加拿大奶牛肉牛李氏杆菌病(转圈病)

1、李氏杆菌病(转圈病)Listeriosis (Circling Disease)韩特博士编辑Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt王雅春博士翻译Translated by Dr. Yachun 病因/发病机理 Cause & Pathogenesis产单核细胞李氏杆菌Listeria monocytogenes土壤、青贮或粪便中的革兰氏阳性杆菌Gram-positive rod present in soil, silage & feces与公众健康有关Public Health Concern 来源于牛奶或其它分泌物 From milk or other secretions

2、 流产、脑膜炎和败血症Abortion, meningitis & septicemia经常与饲喂青贮有关（其菌发酵不良的草或玉米青贮中扩增）Often associated with silage feeding (will proliferate in poorly fermented grass or corn silage)感染可发生于包括人类的所有物种，但在反刍动物中更为普遍Infection can occur in all species including man but more common in ruminants传播途径是通过采食过程（败血症和流产）以及以脑炎的形式口腔

3、传染（三叉神经）Transmission is by oral ingestion (septicemia & abortion) and oral infection with encephalitic form (trigeminal nerve)成年牛中枢神经系统最常见的细菌感染微脓肿Most common bacterial infection of the CNS in adult cattle micro-abscesses危险因素Risk Factors腐败的青贮Spoiled silage临床症状Clinical Findings脑炎形式Encephalitic form体温升

4、高，厌食和消沉Elevated temperature, anorexia and depression运动失调，步伐蹒跚，膝关节弯曲Incoordination, stumbling gait, knuckling 转圈，头偏或倾斜而且运动失调Circling, head deviation or tilt and ataxia一面脸部麻痹（耳朵，眼睑和/或嘴唇下垂）Unilateral facial paralysis (ear, eyelid and/or lip droop)眼球震颤，全眼球炎而且斜视Nystagmus, panophthalmitis and strabismus 吞

5、咽苦难流口水，舌头麻木和流涎不止Problems with swallowing drooling, tongue paralysis & excessive salivation病情进一步恶化，在12周内死于呼吸困难Progresses and die of respiratory failure in 1-2 weeks流产Abortion偶尔发生Sporadic通常在妊娠的最后三个月胎衣不下，子宫炎而且发烧Usually in last trimester retained placenta, metritis & fever败血症Septicemia 新生幼畜Neonates消沉，发烧

6、，痢疾和虚弱Depression, fever, diarrhea & weakness逐渐发展成侧卧，角弓反张，角膜浑浊而后12小时内死亡Progresses to lateral recumbency, opisthotonus, corneal opacity and death in 12 hours乳房炎Mastitis 四分之一乳区发病，慢性的而且治疗无效Single quarter, chronic & unresponsive to treatment诊断Diagnosis继往病史，临床症状，CSF敲击以及死后剖检结果History, clinical signs, CSF t

7、ap and post mortem results鉴别诊断Differential Diagnosis脑干脓肿Brain stem abscesses狂犬病Rabies中耳炎Inner ear infection血栓栓塞性脑膜脑炎或昏睡嗜血杆菌病ITEME脑灰质软化症Polioencephalomalacia铅中毒Lead poisoning实验室和病理学诊断Laboratory and PathologyCSF炎症细胞众多的浑浊液体CSF cloudy fluid with high # inflammatory cells死后脑部有微脓肿Post-mortemmicro-abscesse

8、s in brain肝脏、脾脏和心肌中有坏死的病灶败血症Necrotic foci in liver, spleen heart and myocardium - septicemia治疗Treatment如果已经有临床症状，医治无效Point less if clinical signs改变日粮Change feed土霉素IV，10毫克/kg体重，治疗5天Oxytetracycline IV 10 mg/kg for 5 days青霉素IM，44,000 IU/kg体重/天， 治疗7天Penicillin IM 44,000 IU/kg/day for 7 days精心照料Nursing care预后情况Prognosis如果已出现临床症状，预后不良Poor