电子与通信技术专业英语Unit 3 lesson 14

1、PART1 Satellite communication has become a part of everyday life in the late 1980s. An international telephone call is made as easily as a local call to a friend who lives down the block. We also see international events, such as an election in England and a tennis match in France, with the same reg

2、ularity as local political and sporting events. In this case, a television news program brings the sights and sounds of the world into our homes each night. This capability to exchange information on a global basis, be it a telephone call or a news story, is made possible through a powerful communic

3、ations toolthe satellite. For those of us who grew up at a time when the space age was not a part of everyday life, satellite-based communication is the culmination of a dream that stretches back to an era when the term satellite was only an idea conceived by a few inspired individuals. These pionee

4、rs included authors such as Arthur C. Clarke, who fostered the idea of a worldwide Lesson 14 Satellite CommunicationsTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART1Lesson 14 Satellite Communicationssatellite system in l945. This idea has subsequently blossomed into a sophisticated satellite ne

5、twork that spans the globe. The latter type of satellite system would have entailed the development of a very complex and cumbersome earth and space-based network. Fortunately though, this problem was eliminated in 1963 and 1964 through the launching of the Syncom satellite. Rather than circling the

6、 earth at a rapid rate of speed, the spacecraft appeared to be stationary or fixed in the sky. Todays communications satellites, for the most part, have followed suit and are now placed in what are called geostationary orbital positions or slots.Simply stated, a satellite in a geostationary orbital

7、position appears to be fixed over one portion of the earth. At an altitude of 22,300 miles above the equator, a satellite travels at the same speed at which the rotates, and its motion is synchronized with the earthsTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART1Lesson 14 Satellite Communicati

8、onsrotation. Even though the satellite is moving at an enormous rate of speed, it is stationary in the sky in relation to an observer on the earth. The primary value of a satellite in a geostationary orbit is its ability to communicate with ground stations in its coverage area 24 hours a day. This o

9、rbital slot also simplifies the establishment of the communications link between a station and the satellite. Once the stations antenna is properly aligned, only minor adjustments may have to be made in the antennas position over a period of time. The antenna is repositioned to a significant degree

10、only when the station establishes contact with a satellite in a different slot. Prior to this era, a ground stations antenna had to physically track a satellite as it moved across the sky. Based on these principles, three satellites placed in equidistant positions around the earth can create a world

11、-wide communications system in that almost every point on the earth can be reached by satellite (as shown in Fig.14-1). This concept was the basis ofTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART1Lesson 14 Satellite CommunicationsArthur Clarkes original vision of a globe-spanning communication

12、s network.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary Fig.14-1 Satellite CommunicationPART2New words and phrases:block blk n.街区global lubl adj.球形的，全球的，全世界的culmination ,klminein n.顶点era ir, r n.时代，纪元，时期span spn v. & n.横越；跨度；跨距；范围cumbersome kmbsm adj.讨厌的；麻烦的；笨重的syncom sikm n.美国的）同步通信卫星geostationar

13、y di:usteinri n.与地球的相对位置不变的altitude ltitju:d n.（尤指海拔）高度equator ikweit n.赤道enormous in:ms adj.巨大的equidistant ,i:kwidistnt adj.距离相等的，等距的TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART2Phrases and Expressionstennis match n.网球比赛prior to ad.在前，居先globe-spanning communications network全球通信网络New words a

14、nd phrases:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART3Notes:1.An international telephone call is made as easily as a local call to a friend who lives down the block.译文：打一个国际电话就像给住在同一街区的朋友打本地电话一样简单。“as easily as”意为：像一样（容易），“easily”修饰动词“made”，充当状语。请比较：Our classroom is as big and bright as th

15、eirs. （形容词big and bright充当表语）。2.This capability to exchange information on a global basis, be it a telephone call or a news story, is made possible through a powerful communications toolthe satellite.译文：这种进行全球性信息交流的能力，无论是电话还是新闻转播都是通过一个强有力的通信工具卫星，才得以实现的。3.that stretches back to an era when the term s

