考点一常见并列句的类型及并列连词课件

1、九、并列句和状语从句第1页，共31页。语法专项精讲跟踪训练运用第2页，共31页。语法专项精讲 细筛选巧拓展一、并列句考点一常见并列句的类型及并列连词类型并列连词并列关系(递进关系)and,both.and.,not only.but also.,neither.nor.等转折或对比关系but,yet,whereas,while等选择关系or,or else,either.or.,not .but.等因果关系for,so,as等第3页，共31页。Both Peter and Tom are from South Africa.彼得和汤姆都来自南非。First,my English is very

2、 good and Im open-minded and warm-hearted,so Im getting along well with everyone.首先,我的英语很好,而且我性格外向、很热心,因此我和每个人都相处得很好。He tried hard to catch up with his classmates,but he failed.他尽力赶上同学们,但是失败了。The children can go with us,or they can stay in.孩子们可以跟我们去,也可以待在家。He must have been caught in the rain,for he

3、 is wet all over.他肯定被雨淋了,因为他浑身都湿了。第4页，共31页。考点二并列连词构成的常用句型1.and构成的句型(1)祈使句+and+陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,and后面的句子相当 于一个表示结果的主句)。 Work hard,and you will succeed.(= If you work hard,you will succeed.) 努力学习,你就会成功。(2)名词词组+and+陈述句(名词词组相当于一个条件状语从句,其中常含有 more,another等词)。 Another try,and youll make a success. 再试一次,

4、你就会取得成功。第5页，共31页。2.or (else)构成的句型 (1)祈使句+or (else)+陈述句。 Seize the chance,or (else) youll regret. 抓住这次机会,否则你会后悔的。(2)名词词组+or (else)+陈述句。 More healthy food,or (else) youll break down sooner or later. 多吃健康食品,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。第6页，共31页。3.when构成的句型when引起并列句,意为“正在这时”,表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时,突然发生另一动作。(1)sb.be doing

5、sth. when.某人正在做某事,这时 Last Monday,I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一,我正在街上散步,这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。(2)sb.be about to do sth. when.某人正要做某事,这时 We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身,突然下起雨来了。第7页，共31页。(3)sb. be on the point of doi

6、ng sth. when.某人正要做某事,这时 She was on the point of going to bed when someone knocked at the door. 她正要上床睡觉,突然有人敲门。(4)sb.had just done sth. when.某人刚做完某事,这时 I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang. 我刚刚扫完地,这时电话铃响了。第8页，共31页。二、状语从句考点一时间状语从句1.when,while和as的用法连词含义及用法例句when“当时候”,可与延续性动词或短

7、暂性动词连用;从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生When you apply for a job,you must present yourcertificates.当你申请工作时,你必须递交你的有关证件。while“当时候”,一般只可与延续性动词连用,从句动作与主句动作同时发生Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.客人们就要吃完饭的时候,玛丽去煮咖啡了。第9页，共31页。2.before,since的用法(1)before表示“在之前;还未就;还没有来得及 就”。常用句式:It will

8、be/was+一段时间+before.过 时间才;It wont be/ wasnt+一段时间+ before.没过多 久就 We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it. 在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。as“随着”,常与延续性动词连用,从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生As he grew older,he became less active.随着他逐渐长大,他变得不那么活泼了。第10页，共31页。(2)since意为“自以来”,常用句式:It is/ has been+一段时间+ sinc

9、e从句(常用过去时)。since 从句的时态若是一般过去时,主句的时态 常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 As is reported,it is over 100 years since Qinghua University was founded. 正如所报道的,清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。3.till/until的用法till/until用于肯定句表示“直到为止”,其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词;not. until/till.表示“直到才”,not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首,而till 不能。第11页，共31页。If you dont unde

10、rstand something,you may research,study,and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你遇到不懂的东西,可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈,直到你把它弄明白。She didnt start the lesson until the pupils settled down.等学生们安静下来后,她才开始上课。第12页，共31页。4.表示“一就”的连词(1)as soon as,the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately, directly等 The momen

11、t my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work,she was filled with joy. 我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在hardly.when.,no sooner.than.结构中,主句用过去完成时, when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室,妻子就打电话让我回家。第13页，共31页。考点二地点状语从句(where,w

12、herever)where意为“在某个地方”,wherever意为“无论在哪里”。You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。考点三原因状语从句(because,since,now that等)because意为“因为”,语气强烈,表示事情发生的直接原因。since意为“既然,由于”,语气较弱,表示说话双方都知道的原因。now that则用于已成事实的原因作为前提。Now that youve grown up you must learn to stand on your own two feet.你既然已经长大成人,就得学会独立生活。第14页，共31页。

