大学英语课件之英美文化7Education

1、UK Chapter 7 EducationWarm-upAre you happy with your college life and why? Do you think your present course arrangement needs to be improved?What is the difference between Chinese educational practice and British one? EducationThere are 3 separate systems of public education for England and Wales, S

2、cotland, and Northern Ireland respectively.They are separately financed and administered. This part deals only with the education in England and Wales.The ultimate responsibility for the education system lies with the Parliament.Parliament does not lay down what subjects shall be taught; nor does it

3、 give any directions about teaching methods, or prescribe any textbooks.Two Widely Held BeliefsFirstly, “the best way to ensure good results is to vest responsibility for a job in a person and then allow him to go about it in his own way, intervening only if he is manifestly not doing it properly.”S

4、econdly, “a school is not only a place for learning but also a society, free to plan and conduct its corporate life as seems best to it, provided that it keeps this life within the accepted framework laid down by social convention and the national policy for education.”Secondary Education(11-18)A th

5、ree-part system: Grammar school Technical school Comprehensive school.Grammar SchoolIt was founded in the 16th century for teaching Latin grammar. Now it serves as a foundation for university studies. (mainly take the academic pupils)With an academic curriculum.Subjects: English language and literat

6、ure、foreign languages、history、chemistryTechnical SchoolIt mainly takes those pupils with a bent for practical skills.It is usually connected with some industrial organizations or factories.With a technical course arrangement.Comprehensive SchoolIt provides a more general and integrated curriculum. (

7、more academic, less technical)Pupils are often “streamed” for different subjects according to their interest and ability.About 90% of all secondary school students attend such schools. Private SchoolBut strangely people in England tend to call it a PUBLIC SCHOOL!It is operated outside the system of

8、state education. Independent of state funding.Fee-paying schoolFeatures of Private SchoolHigh tuition fees.Receive a great number of endowments from celebrities. (esp.alumni)Being able to afford smaller classes and high salaries for the teachers. (better)A majority are singe-sex schools. Boarding ac

9、commodation.It tries to offer a wider range of academic and social opportunities than that is available in state schools.Employ the “perfect system”: a system to put a senior student in a position of authority, in charge of a junior class.Who are attending public schools?The students are largely fro

10、m aristocratic and upper class families.Despite their high fees they account for around 5% of the school population.Numerous celebrities graduated from public schools.But opponents voice doubts: It is socially divisive and breeds elitism. They are offering unfair opportunities to 5% of British child

11、ren. The most famous ones are:Eton College (1440 by King Henry VI)Harrow School (1571)Winchester College (1394)Rugby School (1567) (Rugby football was first played here.)Eton CollegeOnly for boys.Its students are from noble and upper class families.So far, about 20 British prime ministers were educa

12、ted at Eton.Prince William and Harry graduated from Eton.Etons AimsPromoting the best habits of independent thought, learning, and research in its boys.Providing a broadly-based education designed to enable all boys to discover their strengths, and to make the most of their talents within Eton and b

13、eyond. Supporting pastoral care that nurture physical health, emotional maturity and spiritual richness.Fostering self-confidence, enthusiasm, perseverance, tolerance and integrity. Fees at EtonThe School Fee includes tuition, board & lodging, laundry, personal accident insurance, and the cost of mo

14、st games activities. Other extra fees: charges for music lessons, boat club membership and other social intercourse activities .An annual fee of 23,000 pounds.Meeting with tutorHigher EducationAll British universities are independent and self-governing.They receive aid through the University Grants

15、Committee from the government.They charge fees.They can be roughly divided into 3 groups.1. Old UniversitiesOxford University: founded in 1167, 35 colleges, 9,400 students in residence.Cambridge University: founded in 1209, 28 colleges, 9,000 students in residence.They always receive a lot of endowm

16、ents.2. Redbrick UniversitiesThese include all the universities of the period 1850-1930. “redbrick”? Many of these universities were built in the favourable building material of the time- red brick.Redbrick universities:London UniversityUniversity of BristolUniv. of BirminghamUniv. of LiverpoolUniv.

17、 of ManchesterUniv. of Bath3. New UniversitiesThose were established after the WWII.The traditional “colleges” have got a new name “schools”. For example: School of Laws, School of Economics, School of Business, School of Arts.Universitycollege/schooldepartment/faculty (major/speciality) Further / A

18、dult EducationFull-time or part-time students.Students dont need to have any formal qualifications to study for a degree.A bold and imaginative creation is the Open University (1969). Study is by means of a correspondence course linked to radio and television programs and Internet. Usually the students need to attend one-week summer school held in many universities. Attention!Acknowledge (your quotations)Plagiarism (commit plagiarism)Plagiarist PlagiarizeAcknowledgementFollow the quotation / Footnote :e.g. In addition there is normally a further element, the belief