16、atellite was only an idea conceived by a few inspired individuals.(1)“that”引导定语从句，修饰“dream”；(2) to stretch back：“回顾、追溯”，相当于to recall back；(3)“an era”指全球卫星通信系统仍在人们头脑中灵感的想象年代，其后有“when”引导的定语从句修饰。TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART34.These pioneers included authors such as Arthur C. Cla

17、rke, who fostered the idea of a worldwide satellite system in l945.译文：这些先驱者中就包括亚瑟克拉克，他在1945年就产生了全球卫星系统的想法。句中“who”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“Arthur C.Clarke”。5.The latter type of satellite system would have entailed the development of a very complex and cumbersome earth and space-based network.译文：亚瑟克拉克设想的卫星通信系统将导

18、致开发一个相当复杂和麻烦的基于地面的空间站的网络。句中“latter”为形容词，后面的，（两者中）后者的，近来的，指顺序的先后；而later指时间的先后。6.Rather than circling the earth at a rapid rate of speed, the spacecraft appeared to be stationary or fixed in the sky.译文：现在的卫星不是高速地围绕地球运行，而是静止或固定在空中。(1) rather than：“而不是”，置于句首可起强调作用。(2) 句型to appear to do sth.：“似乎/碰巧做某事”，后

19、文中仍有此用法。Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART37.Simply stated, a satellite in a geostationary orbital position appears to be fixed over one portion of the earth.译文：简单地讲，一颗处于与地球旋转同步的轨道位置上的卫星对于地球的部分地区来说似乎是静止不动的。句中simply stated：“简单地说”，相当于simply speaking，请比较: generally speaking （总的来

20、说）。8.Prior to this era, a ground stations antenna had to physically track a satellite as it moved across the sky. 译文：在这以前，地面站的天线必须物理跟踪在天空中运动的卫星。(1) prior to this era：“在此之前、在这个年代之前”，相当于before this age；(2)“as”引导时间状语从句。Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART4Exercises:1. Write T (Tru

21、e) or F (False) beside the following statements about the text.a. Satellite communication has become a part of everyday life in the late 1960s.b. An international telephone call is still not easy as a local call.c. We can see international events in our homes each night by the television news progra

22、m. d. Satellite communication brings the sights and sounds of the world via a television set.e. Now satellite-based communication only is a dream by a few inspired individuals.f. In l945, Arthur C. Clarke had developed a worldwide satellite system.g. Todays communications satellites, for the most pa

23、rt, circling the earth at a rapid rate of speed.h.The satellite is stationary in the sky in relation to an observer on the earth.2. Match the following terms to appropriate definition or expression.a. satellite 1. create a world-wide communications b. slots 2. geostationary orbital positions c. thre

24、e satellites 3. a powerful communications tool TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART4Exercises:3. Fill in the missing words according to the text.a. Fortunately though, _problem was eliminated in 1963 and 1964 through the launching of the Syncom satellite.b. Based on _ principles, thr

25、ee satellites placed in equidistant positions around the earth can create a _ system in that almost every point on the earth can be reached by satellite.c. This orbital slot also simplifies the establishment of the communications link between _ and_.d. Prior to this era, a ground stations _ had to p

26、hysically track a satellite as it moved across the _.4. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. The latter type of satellite system would have entailed the development of a very complex and cumbersome earth and space-based network. Fortunately though, this problem was eliminated in 1963 and

27、1964 through the launching of the Syncom satellite. Rather than circling the earth at a rapid rate of speed, the spacecraft appeared to be stationary or fixed in the sky. Todays communications satellites, for the most part, have followed suit and are now placed in what are called geostationary orbital positions or slots.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART5Translation第14课 卫 星 通 信 20世纪80年代后期，卫星通信逐渐成为日常生活的一部分，打一个国际电话就像给住在同一街区的朋友打本地电话一样简单。同样