13、考点四结果状语从句(so.that.,such.that.,so that)1. He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。第15页，共31页。2. He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.=He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.他如此有学问,以至于我们非常赞赏他。第16页，共31页。考点五条件状语从句(if,unless,so/as lo

14、ng as,in case,on condition that)If you cheat in the exam youll never get away with it.考试作弊必予追究。特别提示 条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 第17页，共31页。考点六让步状语从句(though,although,while,as,even if/even though)although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序,即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词

15、。although与though都可以与yet,still连用,但不能和but连用。while引导让步状语从句时,一般置于句首。even if与even though引导让步状语从句时,可用虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。Young as he is,he does things in a very mature way.尽管他年轻,但他做事的方式很成熟。While I admit that there are problems,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.虽然我承认存在问题,但我不同意这些问题无法解决。第18页，共31页。考点七方式状语从句(a

16、s,as if,as though)The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。考点八目的状语从句(so that,in order that,in case)When he goes out,he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜,以便没人能认出他。考点九比较状语从句(as.as,not as/so.as,than,the more.the

17、 more)You look younger than you are.你看上去比你的实际年龄要年轻。第19页，共31页。特别提示 注意两种特殊的表示比较的结构:the+比较级.,the+比较级.结构。 The more you exercise,the healthier you will be. 你锻炼得越多就会越健康。A be to B what C be to D 结构。 Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机之于机器正如心脏之于动物。第20页，共31页。真题链接1.I work not because I hav

18、e to, because I want to.(2019全国)2.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.(2018全国)答案及剖析:1.but与前面的not一起构成 “not.but” 句型,该句型意为“不是而是”。2.than这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比,再由上文的more effective可知,此处用than。第21页，共31页。跟踪训练运用 重实效

19、冲高考.单句语法填空1.Corn uses less waterrice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff.(2018全国)2.In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.答案及剖析:1.thanless是little的比较级,连词than引出比较对象。2.and考查并列连词,这里列举了一些亚洲国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。第

20、22页，共31页。3.Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.4.Though it has been one year he came to the city,he knows every street here like the back of his hand.答案及剖析:3.as/when考查时间状语从句。句意:慢慢地,随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点。根据句意可知,空格处填as或者when

21、引导时间状语从句,故填as/when。4.since句意:尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年,但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌。本题考查固定句型“it has been + 时间段 + since.”,表示“自从已经多久了”。第23页，共31页。5.You can smoke here you leave a window open to let the smoke out.6.Just a single word can change the meaning of a sentence;a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.答案及

22、剖析:5.if句意:如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去,你就可以在这里吸烟。根据句意可知,此处为条件状语从句,表示“如果”,故填if。6.as句意:正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样,一个独立的句子也能改变一个段落的含义。just as意为“正如,正像”,符合句意。第24页，共31页。7.If you miss this chance,it may be years you get another one.8.A whole month had passed she fully recovered.答案及剖析:7.beforeIt be + 时间段+before.表示“要过才会”。句意:如果你错

23、过这次机会,可能要等很多年才会再有另一个机会。8.before考查连词的用法。根据句意“整整一个月过去了她才完全恢复。”可知,此处需要填连词,引导时间状语从句,所以填before。第25页，共31页。9.He is a shy man,he is not afraid of anything or anyone.10. the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.答案及剖析:9.butbut用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。句意:他是个腼腆的人,但他

24、并不怕任何事或任何人。10.Although/Thoughalthough/though虽然(表示“虽然”时,不在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用)。句意:虽然那个工作要花大量的时间,但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。第26页，共31页。.语法填空 My classmate Michael studied very hard 1. he went to senior school.Every day he worked 2. everyone else in my class left the classroom.He said he

25、 wouldnt stop trying 3. he got satisfying scores in his studies.Hard 4. he tried,he made little progress,but he didnt lose heart at all 5. he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day.6. time went by,he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing a

26、t last.We had a get-together party 7. we started our new life in university.Everyone had got offers from universities,8. we had a very good time.When we stood 9. we used to play and study,we couldnt help thinking of our happy old days.We believed we would never forget each other,10. we would go or whatever we would do.语篇解读:本文讲了作者的同学努力学习取得成就的事,并且表达了对友谊长存的信念。第27页，共31页。答案及剖析:1.after句意:我的同班同学Michael上高中以后学习非常努力。此处用after引导时间状语从句。2.until句意:每天他都学习到我们班其他所有同学都离开教室为止