状语从句课件完整版学习教案

1、句子(j zi)的分类简单句: 只包含一个主谓结构的句子.并列句: 主谓结构+ 连词(and, but, so, or) +主谓结构 (或更多的主谓结构)复合句: 引导(yndo)词+主谓结构, 主谓结构 (从句) (主句) 第1页/共39页第一页，共40页。复合句复合句里包含两个或更多的主谓结构, 其中有一个主谓结构为句子的主体称为主句，另一个些主谓结构为从句，他（们）只能充当句子的某一（些）成分，,如: 主语(zhy), 宾语, 表语, 同位语, 定语, 状语等. 根据他们在句子中的功能分别称为主语(zhy)从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句, 定语从句, 状语从句等. 第2页/共

2、39页第二页，共40页。判断下面句子(j zi)属于哪种复合句1) When we shall have our sports meeting is still a question. 2) The letter says that they are leaving on Friday. 3)Thats what they should do. 4) We expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again. 5) This is the very dictionary that I am looking for. 6)

3、As time went on, Einsteins theory proved to be correct. 主语(zhy)从句宾语(bny)从句表语从句同位语从句定语从句状语从句第3页/共39页第三页，共40页。 状语(zhungy)从句的概念及分类 在主、从复合句中修饰主句或主句中动词的句子 叫状语(zhungy)从句。 状语(zhungy)从句分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、目 的、结果、让步、比较、方式状语(zhungy)从句。状语从句的选择就是对意思的选择，能够翻译(fny)就能够判断状语从句的类别 第4页/共39页第四页，共40页。状语(zhungy)从句的引导词时间状语(zhun

4、gy)从句的引导词有：when, while, as, after, before, till / until , sinceas soon as, the moment / minute, immediately, no sooner.than , hardly/scarely.when,directly, the first time , every / each time, by the time2. 地点(ddin)状语从句：where, wherever,anywhere,everywhere3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for, now (that),s

5、eeing that, considering that4. 比较状语从句asas; not soas; than第5页/共39页第五页，共40页。4. 目的状语(zhungy)从句so that, in order that, in case, for fear that.,lest5. 结果状语(zhungy)从句so that, so. that., such that6. 条件状语(zhungy)从句if, unless, supposing, suppose, provided, providingas (so) long as, on condition that, only if

6、, once7. 让步状语从句while, although, though, aseven though / if, no matter+ 疑问词 , 疑问词+ever8. 方式状语从句as if / though, (just)as第6页/共39页第六页，共40页。2. sinceIt is / has been 3 years since he left there.2) I have been here since I came to the city.归纳(gun)： 主句时态为：现在完成时；since 从句中时态为： 一般(ybn)过去时。第7页/共39页第七页，共40页。3. b

7、y the timeBy the time he came back, I had finished the work.2) By the time we finishes school, we will have learned learned English for 10 years.归纳(gun)： 当by the time后的谓语动词为过去时，则主句(zh j)动词时态为过去完成时；当by the time后的谓语动词为现在时，则主句(zh j)动词时态为将来完成时。第8页/共39页第八页，共40页。4. hardly / scarcelywhen; no sooner than. 一

8、就I had hardly / scarcely got home when the bell rang.2) I had no sonner got home than the bell rang.3) No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.4) Hardly / Scarcely had he got home when it began to rain.归纳(gun)：此种句型的主句(zh j)是过去完成时，从句时一般过去时；2) 当no sooner , hardly或scarcely位于句首时，要 使用半倒装；3) 要注意三对

9、连词的搭配。第9页/共39页第九页，共40页。5. till / until I will wait there until / till you come back.2) He waited there until / till his mother came back.3) I did not go until / till he came back.4) Not until he came back did I go.5) It was not until he came back that I went home.归纳(gun)：1) 肯定句中，主句动词为延续性的； 否定句中，主句动词

10、为非延续性的。2) not until 放句首时，要实行(shxng)半倒装。3) 用于强调句型中时，要把until后的成分全写完 再加that。第10页/共39页第十页，共40页。6. 其它(qt)句型It / This is the first time that sb has / have done sth.It / This was.thathad done .7. 其它(qt)句型was / were doingwhen.was / were about to do when.had done when.例句(lj)：This is the first time that I hav

11、e finished my Homework.例句：We were having English class when the lights went out.I was about to go out when the phone rang.She had just finished her hpmework when her father asked her to play the piano.第11页/共39页第十一页，共40页。1. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C.

12、after D. when2. - Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A.while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once3. _he made up his mind, nothing could change his mind. A. when B. until C. as D. once第12页/共39页第十二页，共40页。5. He made a mistake, but then he corrected t

13、he situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as6. Simon thought his computer was broken _ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. until B. unless C. after D. because DC第13页/共39页第十三页，共40页。2.地点状语从句(cn j)地点状语从句(cn j)由where. wherever引导。where指“在某个地方”，wherever指“无论

14、哪里，在任何一个地方”，在使用时：一要注意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句(cn j)和定语从句(cn j)的区别 Put the book where it is Put the book in the place where it is。三要注意在状语从句(cn j)中不可使用介词+which引导。第14页/共39页第十四页，共40页。1.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering.(2006江西(jin x)27)A. whoever B. however C. whatev

15、er D. wherever2.-Mom，what did your doctor say？(2006四川23)-He advised me to live _ the air is fresher.A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 第15页/共39页第十五页，共40页。3.原因(yunyn)状语从句because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气(yq)上一个比一个弱.第16页/共39页第十六页，共40页。3.

