必修一Unit1Backtoschool模拟检测-2023高考英语大一轮复习单元配套练(译林新版)(解析)

1、必修一 Unit 1 Back to school模拟检测第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题；每题L5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选择最正确选项，并标 在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。.What does the man buy for the womans birthday?A. A pair of shoes.B. A chocolate bar.C. A coat.When did the woman first experience

2、 pain?A. On Saturday night.B. On Sunday morning.C. On Monday morning.What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Walk to work.B. Go to the gym.C. Find a cheaper parking lot.What does the woman think of her scarf?Its useful to protect her from dust.Its thick enough to keep her warm.Its not that old.Whe

3、re were the two rabbits at first?A. At the gate.B. At the corner.C. Behind the grasses.第二节（共15小题；每题1 .5分,总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选择最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每题5秒钟，听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。.What is garlic beneficial to according to the man

4、?A. The heart.B. The mouth.C. The head.What kind of food is the man more concerned about?A. The one that is cheap.B. The one that is healthy.C. The one that tastes great.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。.Why do the speakers want to celebrate?The school term is ending.The womans birthday is coming.X、当我的眼睛盯着白色的页面时，我发现

5、一个A装饰着页边空白，而不是她通常的X。）可 知，作者听了史密斯夫人的话，回到家后认真完成了作业，史密斯夫人给作业的评价是“AL 由此可知，史密斯夫人对作者的作业的评价是肯定的，See what you can do when you apply yourself?”一方面暗示史密斯夫人对作者努力的表扬，同时也鼓励作者继续努力，由此可知， 史密斯夫人在最后一句中的话暗示了表扬，应选B项。C（2022宁夏银川一中二模）Rumors had floated through the halls that the two girls were going to fight, by the time M

6、arquita Riley, 16, and Aalivah Hudson 17 ended up in their schoofs “peace room”.The peace room at Manley is a part of the schools restorative justice initiative, a growing social movement that, among other things, focuses on healing and teaching how to solve conflicts. The philosophy aims to bring t

7、ogether victims and offenders to cooperatively work through their problems.The concept is increasingly being used in schools, community centers and churches in Chicago as a way to teach young people how to analyze their anger. They learn to confront tension before it turns violent. It is also being

8、used as an alternative to punitive measures, like suspensions and arrests, which can lead to more trouble for hurting communities.The idea is that when harm happens or someone misbehaves, there needs to be a process of restoration in order for the community to move forward,“ said Ilana Zafran of Umo

9、ja Student Development. Umoja runs restorative justice programs in Chicago schools.The concept forces all sides in a disagreement to communicate and understand one another instead of resorting to violence. There may still be punishment for wrongdoing, but restorative justice emphasizes identifying h

10、urt and thinking of ways to fix it.“A lot of our kids dont want to be involved in fights. They dont want to be suspended or away from school, Jackson said. We had to create an environment of peace. High school has to be a pleasurable experience for our kids. If they come here and feel the same anxie

11、ty they feel in the streets, how can we expect them to stay?”Among the people there were Marquita and Aaliyah, the two girls rumored to be gearing up for a major fight. After another 20 minutes of discussion, they agreed they had simply misunderstood each other. The girls decided they would not figh

12、t, and promised they would talk it over if they found themselves facing tension again.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了芝加哥的一些学校通过开设和平室来调解学生之间的矛盾、解 决冲突。28.What may result from lack of restorative justice in communities?A. Alternatives to punishment.B. Violent tension.Processes of restoration.D. Controlled anger.【答案

13、】B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The concept forces all sides in a disagreement to communicate and understand one another instead of resorting to violence.（这一理念迫使分歧各方相互沟通和理解， 而不是诉诸暴力户可知，社区缺乏恢复性司法可能会导致关系极度紧张，甚至暴力冲突，应选 Bo.Which can replace the underlined phrase in Paragraph 5?A. Turning to.B. Putting up with.C. Lo

