英语专题V-ing的用法

1、英语专题V-ing 的用法英语专题V-ing的用法现在分词的分类1. 一般式2. 完成式3. 一般式的被动式4. 完成式的被动式5. 一般式的否定式6. 完成式的否定式A. being doneB. doingC. not doingD. having doneE. not having doneF. having been done英语专题V-ing的用法v-ing形式的基本用法:动名词在句中起名词的作用，可做主语，宾语，表语和定语。现在分词在句中可做定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。英语专题V-ing的用法 V-ing形式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，用其一般式；

2、v-ing形式表示的动作在主要动作之前发生，用其完成式。例如：What worried the child most was not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.He was praised for having saved a boys life.英语专题V-ing的用法在语态上，v-ing的主动式表示主动意义，被动式表示被动意义。如：He insisted on sending her to hospital.他坚持要把她送到医院去。He insisted on being sent to work in the co

3、untryside.他坚持要被派到乡下工作。英语专题V-ing的用法1）直接用动名词做主语。Collecting stamps is his hobby.2)用it 做形式主语，真正的主语动名词短语放在后面。常用于下列句式：It is no use/ no good/ useless/ worthwhile/ dangerous/ a waste of time/ fun 等后需用动名词做真正的主语。Its no use waiting for him any longer.Its a waste of time arguing about it.一.v-ing做主语，谓语动词用单数动词。英语

4、专题V-ing的用法3)当句型“There is no”表示“不允许，禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动名词做主语。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。英语专题V-ing的用法1)作及物动词的宾语。部分动词后面只能跟动名词，而不能跟不定式作宾语。避免错过少延期: avoid , miss, postpone建议完成多练习: advise, finish, practise喜欢想象禁不住: enjoy, imagine, cant help承认否认与嫉妒：admit, deny, envy逃避冒险莫原谅：escape, risk, ex

5、cuse忍受保持不介意：stand, keep, mind二. 做宾语英语专题V-ing的用法2）下列动词短语也常跟v-ing形式作宾语。 insist on, object to, be good at , be fond of, lead to , put off, give up , look forward to , feel like, devote to , get used to , pay attention to , be worth等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。I feel like going

6、to the movie this evening.英语专题V-ing的用法注意：当动名词短语作宾语，后面又有宾语补足语时， 常用it 做形式宾语，而把真正的宾语动名词短语放在后面。She found it useless arguing with him.Do you consider it any good trying again ?你觉得再试试会有好处吗？英语专题V-ing的用法3）在动词start , begin, continue等可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working / to work as if nothing had h

7、appened.4)在love , hate, prefer , like 等动词后接动名词作宾语指经常性的动作，而接不定式做宾语指具体的动作。He preferred staying in the house when it rained.(用动名词作宾语，指每逢下雨就留在家）I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.(动词不定式作宾语，指今天下午留在家这一具体动作）英语专题V-ing的用法5)有些动词或词组后跟v-ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。stop to do sth.stop doing sth.mean to do sth.mean d

8、oing try to do sth.try doing sth.停下来去做某事停止或不做某事想要做某事意味着做某事努力/企图做某事试着做某事（看会发生什么）英语专题V-ing的用法be afraid to do sthbe afraid of doing sth.remember doing sth.remember to do sth.forget doing sth.forget to do sthregret doing sthregret to do sth不敢做某事害怕发生记得做了某事记得要去做某事忘记曾做了某事忘记要去做某事后悔做了某事遗憾要去做英语专题V-ing的用法 go o

9、n doing go on to do cant help doing cant help to do继续做同一件事继续做另外一件事情不自禁地去做某事不能帮助做某事英语专题V-ing的用法6）.在allow , advise, forbid , permit 等词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。即：allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit + doing或：allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit + sb. to doWe dont allow smoking he

10、re.We dont allow students to smoke.英语专题V-ing的用法7） should / would like / love 等后必须用不定式。Id like to have a cup of tea.8）下列动词可接v-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/ want/require/ deserve doing= need / want / require / deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing / to be repaired.英语专题V-ing的用法Exercises He go

11、t well prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost2. It is no good _ all the time. A. complaining B. to complain C. complained D. complain英语专题V-ing的用法3. I regret _ that Im too busy _ in the talk. A. to say, to participa

12、te B. saying , participating C. to say, participating D. saying , to participate4. She has been used to _abroad. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living英语专题V-ing的用法5. Have you ever dreamed of _ so good a chance for further education ? A. there is B. there to be C. there being D. there will be6. The no

