《学术论文写作》课件 English Academic Writing 1

1、English Academic Writing 1I. Foreword1. Teaching Target：para 1， P12. Characteristics: Para 23. Theoretical Basis : Para 3 II.Teaching Scheme Week 1-17 III Requirement1. Homework2. Website3. Test Chapter One Key points:1.Steps of Doing Research2.Important Facts on Research 3. Terms in ResearchI. Rese

2、arch Orientation1. Q：What is the definition of thesis?A: Para 1II. Understanding a Research Paper2.1Research: What it is.A research paper is the culmination and final product of an involved process of research, critical thinking, source evaluation, organization, and composition. It is, perhaps, help

3、ful to think of the research paper as a living thing, which grows and changes as the student explores, interprets, and evaluates sources related to a specific topic. Primary and secondary sources are the heart of a research paper, and provide its nourishment; without the support of and interaction w

4、ith these sources, the research paper would morph into a different genre of writing (e.g., an encyclopedic article). The research paper serves not only to further the field in which it is written, but also to provide the student with an exceptional opportunity to increase her knowledge in that field

5、. It is also possible to identify a research paper by what it is not.2.2 Research: What it is not.A research paper is not simply an informed summary of a topic by means of primary and secondary sources. It is neither a book report nor an opinion piece nor an expository essay consisting solely of one

6、s interpretation of a text nor an overview of a particular topic. Instead, it is a genre that requires one to spend time investigating and evaluating sources with the intent to offer interpretations of the texts, and not unconscious regurgitations of those sources. The goal of a research paper is no

7、t to inform the reader what others have to say about a topic, but to draw on what others have to say about a topic and engage the sources in order to thoughtfully offer a unique perspective on the issue at hand.III. Reasons for Research What makes people undertake research?The possible motives for d

8、oing research may be either one or more of the following:1. Desire to get a research degree along with its consequential benefits;2. Desire to face the challenge in solving the unsolved problems, i.e., concern over practical problems initiates research;3. Desire to get intellectual joy of doing some

9、 creative work;4. Desire to be of service to society;5. Desire to get respectability.However, this is not an exhaustive list of factors motivating people to undertake research studies.IV Steps of doing research1. choose your topic, 2.Find basic information 3. Refine your topic4. Develop a working th

10、esis5. Locate and retrieve sources6. Keep track of the resources7.Evaluate the source8. Read the materials and take notes9. Writing up the paper.10. Editing and Proof-readingV. Important Facts on Research1. Critical and Creative2. Interests, devotion, enthusiasm and perseverance3. No pattern4. Writi

11、ng and search5. Plagiarism, NO. VI. Terms in research6.1 Primary and secondary researchQ: Differences6.2 Experimental R vs. NON-experimental R6.3 Qualitative R vs. quantitative RVII Tips1. Schedule2.journal3.bibliographyVIII 2 main types of research paperAnalytical Research Paper:The analytical rese

12、arch paper often begins with the student asking a question on which he has taken no stance. Such a paper is often an exercise in exploration and evaluation. For example, perhaps one is interested in the Old English poem Beowulf. He has read the poem intently and desires to offer a fresh reading of t

13、he poem to the academic community. His question may be as follows.How should one interpret the poem Beowulf?His research may lead him to the following conclusion.Beowulf is a poem whose purpose was to serve as an exemplum (劝喻性故事) of heterodoxy for tenth- and eleventh-century monastic communities.Tho

14、ugh his topic may be debatable and controversial, it is not the students intent to persuade the audience that his ideas are right while those of others are wrong. Instead, his goal is to offer a critical interpretation of primary and secondary sources throughout the paper-sources that should, ultima

15、tely, buttress his particular analysis of the topic. The following is an example of what his thesis statement may look like once he has completed his research.Though Beowulf is often read as poem that recounts the heroism and supernatural exploits of the protagonist Beowulf, it may also be read as a

16、 poem that served as an exemplum of heterodoxy for tenth- and eleventh-century monastic communities found in the Danish.This statement does not negate the traditional readings of Beowulf; instead, it offers a fresh and detailed reading of the poem that will be supported by the students research.It i

17、s typically not until the student has begun the writing process that his thesis statement begins to take solid form. In fact, the thesis statement in an analytical paper is often more fluid than the thesis in an argumentative paper. Such is one of the benefits of approaching the topic without a pred

18、etermined stance.2. Argumentative Research Paper:The argumentative research paper consists of an introduction in which the writer clearly introduces the topic and informs his audience exactly which stance he intends to take; this stance is often identified as the thesis statement. An important goal

19、of the argumentative research paper is persuasion, which means the topic chosen should be debatable or controversial. For example, it would be difficult for a student to successfully argue in favor of the following stance.Cigarette smoking poses medical dangers and may lead to cancer for both the sm

20、oker and those who experience secondhand smoke.Perhaps 25 years ago this topic would have been debatable; however, today, it is assumed that smoking cigarettes is, indeed, harmful to ones health. A better thesis would be the following.Although it has been proven that cigarette smoking may lead to various health problems in the smoker, the social acceptance of smoking in public places demonstrates that many still do not consider secondhand smoke as dangerous to ones health as fir