语法精析形容词的比较等级

1、PAGE PAGE 6八上 语法精讲精练语法精析形容词的比较等级 大多数形容词都有三个等级:原级、比较级和最高级 1.意义:表示“更，较，用于两者间的比较， 说明“前者比后者更” 2.形容词比较级的构成方法 (1)规则变化 单音节词和部分双音节词 a.一般在词尾加-er calm-calm_; smart-smart_ ; long-long_; wild-wild_; new-new_ ;tall-tall_ ;quick -quick_ ; few- few_ b.以e结尾的词加-r finefine_; nicenice_; late-late_ ; large-large_; c.辅音

2、字母+Y结尾的词，先变Y为i，再加 er early-earl_; happy-happ_; easy-eas_; funny-funn_; sunny-sunn_ d.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节(一元、一 铺、一重)，先双写末尾字母，再加一er big-big_; hot-hot_ ; redred_; fat-fat_; thin-thin_; wet-wet_多音节词和部分双音节词(双音节词多为加后缀 -ful，-1y，-ed，-ing，-able等构成) delicious-_ delicious popular-_ popular athletic-_ _ serious-mor

3、e serious beautiful-more beautiful outgoing-more outgoing relaxed-more relaxed friendly-more friendly careful-_ _ useful- _ _ helpful -_ _ 大多数加ly的副词变法同样： seriously-more seriously beautifully-more beautifully carefully- _ _ quickly - _ quickly(2)不规则变化 good/well_ bad/ill-_ many/much/some-_ little-_ fa

4、r-_/further old-_/elder 3.形容词比较级的用法(标志词: than conj.比) (1) = 1 * GB3 基本用法主语+动词+比较级+than John is _(tall) than Tom.约翰比汤姆高。 My shirt is _ _ (expensive) than my brothers.我的衬衫比我弟弟的贵。 = 2 * GB3 通过上下文暗示用比较级 Their school is very big, and ours are even _. I hope youre feeling _(well) today (than yesterday). (

5、2)其它用法 “比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”表。“越来越”。 Spring is coming, the weather is getting _and _.春天来了，天气变得雄来越暖和。 My sister is _ and_ beautiful.我妹妹越来越漂亮了。 The days are getting _ and _（ long）in summer. *比较级前一般不用the，但在下面两种用法中要用the a.比较级后有名词或有“of the two/ of the twins / between”结构，表示“两者中较的一个

6、”。比较级前要加the Ann is _ _ girl of the two安是两个中较瘦的那个女孩。 Tom is _ _of the two.在两人中汤姆较高。 Lily is _ _ interesting of the twins.在双胞胎中莉莉更有趣。 Im _ _ between us.(fat) b. the+比较级，the+比较级，越，越 _ more he eats, _heavier he becomes:他吃得越多，他变得越重。 The more friends you have , _ _you are(happy). The more, _ _. 多多益善；越多越好

7、比较级结构可与as. as的否定（not as/soas）结构换为同义句。 This apple isnt as big as that one.= This apple is _ _ that one. = That apple is _ _ this one. This lesson isnt so important as that one.= This lesson is _ important _ that one. That lesson is _ important _ this one. (3)注意事项 比较级前可用下列词(组)修饰，表程度 much，a lot，far得多，大

8、大 still, even更(加), yet，还要 a little, a bit一点 2 years older than 比大2岁 ；2 years younger than 比小2岁 3 times 3倍 some.一些(否定句中用any) It is a little colder today.今天有点冷。 My aunt is _than my mother.我姨妈比我妈妈漂亮多了。 A. much beautiful B. beautifuler C. very more beautiful D. much more beautifulThe little girl knows _

9、more about Chinese history than I think. A. very B. very much C. a lot D. manyIm 2 years _ than Tom. (old)This line(线) is 3 times longer than that one.这条线比那条线长3倍。= This line is 4 times as long as that one.须在同类事物之间比较. 误:The weather in Chongqing is hotter than Beijing. 重庆的天气比北京热。 正:The weather in Chon

10、gqing is hotter than _ in Beijing. The people in Chongqing is more friendly than _ in Beijing. The books on the desk are older than _ on the chair.桌上的书比椅子上的旧。本句中用that代替不可数名词weather ;代替可数名词单数常用the one;代替可数名词复数常用those，the ones. 同一范围比较：比较对象须排除自身 必须用other 误:He is taller than any student in his class.他比班

11、上其他同学高。 正:_ else(=No other student) is taller than he in his class. (Nobody else=no other +单数名词同一范围比较级)= He is taller than _ _student in his class. (any other+单数名词 同一范围比较级)=He is taller than _ _students in his class. (the others=the other+名词复数 同一范围比较级)=He is _ _ in his class. (同一范围最高级)any other常跟单数可

