2018-2019学年浦东新区高二上英语期末考试

1、2018-2019学年浦东新区高二上英语期末考试II. Grammar and Vocabulary 17%8%Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one

2、word that best fits each blank.Throughout history, people have been used to many types of crimes, but recently, we have had to face a new one: cybercrime.What exactly is cybercrime? Computers and the Internet have made life much (16) (easy) than it used to be. However, they have also brought a new c

3、riminal into our own living rooms. Cybercrime is when a crime (17) (commit) on a computer or over a network. There are many types of cybercrime, and some of the most common examples include spam(垃圾短信 ),identity theft and cracking.Spam is extremely common and almost everybody has some experience of r

4、eceiving emails they don t want in their inbox. It occurs when spammers send emails, usually and advertisement for a product or service, to a large number of people at the same time. Spammers collect email addresses from all over the Internet, (19) (send) spam to them at random.Identity theft is whe

5、n somebody steals your personal information and uses it (20) their own benefit. For example, an identity thief could find out your date of birth, address and credit card number, and then pretend (21) (be) you when they go shopping online.Cracking, or hacking, is the activity of (22) (break) into net

6、works of organizations or governments. This is a very serious crime as a hacker can access some highly confidential information and use it for illegal purposes.So (23) we depend on technology more and more for everyday things, it is important to be increasingly careful with our personal information:

7、 don be a victim of cybercrime!9%Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. risingB. attemptC. stayD. obsessedE. pressureF. popularG. abnormalH. confidenceI. physicallyJ. emotionallyEver

8、ywhere you look, there are images of the ideal body.TV programmes and magazine ads are full of perfectly proportioned models and actors, and hardly anyone who could be seen as less than perfect. Is the 24 to be perfect now so great that its destroying the self-esteem of an entire generation? Are mos

9、t teenagers today insecure because of what they see in the media?The answer is probably yes, if we consider that plastic surgery(整形手术 )is becoming more and more 25. Since 1997 there has been a 465% increase in the total number of cosmetic procedures, despite the cost.Liposuction, for example, can co

10、st up to E5,000. The number of teenagers who consider having plastic surgery just to look good is26.Teenagers are usually quite 27 about their physical appearance because its so closely connected with their sense of self-esteem and28particularly in relationships with the opposite sex. Teenagers seem

11、 towant plastic surgery for different reasons from adults. Whereas adults often want plastic surgery so that they can stand out from the crowd, teenagers usually have operations done to look more like everyone else. The desire to have a good body is so great that many young men are turning to anabol

12、ic steroids( 合成代谢类固醇 )hormones in a(n) 29 to build a better body. And its not just girls who suffer from eating disorders diagnosed with them too, so they obviously feel the same pressure to be 30 attractive as girls do.Everyone has things about themselves they would like to change. It isnt 31 or wr

13、ong to think about improving your body its important for all of us to 32 in shape, eat well and try to make the most ofourselves. But you shouldnt let the imperfections hat you find control your self-image, or youll never be happy. We ought to realize that if we feel good inside, we ll feel good wit

14、h other people.Reading Comprehension 30%Section A 10 %Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Wd ve all heard the incredible dot-com (网上公司) success about Internet

15、start-ups that became billiondollar companies almost overnight. Companies like c-Bay. PayPal, YouTube, and Google turned a(n) 33 few into instant millionaires. But what about the so-called dot-bombs , the companies that didn 34 t it? Who were they, and what did they do wrong ?W was an online grocery

16、 store that was founded in the late 1990s and wen bankrupt in 2001. On Webvan. com, a user could order groceries and have them 35 whenever they wanted. Sounds like a great idea, right? So why did it 36?Like some of its fellow Internet failures, Webvan. com moved much too fast. Within a year and a ha

17、lf, Webvan was 37 in eight cities and had plans to enter over a dozen more. Perhaps counting on a huge number of future users, Webvan spent over 51 billion on warchouses and supplies before it had become 38.But the company didn t attract the number of users it needed and soon closed its doors.Anothe

18、r39 shared by some dot-bombs is spending too much money on advertising and losingsight of the companyreal s 40. For example, the company P focused a great deal of its energy andfunding on commercials featuring a loveable sock puppet. The puppet became extremely popular with consumers and the company

19、 spent millions of dollars on advertising. But the start-up / s actual service selling and delivering pet supplies, never became popular enough with consumers to 41 all the money that was spent on promotion.The downfall of some other dot-bombs was focusing on cutting-edge technology more than user n

