小学六年级英语语法要点及习题

1、 小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规则一般情况下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以s.x.sh.ch结尾，力加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,女口：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewo

2、man-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese合成词单复数变化规则1）以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式。例如：homework,newspaper等。2）以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。例如：womandoctorwomendoctors,manwaitermenwaiters.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如：peoplepolice等本身就是复数，不

3、能说apeople,apolice,但可以说aperson,apoliceman,theEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。写出下列各词的复数I_him_thisherwatch_child_photo_diaryday_foot_book_dresstooth_sheep_boxstrawberrythief_peach_sandwichman_woman_paperjuicewater_

4、milk_ricetea二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Maryl

5、ikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。女口：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenpl

6、ayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，力口-es，如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watchwatches,go-goes以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一

7、般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?T

8、hegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_(like)cooking.12.They_(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefullyYoualways（do）yourhomeworkwell.I（be）ill.Imstayinginbed.She（go）toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao（do）notlikePE.Th

9、echildoften（watch）TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang（have）eightlessonsthisterm.Whatday（be）ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子TomwatchesTVeveryevening.（改为否定句）Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改为否定句）HespeaksEngl

10、ishverywell.（改为否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（对划线部分提问）JohncomesfromCanada.（对划线部分提问）Sheisagoodstudent.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改为否定句）五、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSu

11、ndays.三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加

12、ing,女口:run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：playrunswimmakegolikewrite_skireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.

13、They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusicIts5oclocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3Implayingthefootballintheplaygro

14、und.(对划线部分进行提问)4Tomisreadingbooksinhisroom.(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year)，soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fImnotgoingtoh

15、aveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhati

16、syourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When.例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto二willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.Wh

17、atyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogoonapicnic.(改否定)Nancygoingtogoonapicnic.Illgoandvisitthem.(改否定)Igovisitthem.Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatt

18、hebusstationat10:30.(改一般疑问句)meetatthebusstationat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)sheafterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.

19、Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?ItsFridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.What(d0)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cowsMary(visit)hergrandparentstomo

20、rrow.LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.I(plan)formystudynow五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：(l)am和is在一般过去时中变为waso(wasnot二wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were(werenot二werent)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are样，即否定句在was或were后

21、加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt+动词原形口：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？女口：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted末尾只有一个元音

22、字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed，如：stop-stopped以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,

23、speak-spoke,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式is/amfly_plantare_drinkplay_go_make_does_dance_worry_askeat_draw_put_eatthrow_pass_doBe动词的过去时练习（1）一、用be动词的适当形式填空Iatschooljustnow.Heatthecamplastweek.Westudentstwoyearsago.Theyonthefarmamomentago.YangLingelevenyearsoldlastyear.Thereanappleontheplateyesterda

24、y.TheresomemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephoneonthesofayesterdayevening二、句型转换Itwasexciting.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：Theywereinhispocket.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：Be动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空IanEnglishteachernow.Shehappyyesterday.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancygoodfriends.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.

25、Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildrensDay.Allthestudentsveryexcited.行为动词的过去时练习一、用行为动词的适当形式填空He(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat(eat)abirdlastnight.We(have)apartylastHalloween.I(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They(play)chessinth

26、eclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls(sing)and(dance)attheparty.二、句型转换SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：Samwenttoschoolearly.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句： 一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：行为动词的过去时练习(2)一、用be动词的适当形式填空I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfathe

27、r(read)anewspaperlastnight.Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：三、中译英斯玛特先生去年住在中国。昨天我们参观了农场。过去时综合练习(1)一、用动词的适当形式填

28、空It(be)AmysbirthdaylastFriday.Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read) Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)I(watch)acartoononMonday.We(go)toschoolonSunday.过去时综合练习(2)一、用动词的适当形式填空It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrSmart(go)tohisof

29、ficebycar.GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.Dontthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)They(make)akiteaweekago.hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.六、形容词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词

30、比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er；以字母e结尾，加r；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i,再加er。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful三、练习、写出下列形容词的比较级oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegood

31、beautiful、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：Mybrotheristwoyears(old)thanme.Tomisas(fat)asJim.Isyoursister(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.Whois(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.Whosepencil-boxis(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.Maryshairisas(long)asLucys.Ben(jump)(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.Myeyesare(big)than(she).Whichis(heavy),theeleph

32、antorthepig?、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？isthanJim？2、谁比David更强壮？thanDavid?3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？pencilis,or？4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples,youroryour?My.七、Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、th

33、erebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词短语？Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,the

34、reare”1.I_agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.atelephoneonthedesk.3.Hearadio.4.abasketballintheplayground5.Shesomedresses.6.They_anicegarden（花园）.Whatdoyou?areading-roominthebuilding?WhatdoesMike?anybooksinthebookcase?Myfatherastory-book.astory-bookonthetable.anyflowersinthevase?Howmanystudentsintheclassroom

35、?Myparentssomenicepictures.somemapsonthewall.amapoftheworldonthewall.manychildrenonthehill.用恰当的be动词填空。1、Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2、Theresomemilkintheglass.3、Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、Thereapictureandamaponthewall.5、Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、T

36、hereacakebehindthefridge（冰箱）yesterday.8、Therefourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fillintheblankwith“have,has”Ianicedress.2.Heagoodfriend.3.They_somebooks.4.Wesomeflowers.5.She_aduck.6.Myfatheranewbike.7.Hermother_avase.8.Ourteacher_anEnglishbook9.Ourteachers_abasketball.10.Nancy_manyskirts.11.David_somejacke

37、ts.12.Myfriends_afootball.TOC o 1-5 h zWhatdoyou?WhatdoesMike?Whatdoyourfriends?WhatdoesHelen?Hisbrotherabasketball.Hersisteranicedoll.MissLianEnglishbook八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后)，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性我Ime我的mymine你，你们youyou你的，你们的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我们weus我们的ourours他(她，它)们theythem他(她，它)们的theirtheirs一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)2.Thedressis.Give