepowerisneededaftertheescapespeedisrea

30、chedD.“Freefall”takestheplaceoftheEarthsgravitypullPassageSixAresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgivenusatbirth,andnoamountofspecialeducationcanmakeageniusout

31、ofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofapersonsintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbes

32、upportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfromthepopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.I

33、f,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironment.Wemightse

34、ndone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Weshouldsoonfinddifferenceinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohave

35、similardegreeofintelligence.27.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatmansintelligenceisgiventohim.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation28.Ifachildisbornwithlowintelligence,hecan.A.neverbecomeageniusstillbecomeageniusifheshouldbegivenexceedhisintelligen

36、celimitsinrichsurroundingsnotreachhisintelligenceinhislife29.Inthesecondparagraph,“ifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfromthepopulation.”means“ifwe.”A.pickanytwopersonstakeouttwoidenticalpersonschoosetwopersonswhoarerelativeD.choosetwopersonswithdifferentintelligenceTheexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniver

37、sityandtoafactoryseparatelyshowstheimportanceoftheirintelligencetheroleofenvironmentonintelligencetheimportanceiftheirpositionsthepartthatbirthplaceThebesttitleofthispassagecanbe.A.SurroundingB.IntelligenceC.DependenceonEnvironmentD.EffectonEducationPassageSevenBillyis14yearsoldandintheninthgrade.He

38、hasapart-timejobwhichgetshimupeverymorningat5oclock.Heisanewspaperboy.Eachmorning,Billyleavesthehouseat5:15togotothecorner,wherethenewspapersare.Thenewspapersaredeliveredtothecornerbytruckatmidnight.Healwaystakesawagontocarrythem.Inthewinteritisstilldarkwhenhegetsup,butduringtherestoftheyearitisligh

39、t.Billymustdeliverthenewspaperstothehousesofpeopleonhisrouteinallkindsofweather.Hetriestoputeachpaperontheporchwhereitwillbeprotectedfromwindandrainorsnow.Hiscustomersthinkhedoesagoodjob.Sometimestheygivehimtips.Billyearnsabout70permonth,andheissavingsomeofthemoneytogotocollege.Hespendstherestonreco

40、rdsandclothes.Onceamonth,hehastocollectmoneyfromhiscustomers.Sincemanyofthemworkduringtheday,Billyhastocollectthemoneyatnight.Sometimes,whenBillyissickhisbrotherhastodeliverthenewspapers.Once,Billysfatherhadtohelp.Billyhasseventycustomsnow,buthehopestogetmoresoon.Somedayifhegetsmorecustomers,Billymi

41、ghtwinaprizeforbeinganoutstandingnewspaperboy.HewantstowinatriptoEurope,buthewillstillbehappyifhewinsanewbicycle.Keepingapart-timejobtellsusthatBilly.A.hastomakealivingbyhimselfcannotgetanysupportfromhisfamilyhastopayforhisschooltuitionisindependentandself-confidentHedidhiswork.A.perfectlywellB.twic

42、eaweekC.onlyforfunD.tosupporthisfamilyTodelivernewspapersmeans.A.topostnewspapersB.tosendnewspapersC.tosellnewspapersD.noneoftheaboveOneofthepurposesofdeliveringnewspaperisA.togetsomemoneyforcollegeeducationtohavesometipstohavemorecustomersnoneoftheaboveTheprizeforanoutstandingnewspaperboyis.A.atrip

43、toEuropeB.anewbicycleC.atipD.bothAandBPassageEightTreesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways;theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts,theygivehimshadeandtheyhelptopreventdroughtandflood.Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseseriousfactsisthemostimportant.Inhiseagernessto

44、makemoneyfromtrees,hehascutthemdowninlargenumbers.Andbesides,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafteryoungtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesntonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious,forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoil-allowingtheraintosinkinandalsobind（固定）thes

45、oil,thuspreventingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingremainsbutworthlessdesert.Twothousandyearsagoarichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarships,withwhichtogainitsel

46、fanempire.Itsetuptheempirebut,withoutitstrees,itssoilbecamepooranditgrewweak.Whentheempirefelltopieces,thehomecountryfounditselffacedwithfloodandstarvation.Themostimportantserviceoftreestomanisthat.theygivehimshadetheygivehimwoodandotherproductstheyhelphimmakemoneytheyhelphimpreventfloodanddroughtIn

47、manypartsoftheworldforestsslowlydisappearbecause.ManhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesmanytreeshavebeencutdownbymannewtreesarenotlookedafterproperlyalltheaboveFromthethirdparagraphofthepassagewecaninfer（推断）that.aheavyrainmightcauseaseriousfloodwheretherearenotreesforestscanpreventlandfrombeing

48、turnedintodesertwithouttreeswindscanbringalotofsandyoungtreesmustbeplantedwhileoldtreesarebeingcutdownThecountrymentionedinthepassagesufferedfromfloodsandstarvationbecause.A.itlostitstreesitspenttoomuchonitswarshipsitwasdefeatedbyitsenemycountriesandfelltopiecestherewasaheavyrainWhichtitlebestfitsth

49、epassage?A.HowanEmpireFellTheEconomicUsesofTreesTreesandMan.WhatCausesDroughtandFloodsPassageNineIwaswalkingalongOrchardRoadwhenIrealizedatallyoungmanwearingajacketandtiewasfollowingme.Inoticedhimbecausenotmanypeoplewearajacketandtieinthemiddleofahotsummerday,andIhadalreadyseenthismanfourtimesthataf

50、ternoon.Tomakesurehewasfollowingme,Iwalkedonquickly,turnedrightintoashoppingcenterandthenstoppedatanothershopwindow.Iwalkedonandstoppedseveraltimes.WhenIstopped,hestopped,too.Ibegantoberatherworriedanddecidedtotrytolosethisstrangeman.WhenIsawataxicoming,Ijumpedintoit.AsIwastellingthetaxidriverwheret

51、ogo,Ifoundthemangotintoanothertaxi,whichthenfollowedmine.AsthetwotaxisslowlymadetheirwayalongOrchardroad,Ilookedbackatthetaxibehind,andsawthatthestrangerwaslookingoutatme.AtMRTstation,ItoldthetaxidrivertostopandIgotout.AsIwaspayingmyfare,Isawthemanwasgettingoutofhistaxi.BynowIgotangry,soIturnedandwa

52、lkedstraighttohim.Iaskedhimwhyhewasfollowingme.Atfirsthesaidhewasnotfollowingmeatall,butwhenIthreatenedtocallthepolice,headmittedhewas.HethentoldmethathewasajournalistandthathewaswritinganarticleonhowelderlypeopleintheUnitedStatesspendtheirtime.Hesaidhewasobservingmetogathermaterialsforhisarticle.Th

53、ewriternoticedthatastrangemanwasfollowinghimbecause.A.thestrangerwasverytallthestrangerseemednervousthestrangeworetoomuchonahotdayD.thestrangersjacketandtielookedattractiveThewritergotintoataxiinorderto.A.gotoanothershoppingcenterB.gotoMRTstationC.followthestrangerD.losethestrangerWhatdidthestrangerdowhenthewriterjumpedintoataxi?A.ThestrangertriedogetintothesametaxiB.Thestrangertriedtostopthewriterstaxi.C.ThestrangergotintoanothertaxiandleftimmediatelyThestrangergotintoanothertaxiandcontinuedhisfollowingThewriterwasprobably.A.anAmeric