14、oking back to.D. Making up for.【答案】A【解析】词义猜想题。根据画线词上文“The concept forces all sides in a disagreement to communicate and understand one another instead of，可知，instead of表示“而不是，说明这一概念迫使存在分 歧的各方相互沟通和理解，而不是求助于暴力来解决问题。故画线词意思是“求助于，应选Ao.Why does the author give an example of Marquita and Aaliyah?A. To prove

15、 effectiveness of peace room.B. To show the harm of campus violence.C. To explain the reason for suspension.D. To introduce kids school experiences.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Among the people there were Marquita and Aaliyah, the two girls rumored to be gearing up from a major fight. After another 20 minu

16、tes of discussion, they agreed they had simply misunderstood each other. The girls decided they would not fight, and promised they would talk it over if they found themselves facing tension again.（在和平室里的同学包括马奎塔和 阿利耶，这两个女孩据传正在为一场大战做准备。经过20分钟的谈话，她们一致认为他们只 是误解了对方。女孩们决定不打架，并承诺如果她们发现自己再次面临紧张局势，她们会好好 谈谈）“

17、可知，原本决意大打一场的马奎塔和阿利耶经过在和平室里好好谈了 20分钟后放弃了 之前的想法，决定好好相处，这说明和平室在调解矛盾、解决冲突方面起了很大的作用，作者 提到这两个女同学就是为了证明这一点，应选A。.What does the passage mainly talk about?The way to develop students9 team work in schools.Ways people can use to control their anger.How high school students misbehave when facing disagreement.A

18、schooPs “peace room“ aims to end fighting in the halls.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The peace room at Manley is a part of the schooPs restorative justice initiative, a growing social movement that, among other things, focuses on healing and teaching how to solve conflicts. The philosophy aims to bring toget

19、her victims and offenders to cooperatively work through their problems.（曼利的和平室是学校恢复性司法建议的一局部，这是一项不断开展的社 会运动，除了其他事情外，重点是治愈和教授如何解决冲突。该哲学旨在将受害者和罪犯聚集 在一起，合作解决他们的问题广结合文章介绍了芝加哥的一些学校通过开设和平室来调解学生 之间的矛盾、解决冲突。可知，这篇文章主要谈论了学校的“和平室”旨在结束大厅里的斗殴， 应选D。D（2022河北石家庄二模）My Ph.D. adviser informed me I had failed my qualif

20、ying exam on my third attempt, which meant dismissal from the program. How was it possible that one exam one hour of my life could define me as unfit to be a scientist?I wasnt sure what to expect when I started my Ph.D. program. I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless ho

21、urs studying in the library. I ended that year with increased confidence. But soon my confidence went when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam. I had switched research projects 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasnt so confident going into the exam. Besid

22、es, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying.Once it was over, my committee told me Id conditionally passed, which meant T had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further. I was shaken but still hopeful. But when I retook the exam, I failed a

23、gain. Thafs when I was told Id have one more chance.For the next 5 months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions. I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations. I was all in.When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and r

24、elief. But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned Id failed. I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish. This hampered my ability to comfortably speak the expected language of science.”My adviser reques

25、ted to reinstate（恢复）me to the Ph.D. program, and Im now back to working on my doctorate. I still have a little voice in the back of my head that Im not good enough. But T try to stop it by sunounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientistI

26、 know I can be. I am much more than that one-hour exam.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很屡次失败，但仍不气 馁，始终都意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。.How did the author feel by the end of the first year?A. Confident.B. Terrified.C. Worn out.D. At a loss.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“I ended that year with increased confidence.（那一年结束

27、时，我的信心 更加增强了。广可知，在第一年年底时，作者感觉到特别有信心，应选A项。.Why did the author switch her research project?A. She found it too hard for her.B. Her adviser dismissed her from it.C. She failed the qualifying exam.D. Her adviser no longer worked there.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段I had switched research projects 5 months earlier

28、, after my first adviser left the university,（5个月前，在我的第一位导师离开大学之后，我已经改变了研究工程厂可知，她 的导师已不再在那里工作了，所以她改变了研究工程了，应选D项。. What affected her performance in the third exam?A. Lack of preparation.B. Decreased confidence.C. Insufficient language skills.D. Too much time on lab work.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“I speak S

