2020届山西省45校高三第一次联考英语试题(解析版)

1、第页 45 校 2020 届高三第一次联考英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、R C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? 19.15. 9.15. 9.18.答案是 B。1. Where is the woman now?A. In the classroom

2、.B. In the park.What is the woman looking for?A. A hank.B. A museum.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Money.B. A wallet.C. In the library.C. A park.C. A credit card.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a meeting room.B. In a classroom.C. In the playground.What is th

3、e woman s plan for tonight?A. To go out to eat.B.To see a film.C.To work at home.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、 7 题。How many pencils does the woman want?A. 12.B. 10.C. 4.Wha

4、t rulers does the woman buy in the end?A. Steel ones.B. Wooden ones.C. Plastic ones.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、 9 题。Where does Adam live now?A. In New York.B. In Houston.C. In Chicago.What do we know about the man?He lives in the same city with his children.He doesn t have any friends in the city.He can t have

5、a dog as a pet.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。When did the woman decide to finish her homework?A. By this Friday.B. By this Saturday.C. By next Monday.What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Attend a party.B. Clean her room.C. Visit hercousins.Where did the woman find her useful materials?A. From some

6、 books.B. From the Internet.C. From her brother.听第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 题。How long did the man stay in the US?A. Three weeks.B. Four weeks.C. Six weeks.How did the man travel around the US?s parents unhappy about?A. By car.B. By bus.C. By train.Which of the following were the manThe Disneyland prices.Th

7、e small town restaurant.The flight over the Grand Canyon.What does the man like best about San Francisco?A. The cafes.B. The bridge.C. The zoo.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。When will the sports center open?On the 5th of May.On the 12th of May.On the 14th of May.Where is the sports center?Across the subway stati

8、on.Next to the supermarket.Next to a hotel.How much is the monthly membership fee?A. 45.B. 40.C. 19.What will Sonia Smith do in the sports center?Give dance classes.Teach tennis classes.Offer yoga classes.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOne of the best stu

9、dent cities: BostonBoston, Massachusetts is the unofficial student capital of the United States. The greaterBoston area contains some of the most famous universities in the world, including Harvard andthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）. With their reputation attracting some of thebright

10、est students from around the globe, the heart of NewEngland is young, energetic and active.Best spotsThe Fenway area home of the Boston Red Sox baseball team - attracts students from nearby schools. On game days, the neighborhood s many sports bars are packed with college students.The Harvard Square

11、 is also a popular gathering spot for Harvard and MIT students, with several restaurants serving up affordable and tasty food.Student activitiesBoston s most popular college events are the universities annual music festivals - like Yardfest at Harvard and Spring Fling at Tufts University during whic

12、h big-name stars perform free concerts before the spring semester ends.The Berklee College of Music, which attracts top international talent and counts the bandPassion Pit among its alumni （ 男校友）,often organizes free student performances in such picture-perfect locations as the Boston Harbor Nationa

13、l Park. The free-to-watch boating races on the Charles River are also well-attended on fair-weather race days, when students cheer on their classmates.Student discountsThe Museumof Fine Arts, one of Boston s leading cultural institutions, is free for students carrying ID from one of the many schools

14、 in the city and the museum s special exhibits and filmscreenings are discounted for students.The historic Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum and the New England Aquarium offer discounts for all university students, while admission to Harvard s museum is free for Harvard studentsand discounted for all

15、other college kids. Even movie theatres like Regal Cinemas Fenway and AMC Loews Boston Common cut students a discount.The underlined part “the heart of New England in paragraph one refers to . A. Boston B. MassachusettsC. Harvard D. the MITThe Fenway area most probably attracts students who have int

16、erest in . A. food B. sportsC. music D. scienceWe learn from the text that the Berklee College of Music . often gives free performancesoften invites big stars to performorganises performances along the Charles Riverattracts talented teachers such as the Passion Pit membersWhich of the following is f

17、ree for students carrying ID from one of the schools in Boston?The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum.The New England Aquarium.The Museum of Fine Arts.Regal Cinemas Fenway.【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C【解析】文章主要讲述了波士顿是美国最古老、最有文化价值的城市之一：拥有世界上最著名的大学；芬威区 - 波士顿红袜棒球队主场；伯克利音乐学院；美术博物馆等。词义猜测题。根据“ With their reputatio