13、vel is well worth_ but _ the students have read it. A. to be read, not all B. to be read, all not C. reading , not all D. reading, all not英语专题V-ing的用法7. I have to go to work on foot , for my bile needs _. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. being repaired英语专题V-ing的用法8) I dont mind _ by bus, but I

14、 hate _ in queues.A) to travel.standing B) having traveled.standingC) traveling.to stand D) traveling.standing9)What about _ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly time to go_ next week.A) buying.to shop B) buy.shoppingC) buying.shopping D) to buy.shopping英语专题V-ing的用法10) We had some t

15、rouble _ the house and nobody seemed _ where it was.A) in finding.knowing B) finding.to knowC) to find.knowing D) to find.to know11)We cant imagine _ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school.A) she succeeding B) her succeedingC) she succeed D) her to succeed英语专题V-ing的用法动名词作表语表示抽

16、象的、一般的行为，现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。Our greatest happiness is serving the people.（动名词）Our task is building socialism. （动名词）The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现在分词）三、动词-ing形式作表语英语专题V-ing的用法全析提示：（1）动名词作表语时，主语和表语可以互换，句子意思不变。（2）现在分词作表语时，主语和表语不能互换。现在分词前面可以有修饰性的副词，如very, rather等。His hobby is playing f

17、ootball.My job is teaching English.The news is (very )exciting.She was very pleasing in her appearance.英语专题V-ing的用法动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。1) 动名词做定语时，表示被修饰名词的性能，有“供之用”的意思。drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a re

18、ading room = a room for reading 阅览室四、动词-ing形式作定语英语专题V-ing的用法2)现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。 tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 英语专题V-ing的用法现在分词短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a room facing the street. =

19、They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. 英语专题V-ing的用法 3. 现在分词短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, l

20、ives in Beijing. 英语专题V-ing的用法1，动名词不能作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。例如：我看见他正在上楼。 I saw him going upstairs. 我们看着她在过大街。 We watched her crossing the street. 我们听见她在房间里唱歌。 We heard her singing in her room。五、动词-ing形式作宾补英语专题V-ing的用法 2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, sme

21、ll, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. I didnt notice him waiting.英语专题V-ing的用法2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking.Im sorry to have kept you

22、 waiting. I cant get the clock going again.You wont catch me doing that again.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。 英语专题V-ing的用法3). see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。 （只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师 正在做实验） 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束

23、的全过程。如:英语专题V-ing的用法 We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。 （一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验） 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam. We heard the door slamming. (反复动作)(一次动作)英语专题V-ing的用法While watching television, _. A. the doorbell ran B. the doorb

24、ell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings2.The question _ at present has something important to do with our daily life.A. to be discussing B. to discussC. been discussed D. being discussed英语专题V-ing的用法3.China is a _ country _ to the third world.A. developed; belongs B. de

25、veloping, belongingC. developing; belongs D. developed; belonged4.-Who is the man _to the teacher？ -A model worker _ our school. A. talks，visits B. is talking ;is visiting C. talking; visiting D. talking; visited英语专题V-ing的用法5. It is said that the missing students were last seen _ near the river. A.

26、playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 6. The policewoman looked around and caught a young man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 英语专题V-ing的用法7. Every teacher said Mike was a _ boy when in school. A. promised B. promising C. to promise D. pro

27、mise 8. Mr. White, _ of the _ TV play, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 英语专题V-ing的用法9. When the girl got back home from work she saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.” A. read B. reads C. to read D. readi

28、ng 英语专题V-ing的用法 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但要注意它的各种形式变化： 主动形式 被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式完成式 六 现在分词作状语英语专题V-ing的用法Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造地 这栋楼房室我们地

29、新图书馆（being built为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作，他就回家了。英语专题V-ing的用法现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。英语专题V-ing的用法1V-ing作时间状语，其动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或先于谓语动词的动作。 Hearing the good news, they jumped with joy. Having taught the

30、new words, the teacher went on to explain the text. V-ing前可带连词when, while, whenever，强调 前后动作的同时性。例如： When taking medicine, follow the direction on the bottle carefully. 服药时，严格按照药瓶上的说明。 英语专题V-ing的用法2V-ing作原因状语，前不带连词。 Living far away from school, he was often late. Having lived in the country for years

31、, he knew how to plant vegetables. 下列几种情况下，V-ing短语一般为原因状语。1)由系动词be及某些连系动词组成的V-ing短语。 Being kind and knowledgeable, the new teacher soon became popular among the students. Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=as he was ill, he didnt go to school.)英语专题V-ing的用法2）V-ing的否定形式。 Not knowing his telephone num