12、致名词:任何其它一。 区别不同范围比较，不能用other：China is bigger than_ in Africa.中国比非洲的国家都大。any other country B. any country C. the other countries D. the countries= China is bigger than _ the _in Africa.即时练习：判断是否是同一范围比较：The Changjiang River is longer than _ in China.any other river B. any river C. other rivers D. the

13、riversthan后人称代词的使用 我比他们快: I was quicker than they (were ).(than连词)I was quicker than them. (than介词)哥哥elder brother ; 姐姐：elder sister 弟弟younger / little brother ; 妹妹：younger / little sister*elder不能用于比较结构 我姐姐比我大三岁。My _ sister is 3 years _ than me.(old) 语法精析 形容词/副词的最高级 表示三者及以上的比较，要用最高级，表示“最 ”的意思。 1.形容词

14、、副词的最高级的变化形式 (1)规则变化形式与比较级的规则变化形式一样，只 是比较级加-er或-r，而最高级加-est或-st great-greater-great_; large-larger-large_; late later- _; happyhappier-happ_; easy-easier-_;angry-angier- _; big-bigger-big_; hot-hotter-_; wet-wetter-_; red-redder-_; thin-_;_comfortable-more comfortable-_ comfortable ; delicious-more

15、delicious-_delicious carefully-more carefully- _; quickly-more quickly-_(2)不规则变化形式 good/well-better_ ;bad/ill-worse_ ;many/much more-most ;little-less-least ;old-older/elder-oldest/eldest far-farther/further-farchest/furthest 用法: 1.形容词应加the，物主代词或名词所有格; 副词最高级前常省略the (常常有in/of all等范围)Tom is my best fr

16、iend.汤姆是我最好的朋友。 He is the _ in his class.他是班上最高的。 She gets up _ in her class(late).I do my homework _ of all my friends.(carefully)2. one of后形容词常用最高级，表示“最之一”。 Zhou Jielun is one of _(popular) singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。. Li Ping is one of _(tall) boys in our class.李平是我班最高的男生之一。 Chongqing is one of_in Chi

17、na A. big city B. big cities C. bigger cities D, the biggest cities3.表示“第几最，时用the+序数词+形容词最 高级。 Canada is the second _(large)country in the world加拿大 是世界上第二大城市。 表示“第一”时，不用first The Changjiang River is _(long)river in China.长江是中国的第一长河。 4.形容词最高级可以用比较级表达，也可与as. . . as句型互换。 He is the best student in his c

18、lass.他是班上最好的句型互换。 =He is better than anyone else in his class. =He is better than(all) the other students in his class. =He is better than(all) the others in his class. =He is better than _ _student in his class. =He is better than any of the other students in his class. =_ _ is better than him in h

19、is class. =Nobody else is as good as him in his class. 5.同在原级前加less构成否定比较级一样，可在形容词原级前加the least构成否定最高级。 He is the least important in his family.他在家里最不重要。 She runs less quickly than I(do).Kate isnt so beautiful as her sister.= Kate is _ beautiful _her sister.6.最高级后加比较范畴短语时，of/among加相同范畴 的内容，in加不同范畴的内

20、容。 He is the _(clever) boy of the three. He is the _(care) in his class because he made the most(many)mistakes(错误)。 语法专练 1.写出下列形容词的比较级和最商级 (1)big _ _(2) healthy_ _ (3) close _ _(4) little_ _ (5) friendly_ _(6) exciting(7)_ _ bad _ _(8) comfortable_ _(9) easy_ _(10) few_ _(ll)good _ _(12)hard_ _(13)

21、thin_ _(14) many_ _ (15) strong _ _2.用所给词的正确形式填空 (1 ) Who is _( outgoing), Ann or May?(2)My mother always gets up _ (early) in my family.(3)Mings home is _(far) from school in his class.(4) The Yellow River is one of _(long)_( river) in the world.(5) My physics is pretty _(good), but not so_ (good)

22、as Bettys.She does _ (good) in physics of all the students.(6)_ (busy) he is, _ (happy) he feels.(7)The weather in Chongcpng is_ (hot) than that of Guilin.(8)Dave is _ (busy) person in the company. He is _ (busy) than the others.(9)Rosa did quite _ (good) in the math test yesterday. Lin did _ (good)

23、 in her class.(10)Tom is _(strong)of the three boys.(ll)My home is close to school. Toms home is_ (close) to school than mine.Hers (she) is the _(close) to school of all.(12) Who has _( few) words, Nancy or _(I)?(13)Zhou Jielun is much _(famous)than Pan Weibo.(14) English isnt as _ (interest)as art.

24、 That means art is _ (interesting) than English.(15)The boy ran _(quick) in the race, so he won first prize.(16) Her _ (old) sister is 5 years _ (old) than her.(17)Its much_ (fast) to go to Guangzhou by plane than by train.(18) Bob is very _(interested) in pop songs. He thinks its _(interestmg) than rock songs and its _( interesting) among high school student