20、eeds. This was one of the factors leading to the failure of the British start-up B. this start-up was created to sell fashion online to consumers around the world. However, the website was difficult to navigate, and it used technology that 42 a lot of bandwidth to operate a a time when most people w

21、ere using slow dial-up connections.33. A. poorB. luckyC. unfortunateD.dissatisfied34. A.succeedB. retainC.makeD. show35. A.cookedB. washedC.conductedD. delivered36. A. failB. runC.functionD. transform37. A.availableB. measurableC. currentD.distinguished38. A. operationalB. profitableC. convenientD.a

22、daptable39. A. benefitB. objectiveC. mistakeD. contest40. A.programsB.goalsC. issuesD. pressure41. A. justifyB. adoptC.reduceD. resist42. A.decreasedB.illustratedC. ruinedD.requiredSection B 12 %Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishe

23、d statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Bomb Disposal （处理）DiverTypical salary: In the private sector you can earn up to g00, 000 a year, working just two months o

24、ut of every three.The job: Being a bomb disposal diver involves descending to the seabed and searching for unexploded bombs, shells, grenades and landmines. Then either safely recovering and collecting the weapons, or securely disposing of them.Qualifications: To dive offshore, companies will expect

25、 you to have diving qualifications and, if possible, you should have a few years diving experience. On top of that, you must be given a diving assessment and a diving first aid course. and also undergo offshore survival training. These qualifications are a must-have requirement and you should expect

26、 to pay at least &5, 000 for all these courses. And that s just the diving. To be able to dispose of thbombs safely, you ll be required to have an explosive ordnance dispEOlD）（爆炸性军械处理 ）qualification and several years of experience.To succeed as a bomb disposal diver, you need . to stay calm in stres

27、sful situations. You re pretty muyour own at depth, with no visibility, working to a very narrow timescale , says Daniel Roantree, anAnd you have to live with five to ten people in close proximity（靠近）for month or longer, so if you don t likeliving in small confined spaces with lots of other people,

28、forget it. Personal space is something of a luxury.Worst thing about the job: Expect to be away from home at least six months of the year.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word descending ?A. sinkingB.restingC. convertingD.committingWhich of the following is NOT a requirement to qualify

29、for the job as a bomb disposal diver ?A. A diving assessment.B. An EOD qualification.C. A diving first-aid course.D. Survival training on land.Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage ?The diver can enjoy much personal space.At most, the diver can stay with his family for si

30、x months a year. C. The diver has to pay at least #5, 000 year to retain the job. D. Experience is not essential to get the job.（B）It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent. Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is perform

31、ed in Africa, we are inclined（倾向于）to think thatall Africans are musicians.The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators. Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music

32、. We have records, television, concerts, and radio to fulfill many of our musical needs. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa. Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional

33、musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute and drum band is performing. Anybody can take part. This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music. Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even few

34、er can play the flute along with the ensemble. It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of music sound. Performances often take place in an open area（that is, not on a stage）

35、and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that.most of us are consumers while most of them are produ

36、cers of musicwe are musical performers and they are professional musician C most ofus are passive spectators while they are active spectatorD. we are the audience and they are the additional performerThe author of the passage implies thatA all Africans are musical and therefore music is performed in

37、 AfricaB. not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their lifeC most Africans are capable of joining in the music by playing musical instrumentD. most Africans perform as well as professional musiciansThe best title for this passage would beThe Importance of Music

38、to African PeopleDifferences Between African Music and Music of Other CountriesC The Relationship Between Musicians and Their AudienceD. A Characteristic Feature of African Musical PerformanceSection C 8%Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can

39、only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.The financial impact of switching a major on future academic choices can almost be ignored.Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead.In fact, it probably enhances it.Taking a gap year to figure things out i

40、nitially can help prevent stress and save money later on.After all. if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnA gap year has harmful effects on students not only academically but also psychologically.Today, widespread social pressure to immediatel

41、y go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year.49 And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn t feel natural doing something that isntBut while this may be true, its not

42、a good enough reason to condemn（谴责）gap years. There always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated （永久的）race to the finish line. whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative （ 赚钱的）career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does no

43、t hinder the success of academic pursuits.50Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.51 It prepares them for independence,new responsibilities and environmental changes -a

44、ll things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities.52 According to the National Center for Education Stati

45、stics, nearly 80 percent of college studentsend up changing their majors at least once. This isn su rprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after

46、 taking college classes. Its not necessarily a bad thing. but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department.S

47、ummary writing 8%Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. Ifeel there are a number of reasons for thisSome people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, a

48、t low prices. This has tumed out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this. Because good eating habits begin carly in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they cal, they will go for sweet a