16、 原因(yunyn)状语从句Because:语气最强,回答(hud)why She left because she had an appointment.As: 较口语化,语气比since弱，附带说明的双方已知的原因 As she is not well, Ill go myself.Since/now that: 既然,一般放主句前，语气比because弱 Since everybody is here, lets begin.For: 表示对主句的补充说明或推断，放在主句之后， It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.

17、第17页/共39页第十七页，共40页。比较：because 和for的区别(qbi)。1for 是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因时，可位于句首。【误】For he did not obey the rules, he was punished.【正】Because he did not obey the rules, he was punished.由于他不遵守规章制度，他受到了出处罚。第18页/共39页第十八页，共40页。2for 表示的是推断解释(jish)，because强调动作发生的直接原因。It must have rained last

18、 night, for the ground is wet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。（不可用because，因为地面湿不是天下雨的原因）The day breaks, for the birds are singing.天亮了，因为鸟在叫。（不可用because，因为鸟叫不是天亮的原因）第19页/共39页第十九页，共40页。4. 目的状语(zhungy)从句Please remind me so that I wont forget to take the camera.Please remind me _ _ _ I will remember to take the camera.

19、in order that So that: 只能放主句(zh j)后 in order that:更正式,可以放主句(zh j)前或后 In order that第20页/共39页第二十页，共40页。I walked into the room quietly _ _ _ I wouldnt wake up my father.Take an umbrella _ _ you are caught in rain. forfear that in case Heworkshardforfearthat/ lest he (should) fail. I set down her addres

20、s lest / forfearthat I (should ) forget it. for fear that: 以免 in case: 万一(wny) lest: 为了不第21页/共39页第二十一页，共40页。lest (以免(ymin)，免得), for fear that I hid the book lest (=for fear that) he should see it.目的状语(zhungy)从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情 态动词。第22页/共39页第二十二页，共40页。5. 结果(ji gu)状语从句So

21、 + that SuchthatHe is so reliable that I can totally depend on him.He is so reliable a friend thatHe is such a reliable friend thatSo _that I can totally depend on him.Such _that I can totally depend on him.reliable a friend was he a reliable friend was he 第23页/共39页第二十三页，共40页。It is _ nice weather th

22、at all of us have a desire to go out.They are _ little children that they can do nothing but make trouble.Mr. Green had _ little education that he was unable to find a job.Fill in blankssuchsuchsoSo many/much/little/few+n+thatSuch a lot of/lots of+n+that第24页/共39页第二十四页，共40页。目的状语(zhungy)从句的谓语常含有can，co

23、uld，may，might，would等情态动词。这也是与结果状语(zhungy)从句的一个区别。注意(zh y)：在sothat，suchthat结构中一般成分齐全。这也是与as引导定语从句的区别。在soas，suchas这一结构中，as引导定语从句，在句中做成分。第25页/共39页第二十五页，共40页。1.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 2.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have

24、time for a cup of tea.as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that第26页/共39页第二十六页，共40页。3.Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait.A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that4.His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it.A. so B. and C. th

25、at D. as 第27页/共39页第二十七页，共40页。6. 条件状语(zhungy)从句 I will agree to go provided that my expenses are paid. Supposing ( that) it rains, can we play the game indoors?if , unless, in case(假如(jir),万一,以防), so long as / as long as (只要), on condition that(只要) , Provided / Providing (that), Suppose / Supposing (

26、 that) (倘若）第28页/共39页第二十八页，共40页。条件状语从句一般考查三点(sn din)：1)在条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生的动作。2)if，unless，in case是考查重点。3)when还可表条件，这一点不可忽视。意思是：既然，考虑到。如：How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television？他们把所有空闲(kngxin)的时间都用来看电视了，还能学到什么东西呢？第29页/共39页第二十九页，共40页。1._you call me to say yo

27、ure not coming，Ill see you at the theatre.A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless2.-What would you do if it _ tomorrow？-We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining3.You must keep on working in the evening _ you are sure you can finish the task

28、in time.A. as B. if C. when D. unless4._youve tried it，you cant imagine how pleasant it is.(2006北京(bi jn)33)A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When5.In time of serious accidents，_we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.(2006重庆23)A. whether B. until C. if D. unless第30页/共39页第三十页，共

29、40页。7. 方式(fngsh)状语从句As: 按照As if/though: 好象(ho xin)，似乎Do in Rome as Romes do.He looks as if he suffers great tension.第31页/共39页第三十一页，共40页。8. 让步(rng b)状语从句“尽管、虽然”though/although可以和yet, still, nevertheless连用(linyng)不能和but连用(linyng)Though可以作副词,放在句末He promised to come; he hasnt _, though.Though/Although h

30、e is wealthy, he is not _.Weathy _ he is, yet heas/thoughwhilehealthyturned/shown up第32页/共39页第三十二页，共40页。2. although不倒装；though可以倒装；As 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装（将n./adj./adv./do提至句首）Much as I like the coat, it is too expensive for me.Expert as he is, he is always modest.（n.前不可(bk)有任何冠词）Fool as he is, he is honest

31、.Try as he might, he couldnt pass the test.第33页/共39页第三十三页，共40页。3. Even if/though（even if 引导(yndo)的句子有较强的假设性，而 even though的真实性强）Even though he is my brother, I dont trust him.Even if he were my brother, I would not trust him. 4. Whether or 不管(bgun)还是 You have proved guilty, whether you admit it or not. 第34页/共39页第三十四页，共40页。4. however， whatever ， whoever no matter who / when / where _ difficult the problem is, Ill work it out.Ill give the ticke