18、n attracting some of the brightest students from around the globe ” 由于他们的名声吸引了来自世界各地的一些最聪明的学生， their 指代的是波士顿的名牌学 校。所以英格兰的心脏指的是波士顿。根据题意，故选A。细节理解题。根据“ The Fenway area home of the Boston Red Sox baseball team attractsstudents from nearby schools. ” 芬威区 -波士顿红袜棒球队主场，吸引了附近学校的学生。可知“ The Fenway area ”吸引学生过来

19、是因为学生对运动感兴趣。根据题意，故选 B。细节理解题。根据“ often organizes free student performances in such picture-perfect locations as the Boston Harbor National Park. ” 经常组织这样的免费学生表演在波士顿港国家公园。选项A 正确，选项C错误；选项B文章未提及邀请大牌明星表演；根据which attracts top international talentand counts the band Passion Pit among its alumni （男校友 ） ” 吸引

20、国际顶尖人才和Passion Pit 乐队。选项D错误。根据题意，故选Ao细节理解题。根据“ The Museumof Fine Arts, one of Boston s leading cultural institutions, is free for students carrying ID” 美术博物馆是波士顿主要的文化机构之一，它是免费为学生提供身份证。根据题意，故选 C。BKnown as “wolf girl ” at her West Warwick, R.I., school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much ofher young lifete

21、aching others to protect and respect animals. After starting a wolf club in secondgrade, Alyssa learned all she could about her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentationsabout protecting wolves at librariesand schools she s even spoken at a university.In fact,she s become such a wolf expert th

22、at she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Coalition.When she s not teaching others about wolves, Alyssa can be found volunteering at her localanimal shelter, taking care of dogs and cats. She s also trained as a citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA. In short, Alyss

23、a Grayson proves that you are never too young to make a difference for animals.When asked how she got interested in saving wolves, Alyssa says, I ve loved wolves since I saw them in a movie when I was 2 or 3 years old. Then one day I saw a commercial about wolf hunting. I asked my mother why people

24、do this, and she told me because people don t like wolves. I decided from then that I wanted to save wolves.”Today, wolves are hunted, trapped, or poisoned. Hunters chase wolves for miles in an airplane until the wolves are too exhausted to run anymore. Then they shoot them. The animal doesn t have

25、a chance to escape. Animals are also trapped for their fur. They are left to suffer in a trap with no food, water, or shelter. Alyssa thinks the fur looks better on the animal in the wild, where it s meant to be, than on a human.Alyssa believes wolves are important to our worlds. She says, a Wolves

26、are an apex predator, which means they are at the top of the food chain. Removing them from the ecosystem is a big mistake. The ecosystem is like a chain of dominoes （多米诺骨牌） with the apex predator as the one in front. If you were to knock down that domino, the rest of the chain would go down too.”Pe

27、ople usually think of “the Big Bad Wolf when they hear about wolves. However, Alyssa says,“ If they would base their thoughts on facts, not fairy tales, we wouldn t have peoplewanting to kill wolves. ” 5. Alyssa is known as “wolf girl at her school because . A. she keeps wolves as pets B. she was ra

28、ised by wolves C. she does a lot to protect wolves D. she started a wolf club at her school 6. According to the first and second paragraphs, Alyssa . A. gained knowledge about wolves at libraries B. cares about other animals besides wolves C. started to give presentations since second grade D. is th

29、e first junior citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA 7. Paragraph four is mainly about . A. why wolves are killedwhy wolves are trappedthe tools used to hunt wolveshow wolves are treatedFrom the last paragraph we can infer that Alyssa . doesn t need fairy talesdoesn t believe in fairy talesencourages

30、 people to find out the facts about wolvesbelieves that more people will work to save wolves【答案】5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C【解析】文章主要讲述了艾丽莎在二年级开始一个狼俱乐部之后，她开始知道她最喜欢的动物是狼。她呼 吁人们客观的去对待这种动物，不要因为童话故事对它存在偏见。.细节理解题。根据文章“Knownas wolf girl at her West Warwick, R.I., school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much of her young l

31、ife teaching others to protect and respect animals. Alyssa Grayson , 在West Warwick, R.I.学校众所周知被称为狼女，因为她用她的青春教会了其他人保护和尊重动物。根据 题意，故选C. 推理判断题。根据 After starting a wolf club in second grade, Alyssa learned all she couldabout her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentations about protecting wolves at