29、panish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish. This hampered my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science（我在家里说西班牙语，但即使是最简单的科学概念，我也很难翻译成西 班牙语。这阻碍了我轻松地说预期的“科学语言”）”可知，是因为她的语言技能缺乏影响了她 在第三次考试中的表现，应选C项。.Which word best describe t

30、he author?A. Intelligent.B. Sensitive.C. Energetic.D. Determined.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.（但我试图阻止这 一切，通过自己找到支持我的教授，并专注于开展自我成为自己能成为的伟大的科学家）”可知， 作者讲述了自己在

31、攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很屡次失败，但仍不气馁，始终在坚持自己成为 科学家的梦想，所以由此可以推断出作者是一个意志坚定的人，应选D项。第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （2022可d匕唐山二模）When a soccer ball lands in the garden, flattening newly grown peas, or a weeder pulls out a row of young plants by mistake, many gardeners would scream

32、.36 When something sets youback, isnt that a negative thing?37 It is used to educate students about agricultural practices. Then those little setbacks areopportunities for learning.“The garden is a wonderful place where children learn to come up with solutions to challenges they might not otherwise

33、experience J says Lisa Giroday, program manager for The Classroom Gardener, who helps schools transform schoolyards into dynamic outdoor learning environments. Nature is nature.38 Lots of thingscome up in real time, and students have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.39 After several dec

34、ades of research into the effects of school gardens, social scientists and educatorsare starting to see the wide-ranging benefits that come from having green and growing spaces available to children at school, Some of these discoveries might surprise you. In the garden, children are usually freer to

35、 engage in what educators call risk assessment - activities that permit broader exploration, experimenting, and questioning.40 It is key to responding properly in social situations.Of course, it is.Not if youre in a school garden.After all, growing food is hard work.Students learn to solve problems

36、out of class.Tn the process they develop the ability to self-adjust.Things are never going to happen the way you imagine.But training problem solving is just part of doing school gardening.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在学校开辟花园让学生去实践会为学生们提供很好的学 习机会，带来意想不到的效果。.【答案】C【解析】 根据前文“When a soccer ball lands in the gar

37、den, flattening newly grown peas, or a weeder pulls out a row of young plants by mistake, many gardeners would scream.（当一个足球落在花园里，压 扁了新长的豌豆，或者除草工错误地拔出了一排幼苗时，许多园丁都会尖叫）“可知，如果意 料之外事情毁掉了新长的豌豆，或者错误的拔出了一排幼苗，许多园丁会尖叫，接下来解释 尖叫的原因，C项“毕竟，种植粮食是一项艰苦的工作。”可以解释人们尖叫的原因，符合语境，应选c。.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段最后一句话“When something se

38、ts you back, isnt that a negative thing?（某件事让你 退缩时，这不是一件消极的事情吗？）“可知，上文中的最后一句话为反义疑问句，所以第二 段的开头先要回答这个问题。根据第二段空后的句子“It is used to educate students about agricultural practices.（它用于教育学生有关农业实践）”可知，本句中的it指代能够教育学生农 业实践的事情，所以B项中的“in a school garden”为it指代的内容。而not是用来回答第一段 最后的问题。B项“如果你在学校花园里就不会这样。”能够承上启下，符合语境，

39、应选B。.【答案】F【解析】 根据空后“Lots of things come up in real time, and students have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.（很多事情都是在现实中发生的，学生们有机会学习如何解决问题户可知，很多 事情都是在现实世界中发生的，并不像人们想象的那样，这样就有机会让学生们学习如何解 决问题。F项“事情永远不会像你想象的那样发生。”符合语境，应选F。.【答案】G【解析】 根据第三段最后句话“Lots of things come up in real time, and student

40、s have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.（很多事情都是在现实中发生的，学生们有机会学习如何解决问题）” 以及空后的句子“After several decades of research into the effects of school gardens, social scientists and educators are starting to see the wide-ranging benefits that come from having green and growing spaces available to

