变电站工程-旋挖钻孔灌注桩技术交底单

1、We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of ev

2、aluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistan

3、ce. To constantly perfect ERP, and BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to

4、perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of training, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthen

5、ing Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medic

6、al, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of

7、zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to imple

8、mentation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize

9、trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance ma

10、nagement. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership constructionWe will continue to

11、 improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying

12、with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance. To constantly p

13、erfect ERP, and BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run m

14、aintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of training, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthening Humanities care

15、, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career

16、against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of zero risk. To stren

17、gthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-own

18、ed assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive

19、 to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To furthe

20、r quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction利用设在基坑边的固定泵输送砼到施工面，人工摊铺，平板振捣器振捣密实，用刮杠沿

21、模板顶将砼刮平，并用木抹搓平压实，确保砼密实和表面平整。砼浇注时埋设支立模板及钢筋支架所需预埋铁件play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work l

22、evel, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of

23、the traffic safety management mechanism. To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year,

24、 we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fig

25、ht more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the sta

26、ff in the new year, good health, happy, happy!利用设在基坑边的固定泵输送砼到施工面，人工摊铺，平板振捣器振捣密实，用刮杠沿模板顶将砼刮平，并用木抹搓平压实，确保砼密实和表面平整。砼浇注时埋设支立模板及钢筋支架所需预埋铁件play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company developme

27、nt in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety man

28、agement, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today i

29、s lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusi

30、astic and full of confidence. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The o

31、ccasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy!We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth p

32、rocesses, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions

33、, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance. To constantly perfect ERP, and BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resour

34、ces shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application

35、of training, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employee

36、s; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprisi

37、ng of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financ

38、ial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and

39、 assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen pe

40、rformance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and

41、 fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction利用设在基坑边的固定泵输送砼到施工面，人工摊铺，平板振捣器振捣密实，用刮杠沿模板顶将砼刮平，并用木抹搓平压实，确保砼密实和表面平整。砼浇注时埋设支立模板及钢筋支架所需预埋铁件play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role; to full strengthening m

42、embers youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education

43、, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, hi

44、gher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breat

45、hing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane ca

46、re of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy!D-02编号： 交底书名称旋挖钻孔灌注桩技术交底书交底依据施工设计图、相关技术规范、公路桥梁工程施工质量验收标准适用范围K75+685冲沟大桥墩（台）桩基目 的保证质量、规范施工交 底 内 容一、工程概况K75

47、+685冲沟大桥位于耀县石柱乡马咀村西侧，中心桩号K75+685.00，桥梁起点桩号K75+612.00，终点桩号K75+758.00，桥梁全长146.00m。全桥桩基共计36根，桩径分为140cm、160cm两种，其中140cm桩基24根，共计672m长；160cm桩基12根，共计396m长。K75+685冲沟大桥主墩桩基表层为湿陷性黄土，以下为古土壤和黄土间隔分布，在施工过程中由于桩基较深，若钻到有水部分改用泥浆护壁法成孔，因此以干作业法成孔为主，泥浆护壁法成孔为辅的方法施工，现场采用合格的粘土（膨润土）悬浮泥浆作为钻孔泥浆。二、施工准备（一）材料及主要要求1、水泥：采用42.5级矿渣硅酸

48、盐水泥。有产品合格证，出厂检验报告和进场复验报告。2、砂：中砂或粗砂，含泥量不大于5%，有进场复验报告。3、石子：卵石或碎石，粒径532mm，含泥量不大于2%。有进场复验报告。4、水：自来水或不含有害物质的洁净水。5、钢筋：钢筋的品种，级别或规格必须符合设计要求，有产品合格证，出厂检验报告和进场复验报告，表面清洁无老锈和油污。6、外加剂、掺合料：根据施工需要通过试验确定。有出厂质量证明文件、检测报告，复试报告。7、机具准备: 1）钻孔设备：旋挖钻孔机、钢护筒等。2）配套设备：挖掘机、装载机、吊车、潜水泵、钻渣运输车等。3）安全设备：防水照明灯、安全帽等。4）混凝土灌注设备：混凝土拌和站、发电机

49、、混凝土运输车、机动小翻斗车或手推车、长短棒式振捣器、混凝土导管、下料斗等。5）钢筋加工、安装设备：钢筋笼成套加工设备、电焊机、吊车等。（二）作业条件1、地上、地下障碍物都处理完毕，达到“三通一平”。施工用临时设施准备就绪。2、场地标高一般为承台梁的上皮标高，并经过夯实或碾压。3、分段制作好钢筋笼，以15m为宜。4、根据图纸放出轴线及桩位点，布设抄水平标高木桩，并经过验收签认。5、选择和确定钻孔机进出路线和钻孔顺序，制定施工方案。三、施工工艺流程测量放线及定桩位配制泥浆开挖地面表层土埋设钢护筒检查桩中心轴线钻机就位钻孔成孔检查清孔孔口盖板移钻孔机移盖板测孔深、垂直度吊放钢筋笼安装混凝土导管浇筑