32、libraries and schools - she s even spoken at a university. ” 在二年级开始一个狼俱乐部之后，艾丽莎知道 了她最喜欢的动物。今天，她在图书馆和学校做关于保护狼的演讲一一她甚至在一所大学里演讲过。可知选项 C错误；据 In fact, she s become such a wolf expert that she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Coalition. 事实上，她成为了一个狼的专家，她被任命为国家狼观察者联盟第一初级

33、顾问。选项D错误；根据文章第二段描述她除了关心狼之外，她还照顾其 TOC o 1-5 h z 他的动物：猫、狗，还成为青蛙观察者。根据题意，故选B。.主旨大意题。文章第四段主要讲述了狼被猎杀、被困或中毒。人们甚至为了它的皮毛不断地去猎杀，不给它逃生的机会，可知该段讲述了狼是如何被对待的。根据题意，故选D.推理判断题。根据 People usually think ofthe Big Bad Wolf when they hear about wolves.However, Alyssa says, “ If they would base their thoughts on facts, no

34、t fairy tales, we wouldnt have people wanting to kill wolves.当人们提到狼的时候往往说大坏狼。如果人们把想法建立在事实的基础上，而不是童话上，我们人类就没有人想要杀死他们。可推知艾丽莎鼓励人们要客观的去对待，看到狼真实的一面。根据题意，故选 QThe value of the U.S. penny has been dropping for years. Many countries have stopped using pennies. Is it time for the U.S. to do the same?Those who

35、 think we should keep the U.S. penny offer the following arguments to support their positions:Prices will increase. If we get rid of the penny, everything will have to be rounded to the nickel （ 五分硬币 ）,costing us more for everything we buy.Charities need pennies. There are thousands of small chariti

36、es that depend on pennies to bring in donations. People think nothing of pouring out their old penny jars to support charity, but they won t part with nickels so easily.Nickels cost even more to make. If we get rid of the penny, we will need more nickels in circulation. Nickels cost 7.7 cents to mak

37、e, 2.7 cents over face value, as opposed to 0.26 cents over face value to make a penny. Since the penny costs 0.26 more than face value to make, the Mint （ 铸币厂）can make 5 pennies and still lose less money than making 1 nickel.People who want to retire the penny also have some persuasive arguments, i

38、ncluding these:Pennies waste time. The average American wastes 2.4 hours a year handling pennies, or waiting for people who handle them. This statistics is the result of collecting a number of penny-handling related events, including the 30-second period we sometimes spend waiting for someone who ju

39、st has to dig through their pockets or purse to find that last cent so they can pay for something with exact change （probably so they don t get stuck with any more pennies）.Making pennies wastes taxpayers money. It costs the U.S. Mint 1.26 cents to make each 1cent coin, meaning that taxpayers are lo

40、sing 0.26 of a cent for each one of the 7.4 billion pennies the Mint produces each year.History will repeat itself. In 1857, the Mint stopped making the half-cent coin, partlybecause the cost of making it was considered to be no longer needed. Yet, commerce continued without any catastrophic effects

41、. History has shown us that updating the monetary supply in countries where the currency （货币）is very stable has had little, if any, negative effect on the economy, or on people s acceptance of the coinage.According to people who want to keep the penny, getting rid of the penny . is good for ordinary

42、 consumersis especially bad for rich peoplewill be convenient for themmay lead to fewer donations to small charitiesWhy do pennies waste time?Because consumers don t always have enough change.Because it takes time for people to get them from their pockets or purse.Because pennies are not easy to tak

43、e.Because pennies are difficult to collect.The underlined word “ catastrophic in the last paragraph can be replaced by”.A. direct B. positiveC. important D. disastrousThe text is mainly developed by . giving examplessetting down general rulescomparing different opinionsfollowing the natural time ord

44、er【答案】9. D 10. B 11. D 12. C【解析】本文是议论文，文章就美国是否应该淘汰一分硬币列出了正反双方的观点。9推理和厮题根据 .hvrudP snuil I cluiri ti ihHL d“i3MHi un ptfinirs lubring i 1 i“11、. Peoplp think iKHhing oP pouring nut ihpir uhl pnny to supportrharily, but they won L part with nickels 胃o rttsi I y ,”有许多小型的森善机狗依秀这些便士带 .来捐教人们会艺不犹豫的捐出一美分T但不