41、 children at school.（在对学校花园的影响进行了几十年的研究之 后，社会科学家和教育工作者开始看到学校里有绿色和生长空间给孩子们带来的广泛好处）” 可知，学校的花园能够给学生们创造实际解决问题的机会，但是解决问题的只是学校花园给 学生带来的好处的一局部。G项“但培训解决问题只是学校园艺的一局部。”能够承上启下， 符合语境，应选G。.【答案】E【解析】 根据空前“In the garden, children are usually freer to engage in what educators call risk assessment -activities that p

42、ermit broader exploration, experimenting, and questioning.（在花园里， 孩子们通 常更自由地参与教育者所说的风险评估允许进行更广泛的探索、实验和提问的活动广可 知，在花园中孩子们可以广泛的探索、实验和提问。在这一过程中，他们会培养自我调整的 能力。E项“在这个过程中，他们培养了自我调整的能力。”符合语境，应选E。第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。（改编自 2022辽宁模拟预测）1 was luc

43、ky enough to have many great teachers. However, one in particular41 what I am today: Lin Robbins, my 8th-grade reading teacher.Miss Robbinss 42 was infectious. She was always smiling and had boundless energy. It never feltlike she was 43; she seemed to just want to share really cool things with you.

44、Miss Robbins gave me a novel one afternoon. It wasnt a(n)44.She just said, I think youll really like this. She was right. I immediately 45 with the hero and I felt a little less alone.This 46 me to start writing, and I havent 47 since. After I moved on to high school, I wouldstill 48 and share my wo

45、rks with her, lots of which were 49 short stories about dog detectives, butshe read them all, and told me two words: Keep 50.She had a small library at the back of the classroom with a(n)51 policy about borrowing books.Often taking a book to read, she wasnt shy about 52 her passion for literature wi

46、th us. Besides, she hadthe 53 to find out what you needed to improve.Now being a writer, Tm grateful that Miss Robbins 54 whatever in me, and that she gave me thegentle 55 I needed to become a writer.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自己因受到八年级老师的热情鼓励，最终走上文学之路的 故事。A. shapedB. affectedC. amazedD. admired【答案】A【解析】A.

47、shaped 塑造；B. affected 影响；C. amazed 使惊讶；D. admired 欣赏。根据 was lucky enough to have many great teachers.(我很幸运遇到一位很棒的老师)”语义此处当初遇到老师，然后才成 就今天的我。是老师塑造了我，应选A。A. generosityB. enthusiasmC. strengthD. attitude【答案】B【解析】A. generosity 慷慨；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. strength 力量;D. attitude 态度。根据下文“She was always smiling

48、and had boundless energy.(她总是面带微笑，有着无尽的能量)”可知，老师的随 和与活力表现出老师的热情，应选B。A. performingB. adjustingC. improvingD. teaching【答案】D【解析】A. performing执行;B. adjusting调整；C. improving改善;D. teaching教学。根据上文可知, 罗宾斯小姐是我的老师，因此推断此处说的是教授知识，应选D。A. assignmentB. bonusC. tipD. course【答案】A【解析】A. assignment作业；B.bonus奖金；C.tip指点

49、；D. course课程。根据上文“she seemed to just want to share really cool things with you.（她似乎只是想和你提供一些很酷的事情）“可知，老师 只是提供美好的事情，目的是提升孩子们的兴趣。并不是给学生布置任务，应选A。45A. connectedB. competedC. agreedD. argued【答案】A【解析】A. connected 连接；B. competed 竞争；C. agreed 同意；D. argued 认为。根据上文“I think youll really like this.（我认为你会喜欢这本书的广

50、以及“She was right（她说的对）“可知，我对老师的判 断是认可的，因此觉得自己找到了知己。与老师的想法有共同之处，应选A。A. forcedB. inspiredC. remindedD. challenged【答案】B【解析】A. forced 强迫；B. inspired 启发;C. reminded 提醒；D. challenged 挑战。根据上文“I think you911 really like this.（我认为你会喜欢这本书的厂以及“She was right（她说的对户可知，因为老师的鼓 励，我开始写作，所以是受到老师的启发，应选B。A. hesitatedB.

