人教版新高考英语一轮复习形容词和副词

1、语法专项提升语法专题四形容词和副词 英 语2022高中总复习优化设计GAO ZHONG ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI内容索引核心考点分层突破 专项训练巩固提升核心考点分层突破高考链接1.(2020全国, 语篇填空)Landing on the moons far side is_(extreme) challenging. 2.(2020全国, 语篇填空)Data about the moons composition, such as howice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whet

2、her its plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical. extremely 此处修饰形容词challenging, 应用副词形式。 much 设空处后面的ice是不可数名词, 故用much修饰。 3.(2020全国, 语篇填空)(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Certainly 设空处位于句首, 修饰整个句子, 应该用副词形式。 4.(2020全国, 语篇填空)The (beauty) long branches covered with pink-

3、colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. beautiful 由后面的long branches可知, 此处应用形容词修饰名词。 5.(2020全国, 语篇填空)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. finest 结合空前出现的all great artists可知,

4、 这里表示 “呈现出他们最好的作品”, 故用形容词的最高级。6.(2020全国, 语篇填空)As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. gently 分析句子结构可知, 这里需要用副词gently来修饰动词moved。 7.(2020山东, 语篇填空)In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth) people travelled and collec

5、ted plants, historical objects and works of art. wealthy 此处使用形容词修饰后面的名词people, 意为 “家庭富裕的人们”。8.(2020天津, 单项填空)According to Professor Johnson, we dont have to read the book if we dont want to, as it is (option). optional 该处为形容词用作表语。句意: 按照Johnson教授的说法, 如果我们不想读这本书可以不读, 因为它是选修的。9.(2019全国, 语篇填空)They also s

6、hared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists. 10.(2018全国, 语篇填空)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners. traditional 句意: 他们还与我们分享了许多深受游客欢迎的关于夏威夷的传统故事。所填的词修饰名词, 所以应用形容词形式。longer 根据后面的than可知,

7、所填的词要用比较级, 故填longer。 11.(2018全国, 语篇填空)Running is cheap, easy and its always(energy). energetic 分析句子成分可知, 所填的词做is的表语, 故用形容词形式。 12.(2018全国, 语篇填空)A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.actually 根据后面的介词短语behind the change可

8、知, 此处应用actual的副词形式, 故填actually。13.(2018全国, 语篇填空)He screams the (loud) of all. loudest 根据空前的the和空后的of all可知, 此处应用最高级loudest。 考点归纳考点一 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级1.形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则规则变化构成例词原级比较级最高级单音节的词一般情况下直接加-er和-estsmallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结尾的双音节词加-r和-stnicenice

9、rnicestcutecutercutestableablerablest构成例词原级比较级最高级以一个辅音字母结尾, 且前面只有一个元音字母的词, 双写辅音字母后再加-er和-estfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 先把y变为i再加-er和-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词, 加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernar

10、rowest其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加more和mostcarefulmore carefulmost carefulpopularmore popularmost popularefficientlymore efficientlymost efficiently注意有少数几个双音节形容词, 既可以加-er和-est, 又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是: common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以-ow, -er结尾的词。有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度, 因

11、此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有: right 正确的, wrong 错误的, excellent 优秀的, favourite 最喜爱的, possible 可能的, empty 空的等。不规则变化 2.两者相比用 “比较级+than” 表示。Robert jumps much higher than any of the others. 罗伯特跳得比其他任何人都高很多。While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become more complex. 尽管找信息比以往容

12、易了, 但与此同时, 研究却变得更加复杂。3.比较级的修饰语常见的有: rather, much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等。Tony can hardly boil an egg, still less cook dinner. 托尼几乎连个鸡蛋也不会煮, 更不用说做饭了。I feel much better today. 今天我感觉好多了。4.“the+比较级., the+比较级.”表示“越, 就越”。The longer you stay home, the better (it wil

13、l be). 你在家待的时间越长越好。5.“the+比较级+of the two+名词” 表示 “两者中较的那个”。The taller of the two boys is my cousin. 两个男孩中个子较高的那个是我表哥。6.“a/an+形容词比较级+名词” 表示 “一个更的”。It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put forward, well make do with it. 这可能不是一个很好的建议。但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前, 我们还是设法应付一下。7.“比较级+and+比较级” 的

14、结构, 表示 “越来越”。The girl becomes more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。8.“no+比较级+than” 表示 “和一样不”。He is no taller than his brother. 他和他哥哥一样矮。9.more.than.表示一个人两种品质的比较, 意为 “与其倒不如”。He is more shy than unfriendly. 与其说他不友善, 还不如说他腼腆。10.某些以-ior结尾的形容词, 与to搭配。如: junior, senior, superior等。The book is superior to t

15、hat one I just finished reading. 这本书比我刚读完的那本书好。11.三者或三者以上的比较用最高级, 表示最高级的词前要用定冠词the。最高级的修饰语常见的有: by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite等。Andy is content with the toy. It is the best one he has ever got. 安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾经收到的最好的玩具了。This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have

16、ever seen. 这是迄今为止我看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。12.“否定词+比较级” 表示最高级意义。What do you think of your new computer? Good. I dont think I can find a better one. 你觉得你的新电脑怎么样? 很好。我想这是我能买到的最好的电脑了。13.“比较级+than any other+单数名词” 表示最高级意义, 意思为“比其他任何都”。He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他比他班里其他任何男孩都高。考点二 形容词与副词的原级表示双方在程度、