32、ber, I couldnt get in touch with him.由于我不知道他的 号码，无法与他取得联系。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 由于未收到回信，他决定再写封信。 英语专题V-ing的用法3) 含有“了解、意识到、忘记”等表心理状态的动词组成的V-ing短语。 Knowing English well, he translated the article without much difficulty. 他精通英语，因此毫不费力地翻译了那篇文章。 Thinking that there woul

33、d be a traffic jam, I started earlier than usual. 想到会出现交通堵塞，因此我比往常动身早。 英语专题V-ing的用法3V-ing作状语，表行为方式和伴随情况时，其动作往往与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于一个并列结构。作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。They stood there for an hour watching the game. (and watched the game) The children rushed ou

34、t of the classroom, laughing and talking merrily.( and laughed and talked merrily) 英语专题V-ing的用法Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.) 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_ , they went into the classroom. 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wa

35、ll.)Laughing and talking英语专题V-ing的用法4V-ing作结果状语时，往往表示自然产生的结果；而不定式与only连用，则表示意料不到的结果。试比较： A bomb exploded at the hotel yesterday evening, killing seven people. 昨晚一颗炸弹在旅馆附近爆炸，致使七人丧生 。 It took me almost ten years to find her address, only to learn she had died two years before. 我花了将近十年的时间才找到她的住址，不料她早在两

36、年前就去世了。 英语专题V-ing的用法5V-ing 作条件状语，注意区分以祈使句开头表条件的句型。 Leaving it with me, Ill see what I can do. （V-ing作状语，表条件） Leave it with me and Ill see what I can do. （祈使句，表条件） 上述句子可改成：If you leave it with me, Ill see what I can do. Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way

37、.)英语专题V-ing的用法V-ing作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子中的主语一致，误： While looking at the map, a police officer came up and asked if he could help us. (looking at的逻辑主语与a police officer不一致) 正：While we were looking at the map, a police officer came up and asked if he could help us. 注意事项英语专题V-ing的用法但少数几个V-ing短语如judging from, ge

38、nerally speaking, considering, talking of在句中作评注性状语时，用以说明说话人的态度、观点，看法等，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。例如： Judging from her accent, she must be from Northeast of China. Generally speaking, parents care about their childrens health than for their own. Considering his old age, he was fit for the heavy job. 英语专题V-ing的用

39、法分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果与句子主语不一致，那么分词短语就需要有自己的逻辑主语，且要用独立主格结构形式来表达。独立主格结构的构成：名词/代词+ 分词/ 不定式/ 形容词/ 副词/ 介词短语/ 名词此结构在句中起方式，原因，时间，条件等状语或状语从句的作用。Miss Gao falling ill, Mr. Wang took her class instead. （表原因）It being Sunday , I didnt go to school.（原因）英语专题V-ing的用法I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my h

40、ead（时间）我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. （原因）所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting, well do another two exercises.（条件） 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。英语专题V-ing的用法practice英语专题V-ing的用法“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran B解析：答案

41、B。running away在此作shouted的伴随状语，由Janet发出这一动作。英语专题V-ing的用法2. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having causedD解析：答案D。题意：暴雨过去了，只留下给这一地区造成的巨大损害。由上下文逻辑意义看，此处应表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。英语专题V-ing的用法3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized

42、that he had left his wallet at home. A. to wait B. have waited C. having waited D. to have waitedC解析：答案C。此处为现在分词的完成式作时间状语，表明该动作发生在realized之前。英语专题V-ing的用法4. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffered C. To suffer D. SufferedA解析：答案A。由al

43、ready提示，分词动作发生在谓语之前，故须用分词的完成式。英语专题V-ing的用法5. The secretary worked all night long, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparingB解析：答案B。非谓语动词充当伴随状语，与主语the secretary是主动关系，因此用形式。英语专题V-ing的用法 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2.

44、 The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错英语专题V-ing的用法5. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice

45、on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking英语专题V-ing的用法1.They set out _ for the _ boy.searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; losing2. The stud

46、ent sat there, _ what to do.doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C. not know D. not knowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)英语专题V-ing的用法3.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. having added B. to add C .added D. adding)4._ the poem a second

47、time, the meaning will become clearer to you. Your having read B. while reading C. If reading D. when you read英语专题V-ing的用法5.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A .makes B. to make C. made D. making6.She asked me to help her, _ that she couldnt make the heavy suitcase alone. only to realize B. realizing C. realized D. having been realized 英语专题V-ing的用法7._ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. A. Check B. To check C. Having checked D. If you check 8.He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further inf