51、consultedC. stoppedD. contribute【答案】C【解析】A. hesitated 犹豫；B. consulted 咨询；C. stopped 停止；D. contribute 贡献。根据下文“share my works with her（与她提供我的作品厂说明，我写了很多作品，因此此处是没有停止写作，应选 CoA. break throughB. drop byC. show offD. make advances【答案】B【解析】A. break through 突破；B. drop by 顺便拜访；C. show off 炫耀；D. make advances

52、取得进步。 根据上文“After I moved on to high school（我继续就读高中）”可知，我读了高中跟这个初中老师 不在同一个学校，因此是顺便去拜访老师，应选B。A. attractiveB. secondaryC. terribleD. positive【答案】C【解析】Attractive迷人的，有吸引力的；B.secondary次要的;C.terrible糟糕的;D.positive积极乐 观的；良好的，正面的。根据下文“but she read them all（但她全部读完了）”，这里使用转折， 说明我的一些作品不好，但是老师认真读完了，应选C。A. readin

53、gB. enjoyingC. learningD. writing【答案】D【解析】A. reading 阅读；B. enjoying 享受；C. learning 学习；D. writing 写作。根据上文“start writing（开 始写作广所以，老师鼓励我继续写作，应选D。A.individualB. potentialC. openD. aimless【答案】c【解析】A. individual单独的,个别的;B. potential潜在的,可能的；C.open开发的;D. aimless没有 方向的，无目标的。这是一个位于教室后部的小型图书馆，供学生借阅图书的，应该是“开 放借书

54、的政策”，应选C。52A. sharingB. formingC. awakeningD. cooling【答案】A【解析】A. sharing共享；B. fonning形成；C.awakening觉醒；D.cooling冷却。根据上文“she seemed to just want to share really cool things with you.（她似乎只想与我们提供美好的事物）“可知，老师 是乐于与我们提供的，应选A。A. assumptions. abilityC. professionD. decision【答案】B【解析】A. assumption假设;B. ability

55、能力；C.profession.职业,专业；D. decision决定。根据语境可 知，作为学生，老师是有能力帮我找出问题，并鼓励我改进的，应选B。A. correctedB. expectedC. protectedD. saw【答案】D【解析】A. corrected 纠正；B. expected 预期；C. protected 保护；D. saw 看到。根据上文“I think youll really like this.（我认为你会喜欢这本书的厂以及“She was right（她是对的户可知，老师能够看到 学生的特点及书的特点，并给与合适的建议和鼓励，应选D。55A. knockB

56、. techniqueC. pushD. option【答案】C【解析】A. knock敲击;B. technique技巧，技艺；C. push推动，鼓励;D. option选择。根据上文“find out what you needed to improve（发现你应该改进的地方”可知，老师发现作者可提高的局部， 然后提出改进意见帮助作者成长。因此这是老师对作者的鼓励与推动，应选C。第二节（共10小题；每题L5分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（改编自2021 浙江省宁波市堇B州中学高二阶段练）Everyone would have succe

57、ss if it were free. Butthere are few successful 56（individual）and each of them had put in enough productive work57 they received anything in return. While working hard on what you believe in, youre understanding itstrue value. You begin to respect the work itself, to build some 58(exception)qualitie

58、s along the way, andto learn important life lessons during it.There is a popular 59(believe)that in the beginning of your journey, you arent ready to handle thesuccess and all the responsibilities that come together with it. But earning it with sweat and sacrifices 60(prepare)you for that. So the ha

59、rd work, together with the time it takes, is 61 must onyour journey to success. It makes you who you have to turn into to livethe better life thafs waiting fbr you. Whafs more, the harder you work on your dream, the more 62(confidence)you become.Hard work gives you a purpose-it helps you to be patie

60、nt, to take action instead of waiting merely for things to happen, to stop blaming yourself or others and be 63(responsibility)for anything you have ordont have in your life.Now that you know all this about hard work, never question 64(it)power. Instead, create yourstrategy, make a step-by-step plan