45、会轻易指出五美分海法一分硬币会导致4耶想苦机杓得到的捐点减少 根摭题意.故选D推理判断题。根据The average American wastes 2.4 hours a year handling pennies, or waiting for people who handle them.”美国人平均每年要花2.4个小时来处理零钱，或者等待人们递给他。可知人们需要花费时间从口袋里或钱包里拿出来。根据题意，故选Bo词义猜测题。根据 History has shown us that updating the monetary supply in countries where the cu

46、rrency （ 货币）is very stable has had little, if any, negative effect on the economy” 历史表明在一个货币稳定的国家调整货币供给对经济的负面影响即便有也是很小的。据此，可推测取消硬币D。后，商业持续发展，没有受到灾难性的影响。根据题意，故选推理判断题。文章主要是比较了反对取消一分硬币和提倡一分硬币的人的不同观点。根据题意，故选C。DToday we think of Abraham Lincoln as a great leader. What most of us don t know is thathe was

47、a well-known humorist and storyteller in his day.Lincoln learned to tell jokes and stories from his father. When Lincoln became a lawyer,he used his jokes and stories to gain the good will of the jury （ 陪审团 ）, and more than once his opposing lawyer would complain to the judge that Lincoln s stories

48、were irrelevant and distracting （ 转移、分心） to the jury. The trouble for them was that Judge David Davis loved Lincoln s jokesmore than anyone else in the court room.As a politician, Lincoln made excellent use of his humorous stories. His long time political opponent Stephen A. Douglas complained that“

49、 Nothing else not any of his arguments or anyof his replies to my questions disturbs me. But when he begins to tell a story, I feel thatI am to be overmatched. ” More than once Douglas and other politicalopponents of Lincoln s sawtheir well presented arguments forgotten by the audience after Lincoln

50、 followed up their speeches with a homely story.As the responsibilities of the office of President became greater and heavier, Lincoln used humor to find relief. He wanted to reduce the stresses in himself and those around him. One ofLincoln s neighbors told that one day, he saw Lincoln walking past

51、 with two young shouting boys. “What s the matter, Mr. Lincoln? ” the neighbor asked. “The same thing that s the matter withthe whole world, ” Lincoln answered. “ I have three walnuts, and each one of them wants two of them. ”One cannot truly appreciate Lincoln without understanding his humorous sid

52、e. He used hisjokes and stories both for the purpose of winning over his audience and relieving the pressure he experienced as President during the terrible Civil War.When Lincoln was a lawyer, what was his purpose of telling jokes and stories?He wanted to satisfy the judge s desire for jokes.He wan

53、ted to distract his opposing lawyer.He wanted to relieve his pressure.attitude towards Lincolns humorous stories?D. He wanted to impress the jury.What might be DouglasA. Appreciative. B. Annoyed.C. Concerned. D. Surprised.What s the purpose of the text?A. To educate. B. To inform.C. To persuade. D.

54、To entertain.【答案】13. D 14. A 15. B第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to drive greenerBuying green can produce great benefits and so can small changes in your driving behavior.16Avoid aggressive driving. Sudden starts and aggressive driving can waste your gas. 17 That s

55、 because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of normal driving.18 A lot of us like to push the speedometer up to 75 miles per hour on the highway.However, slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduc

56、e the amount of pollution coming from your car.Plan ahead. When possible, plan your trips to avoid the stop-and-go of rush hour. And remember to pack all of your tasks into one trip since a warmed-up engine produces fewer emissions （排放物）.Pay attention at the gas station.Don t overfill your gas tank

57、or try to top it off becausespilled （ 溢出）gas changes into mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwater. When you are finished filling up, be sure you tighten your gas cap.19 Park smart. Parking your car in the shade not only helps you avoid feeling very hot in your car, but it helps minimize

58、 evaporation （蒸发）of fuel.20 By walking, cycling or public transport, you will make a big difference for ourplanet. Leave your car at homejust two days a week. And you will help cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,500 pounds a year.Change the oil.Slow down.Leave your car at home.And this type of drivin

59、g behavior adds to pollution.In this way you can save as much as 30 gallons a year.The following advice can help you save gas and contribute to the well-being of our planet.Parking in your garage when possible to cut down on summer heat and keep off frost in the winter. 【答案】16. F 17. D18. B 19. EC第三

60、部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 55分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In elementary school, I was living with my parents and my brother in a rented apartment inNew York City. At the time, I never thought of myself as comfortable or 21it was justthe way life was.Everything 22 before