50、混凝土桩成品检测、验收。 四、操作工艺1、测量放线根据设计图纸及设计院提供的桩号，利用全站仪现场进行桩位精确放样，放出钻孔桩的轴线位置，在桩中心位置钉以木桩，并设护桩，放线后由主管技术人员复核，施工中护桩妥善看管，不得位移和丢失，并在放线时测好地面标高。2、配制泥浆对黏结性好的岩土层，可采用干式或清水钻进工艺，无需泥浆护壁。而对于松散易坍塌地层，或有地下水分布，孔壁不稳定，必须采用静态泥浆护壁钻进工艺，向孔内投入护壁泥浆或稳定液进行护壁。配制泥浆前要根据钻孔的体积确定所需泥浆的数量，泥浆量必须大于钻孔的容积。配制泥浆选取水化性能较好、造浆率高、成浆快、含砂量少的膨润土或黏土为宜。钻孔过程中要经

51、常测定测定泥浆技术指标，根据工程钻进需要，随时调整泥浆相对密度，保持各项指标符合要求，不因泥浆过浓影响进度，过稀导致塌孔等。泥浆技术指标钻孔方法相对密度黏度T（s）胶体率（%）含砂率（%）pH值旋挖钻1.051.10大于17大于95不大于28113、护筒埋设按测量所放桩位，先人工开挖一个井孔，孔深挖至密实土层。根据桩位把护筒安放好，在护筒与井壁之间用粘土回填夯实。护筒内径大于桩径200400mm，且中心与桩位中心重合，平面偏差不大于50mm，竖直线倾斜不大于1%。，护筒高出地面30 mm，护筒用10mm厚钢板卷制，护筒埋设深度为4m，顶部开设两个溢浆口。4、钻机就位钻孔机就位时，必须保持平稳，

52、不发生倾斜、位移。根据测量所放桩孔中心，将钻机中心对准桩孔中心，并保证钻杆中心同桩孔中心在同一铅垂线上。为准确控制钻孔深度，要在机架上或机管上作出控制的标尺，以便在施工中进行观测、记录。钻机就位误差：水平高差不超过3mm；中心偏差不大于15mm。5、钻孔调直机架挺杆，对好桩位（用对位圈），开动机械钻进、出土，对黏结性好的岩土层，可采用干式或清水钻进工艺，无需泥浆护壁。干作业施工的达到控制深度后停钻、提钻。而对于松散易坍塌地层，或有地下水分布，必须采用静态泥浆护壁钻进工艺，向孔内注入事先调制好的泥浆，然后继续进钻。钻孔时不要让泥浆水位下降，当钻至持力层后，设计无特殊要求时，可继续钻深lm左右，作

53、为插入深度。在施工过程中经常测定泥浆相对密度。作护壁和排碴用的泥浆，其制作及其性能要求应符合下列规定：1)在粘性土中成孔时应注入清水，以原土造浆护壁。循环泥浆比重应控制在1.11.3。2)在砂土和较厚的夹砂层中成孔时，应制备泥浆，泥浆比重应控制在1.21.3。3)在砂卵石层或容易塌孔的土层中成孔时，泥浆比重应加大至1.31.5。4)泥浆的控制指标：粘度1822S；含砂率不大于2%；胶体率大于95%。施工中应经常测定泥浆比重、粘度、含砂率和胶体率。5)泥浆池沉淀池的池面标高应比护筒低0.51m，以利泥浆回流畅顺。泥浆池和沉淀池的位置要合理布局，不得妨碍吊机和钻机行走。泥浆池的容量为每孔的排渣量，

54、沉淀池的容量应为每孔排渣量的1.52倍。 6)应派专人清除泥浆沟槽的沉淀物，保证不淤塞。沉淀池及泥浆池的沉积物应经常清除，多余的泥浆要及时排出基坑。6、成孔检查成孔检查方法根据孔径的情况来定，当钻孔为干孔时，可用重锤将孔内的虚土夯实，再直接用测绳及测孔器测；若孔内存在地下水，则采用水下灌注混凝土施工的方法进行钻孔的测孔工作。经质量检查合格的桩孔及时灌注混凝土。成孔达到设计高程后，对孔深、孔径、孔壁、垂直度、沉淀厚度等进行检查，不合格时采取措施处理。用测绳测量孔深并做记录，钻孔完成后应采用探孔器检测孔径，钻杆垂线法检查倾斜度，用长度符合规定的探孔器上下两次检查孔是否合格，合格后方可清孔。检测标准

