成果管理会计学

1、Statement of Cash FlowsChapter 12Setting the Stage e StatementBalance SheetStatement of Cash FlowsThe statement of cash flows highlights the major activities that impact cash flows and hence, affect the overall cash balance.Purpose of the Statement of Cash FlowsAre cash flows sufficient to support o

2、ngoing operations?Can we pay debts? Can we pay dividends?Will the company have to borrow money to make needed investments?Why is there a difference between net e and net cash flow?A Fundamental Principle Cash Balance = Noncash Balance Sheet AccountsThis principle ensures that properly analyzing the

3、changes in all noncash balance sheet accounts always quantifies the cash inflows and outflows that explain the change in the cash balance. A Review of Basic EquationsBasic Equation for Asset AccountsBeginning balance + Debits Credits = Ending balanceBasic Equation for Contra-Asset, Liability, and St

4、ockholders Equity AccountsBeginning balance Debits + Credits = Ending balanceStatement of Cash Flows: Key ConceptsThe term cash on the statement of cash flows refers broadly to both currency and cash equivalents.Currency and Bank AccountsCashTreasury BillsMoney Market FundsCommercial PaperCash Equiv

5、alentsLearning Objective 12-1Classify cash inflows and outflows as relating to operating, investing, or financing activities.Organizing a Statement of Cash FlowsOperating ActivitiesRevenue and expense transactions that affect net eInvesting ActivitiesAcquiring or disposing of noncurrent assets Finan

6、cing ActivitiesBorrowing from and repaying principal to creditors and transactions with stockholders Organizing a Statement of Cash FlowsOperating Activities: Direct or Indirect Method?Reconstructs the e statement on a cash basis from top to bottomDirect MethodAccrual net e is adjusted to a cash bas

7、is; most popular methodIndirect MethodBoth methods result in the exact same amount of cash provided by operating activities.The Indirect Method: A Three-Step ProcessStep 1Step 2Step 3Add depreciation charges to net e.Analyze net changes in noncash balance sheet accounts.Adjust for gains and losses.S

8、tep 1: Add Depreciation ChargesAccumulated Depreciation is a noncash balance sheet account and we must adjust net e for all of the changes in the noncash balance sheet accounts that have occurred during the period.Basic Equation for Contra-Asset, Liability, and Stockholders Equity AccountsBeginning

9、balance Debits + Credits = Ending balanceStep 1: Add Depreciation ChargesBasic Equation for Contra-Asset, Liability, and Stockholders Equity AccountsBeginning balance Debits + Credits = Ending balance $300 $70 + Credits = $500 Credits = $500 $300 + $70 = $270 Credits = $270 Account Activity for Accu

10、mulated DepreciationBeginning balance $300Ending balance$500Accumulated depreciation of equipment sold $70Step 2: Analyze Net Changes in Noncash Balance Sheet AccountsStep 3: Adjust for Gains and LossesUnder U.S. GAAP and IFRS rules, gains and losses must be included in the investing activities sect

11、ion of the statement of cash flows. Gains and losses must be removed from net e in the operating activities section before they can be shown in the investing activities section: Gains + Losses Investing and Financing Activities: Gross Cash FlowsU.S. GAAP and IFRS require that the investing and finan

12、cing sections of the statement of cash flows disclose gross cash flows. Property, Plant, and EquipmentBasic Equation for Asset AccountsBeginning balance + Debits Credits = Ending balance $1,000 + Debits $100 = $1,800 Debits = $1,800 $1,000 + $100 Debits = $900 (cash outflow)Report $40 cash inflow.Re

13、port $900 cash outflow.Account Activity for Property, Plant, and EquipmentBeginning balance $1,000Original cost of equipment sold$100Ending balance$1,800Accumulated depreciation of equipment sold $70Cash proceeds from sale of equipment$40 Gain on the sale of equipment (included in net e)$10Retained

14、EarningsBasic Equation for Contra-Asset, Liability, and Stockholders Equity AccountsBeginning balance Debits + Credits = Ending balance $2,000 Debits + $1,200 = $3,000 $3,200 = $3,000 + Debits Debits = $200 (cash outflow)Report $1,200 net e in Operating Activities.Report $200 dividends paid in Finan

15、cing Activities.Account Activity for Retained EarningsBeginning balance $2,000Ending balance$3,000Net e$1,200Summary of Key ConceptsSummary of Key ConceptsLearning Objective 12-2Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method to determine the net cash provided by operating activities.App

16、arel, Inc. Financial StatementsApparel, Inc. Financial StatementsAn Example of a Statement of Cash FlowsIn addition to the financial statements provided, assume the following:The company sold a store that had an original cost of $15 million and accumulated depreciation of $10 million. The cash proce

17、eds from the sale were $8 million. The gain on the sale was $3 million. The company did not issue any new bonds during the year. The company did not repurchase any of its own common stock during the year.The company paid a cash dividend during the year. Operating Activities: Step 1Basic Equation for

18、 Contra-Asset, Liability, and Stockholders Equity AccountsBeginning balance Debits + Credits = Ending balance $561 million $10 million + Credits = $654 million Credits = $654 million $561 million + $10 million Credits = $103 million The first step in computing Apparels net cash provided by operating

19、 activities is to add depreciation to net e. Operating Activities: Step 2The second step in computing Apparels net cash provided by operating activities is to analyze net changes in noncash balance sheet accounts that impact net e. Operating Activities: Step 3The third step in computing Apparels net

20、 cash provided by operating activities is to adjust for gains and losses included in net e.Operating ActivitiesInvesting ActivitiesBasic Equation for Asset AccountsBeginning balance + Debits Credits = Ending balance $1,394 million + Debits $15 million = $1,517 million Debits = $1,517 million $1,394

21、million + $15 million Debits = $138 million (cash outflow)Report $8 million cash inflow.Report $138 million cash outflow.Financing ActivitiesBasic Equation for Contra-Asset, Liability, and Stockholders Equity AccountsBeginning balance Debits + Credits = Ending balance $897 million Debits + $140 mill

22、ion = $1,009 million $1,037 million = $1,009 million + Debit Debits = $28 million (cash outflow)Statement of Cash FlowsSeeing the Big PictureInterpreting the Statement of Cash FlowsA statement of cash flows should be evaluated in the context of a companys specific circumstances.Useful information can also be derived by examining the relationships among number