17、性质、特征等方面相同时, 用 “as+形容词(副词)原级+as” 的结构; 表示双方不相同时, 用 “not so(as)+形容词(副词)原级+as” 结构表示。There are a small number of people involved, possibly as few as twenty. 只有少数人被卷进来, 可能只有二十人。This building looks not so (as) high as that one. 这栋楼看起来不如那栋楼高。常用as.as 结构的词组: 1.as long as 只要; 和一样长I will work as long as I live

18、. 只要活着, 我就要工作。2.as far as 远到; 就而言As far as I know, he is reliable. 就我所知, 他很可靠。3.as high as 高达The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as $400.在那个国家一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。4.as soon as 一就I will call you up as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。5.as well as 既又; 和一样好He plays th

19、e piano as well as you.他钢琴弹得和你一样好。6.as good as 与一样; 几乎; 简直; 和一样好He as good as called me a coward. 他就差说我是懦夫了。考点三 倍数的表达1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B. 2.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B. 3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size, length, height 等)+of+B. 4.A is+倍数+that+of+B. 5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句. This building is three times higher than that o

20、ne. 这个建筑物比那个建筑物高三倍。This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。The output of this year is 3 times that of 2018.=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2018.今年的产量是2018年的三倍。Its said that the power plant is now twice

21、as large as what it was. 据说, 现在这个发电厂是原来的两倍大了。考点四 常用的分词形式的形容词和副词在该形容词后加-ly 则可以构成相应的副词。专项训练巩固提升单句语法填空1.(2020北京海淀高三二模)He always stressed to me,“You should have objectives and capacity like the mountain.”This has (large) influenced my life. 2.(2020北京东城二模)Reynolds travels the world to shoot pictures of E

22、arths most extreme weather events. The pictures are used by TV news channels around the world. Its a (danger) job, though. largely 修饰动词influence 需用副词largely。此处表示这极大地影响了我的生活。dangerous 修饰名词job需用形容词dangerous。此处表示这是一项危险的工作。 4.(2020广西南宁高三二模)His high school physics teacher said Cao Yuan had a strong abili

23、ty to study on his own and is (deep) curious about laboratory equipment. 3.(2020山东菏泽高三联考)It is likely that Yells service is going to be a very (attract) solution to the Japanese parents. attractive 修饰名词solution需用形容词attractive。 deeply 修饰形容词curious需用副词deeply。句意: 他的中学物理老师说, 曹源有着很强的自学能力并且对实验设备好奇心很强。5.(2

24、020贵州铜仁高三三模)Recently, cruises(游轮) have become_(popular) places than traditional forms of traveling places. more popular 根据后面的than判断该句为比较级, 故填more popular。 6.(2020贵州铜仁高三三模)Cruise ships are like miniature(小型的) cities on water, which are (full) loaded with restaurants serving all kinds of dishes. fully

25、 修饰动词load 需用副词fully。句意: 游轮就像水上小型的城市, 满载着提供各种餐饮的餐馆。 7.(2019天津,单项填空)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is (proper) established. properly 句意: 狗的饮食习惯在形成之前需要定期训练。修饰动词要用副词形式。8.(2019江苏,单项填空)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people (flexibility) options to exercise. flexibl

26、e 句意: 与传统的健身房不同, 应用程序支持的健身房为人们锻炼身体提供了灵活的选择。修饰名词要用形容词形式。flexible “灵活的, 有弹性的”。9.(2019广东深圳高级中学模拟) Confucius is also a (talent) musician who was able to play several instruments expertly. talented 句意: 孔子也是一位能熟练演奏几种乐器的天才音乐家。所填的词修饰名词, 所以用形容词形式。10.(2019山东枣庄八中质检)If they manage to reduce 7 percent of their(o

27、rigin) weight, they can pass the course. original 句意: 如果他们能成功减掉原先体重的7%就能通过课程了。所填的词修饰名词, 所以用形容词形式。 11.(2018浙江宁波模考)The (strong) motivation a learner has, the more time he or she will spend learning a second language. stronger 分析句子结构可知, 本句是 “the+比较级, the+比较级” 结构, 意为 “越, 就越” , 故填stronger。 12.(2018四川成都高中

28、毕业班第三次诊断性检测)It will be often a long time before your friend fully removes that memory, so dont be (disappoint) if it doesnt happen immediately. disappointed 句意: 要过很长时间你的朋友才会忘记那段记忆, 所以如果他没有立刻忘记, 不要失望。所填的词做be的表语, 表示 “失望的” , 故填disappointed。13.I was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first t

29、able that was (convenient) than others.more convenient 根据该句中的 “than” 可知, 空处应用形容词的比较级形式。 14.The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the(high) amount sent the next.highest 根据语境并结合常识可知, 此处表示抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包, 故用形容词的最高级形式。15.And learning to do it (correct) gives us a practical way to achi

30、eve such things as balance, motor control and rhythm(节奏) of movement.16.It might be much (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought.correctly 空处修饰动词do, 故用副词形式。 easier 根据语境及前面的much可知, 此处表示向后面推可能更容易, 故填easier。17.(sad), people can no longer visit the cave. However, another set of cave paintings has

31、 been created. Sadly 由该句结构可知, 空处位于句首做状语, 修饰整个句子, 故用副词形式。 18.Of all the ways to prove yourself, eating hot dogs against the clock is surely the (strange). strangest 由定冠词the及句意可知, 此处表示这种证明自己的方式是最奇特的, 因此应用形容词最高级形式。19.It must take place in a (careful) controlled environment, under the guidance of your doctor. carefully 此处修饰controlled需要用副词。 20.Of all the cities in the world, one of the top six(healthy) cities is Copenhagen, Denmark. healthiest 此处表示 “最健康的六大城市之一”, 应用形容词最高级形式。21.She did my first two operations when I was a baby, which were the most imp