55、：孔深、孔径不小于设计规定，钻孔倾斜度误差不大于1%，沉淀厚度符合设计要求，桩位误差不大于50mm。用测深绳(锤)或手提灯测量孔深及虚土厚度。虚土厚度等于钻孔深的差值，虚土厚度不超过10cm。孔径控制：钻进遇有含石块较多的土层，或含水量较大的软塑粘土层时，必须防止钻杆晃动引起孔径扩大，致使孔壁附着扰动土和孔底增加回落土。钻孔桩成孔质量标准项目允许偏差孔的中心位置（mm）50孔径（mm）不小于设计桩径倾斜度（mm）小于1%且不大于500孔深不小于设计规定沉淀厚度（mm）符合设计要求7、清孔干作业施工的桩孔钻到预定的深度后，必须在孔底处进行空转清土，然后停止转动；提钻杆，不得曲转钻杆。孔底的虚土厚

56、度超过质量标准时，要分析原因，采取措施进行处理。进钻过程中散落在地面上的土，必须随时清除运走。泥浆护壁法施工的桩基，检孔合格后采用换浆法清孔，稍稍提起钻头，保持原有的泥浆比重进行循环浮碴，然后注入清水继续循环置换，个别孔底沉碴采用泥浆泵吸出的方式进行清孔。清孔后，泥浆相对密度应控制在1.031.10之间，含砂率应小于2，粘度在1720Pa.s之间，胶体率应大于98%。在第一次清孔后安放钢筋笼及导管，再次验孔，若沉碴厚度不满足施工技术规范要求时(规范要求值为不大于30cm)进行第二次清孔。采用导管内注泥浆循环清孔，清孔完成后立即灌注混凝土。8、移动钻机到下一桩位经过成孔检查后，要填好桩孔施工记录

57、。然后盖好孔口盖板，并要防止在盖板上行车或走人。最后再移走钻机到下一桩位。9、吊放钢筋笼钢筋笼均在经过地基处理的钢筋棚内采用支架成型法集中制作，用平板拖车通过便道运至墩位处，利用25T汽车吊下放钢筋笼。1）搬运和吊装钢筋笼时安放时要对准孔位，避免碰撞孔壁，就位后应立即固定。2）钢筋笼安装入孔后，应保持垂直状态。避免碰撞孔壁，缓慢下放，若中途遇阻不得强行下放（可适当转向再下放）。如果仍无效果，则应起笼扫孔后重新下放。3）超声波检测管安装声测管与钢筋笼一起预制，分段吊装，现场焊接；焊接采取满焊，防止水泥浆流入管内堵塞管道；注意保持声测管间的平行和距离关系。10、安装混凝土导管1）导管采用内径为20

58、0350mm的钢导管，导管的分节长度视工艺要求确定，接头采用双螺纹丝扣快速接头。2）导管安放前应计算导管的孔深和导管的总长度，底节导管一般为46m长，标准节一般为23m，上部可放置23根1.0m的短节，用于调节导管的总长度。3）导管对接过程中要加密封圈，防止漏水，并上紧丝扣；导管安放时应保证导管在孔中的位置居中，防止碰撞钢筋笼骨架。首斗灌注必须加隔水塞，未加隔水塞不得灌注。4）导管提升时应防挂住钢筋笼，所以下放过程中必须保证导管从成孔中心线竖直下放。5）导管使用前应试拼、试压，试水压力不应小于孔内水深1.3倍的压力，也不应小于导管壁和焊缝可能承受灌注混凝土时最大内压力的1.3倍（试水压力一般为

59、0.61.0MPa），确保导管在灌注混凝土的全过程不漏气不漏水。若是下钢筋笼后出现孔底沉淀厚度超标，则安装好导管后施行二次清孔作业，以使砼灌注前孔底沉渣厚度符合要求，保证砼成柱质量。11、浇筑混凝土1）灌注前，对孔底沉淀厚进行测定，如厚度超过规定，采用喷射法向孔底喷射35分钟，使沉渣悬浮。 2）剪球，将砼灌入孔底后，探测孔内砼面高度，计算导管埋置深首批砼灌注时导管离孔底2540cm，埋置深大于1m，以后灌注时，导管埋深控制在26m之间。3）浇筑混凝土时要连续进行，钻孔桩灌注时利用混凝土自重进行压实，桩顶以下3 m范围灌注时，再利用振捣器进行分层振捣。4）混凝土的坍落度一般为180220mm；为

60、保证其和易性及坍落度，要注意调整砂率和掺入减水剂、粉煤灰等。 5）导管提升保持轴线竖直和位置居中，逐步提升，混凝土浇到距桩顶1.5m时，可拔出导管，直接浇灌混凝土,拆除导管动作要快，一般不超过15分钟。 6）为防止钢筋笼上升，当导管底口低于钢筋笼3m至高于笼底1m之间，且砼面在钢筋笼底上下1m之间时，应放慢砼灌注速度。 7）为确保桩顶质量，在桩顶设计标高以上加灌一定高度，一般为0.51.0m，以保证在凿除浮浆后，桩顶标高符合设计要求。砼快灌注到设计标高时，将砼需要量计算出来，并通知搅拌站，以免浪费。 8）灌注结束后，约4H，挖除多余一段桩头，保留1020cm接浇系梁及承台。9）钢护筒在灌注结束