2022-2023学年陕西省西安市名校高考英语二模试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The Games are known as the friendly games because of their _ on kindness and mutual respect.AlacksBfocusesCch

2、allengesDresearches2When I was small, my mom _read me stories at night.AcouldBshouldCmightDwould3After she became ill, I felt _ with hershe was cheery while I felt gloomy.Aout of tuneBout of breathCout of curiosityDout of mind4Not far from the club was there a garden, _ owner seated in it playing br

3、idge with his children every afternoon.AwhoseBitsCwhichDthat5Many people complained about the stones lying on a road, but _ did anything about getting the stones out of the way.AbothBno oneCnoneDall6Although the test _ look like a simple one, great care is needed.AmayBmustCshouldDneed7Regarding Chin

4、a-US differences on human rights issues, Hong said the two sides can enhance mutual understanding through dialogue _ on equality and mutual respect.AbasedBto baseCbasingDbase8-Who do you think is able to finish the job in two days?-Its hard to say. This would appear to be _ for the relatively effici

5、ent.Aa sacred cow Ba Herculean task Ca Pandoras box Da childs play9It was lucky that little Jack was not at home when the fire broke out；otherwise，he his lifeAhad lostBwould loseCwould have lostDmight lose10 Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your rehearse (排练)? My little sons curiou

6、s about the performance. _ . Just come round. AYes, I do BNever mind CNot at all DYes, please11Due to the countrys growing rate of urbanization, Chinas migrant population _ to be over 200 million by 2020.Apredicts Bis predicted Cwill have been predicted Dwill be predicted12The shocking news made me

7、realize _ terrible problems we would face.AthatBhowCwhyDwhat13If he had been working hard, he _ in the office now. However, he didnt.Awould be workingBwere to be workingCwas workingDshould work14We firmly believe that _ the new examination system comes into existence, completely new situations will

8、arise.Aconsidering Bsupposed Cproviding Dgiven15_ the danger of drunk driving, many drivers promised never to drive after drinking.ARealizingBTo have realizedCRealizedDHaving realized16Children who are not active or_ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.AwhatBwhoseCwhichDthat17Mr. White, who

9、 _ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.Awas workingBworkedChad workedDhas worked18Could I speak to_ is in charge of International Sales please?AwhoBwhatCwhoeverDwhatever19_ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.

10、AOn top of BIn the silence ofCOn account of DIn the absence of20 “Cell phone” is a American usage，but British speakers always use “mobile phone”AnormalBcommonCformalDusual第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）At the end of the spring semester in May,students taking Georgia Techs onl

11、ine Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence course received some surprising news.Jill Watson,one of the nine teaching assistants (TAs) that had helped them finish the challenging course for the past five months was not a “she” but an “it”an intelligent robot!Watson is the brainchild of Ashok Goel,wh

12、o teaches the popular online course.The Professor of Computer and Cognitive Science in the School of Interactive Computing came up with the idea as a way to deal with the number of questions posed by students in the online forums(论坛).According to Goel,every time the course is offered,the 300 or so s

13、tudents that enroll post over 10,000 questions.The questions are often repetitive.This led Goel to wonder if a smart robot would handle the questions which require standard responsesthings like dates when assignments are due.Having worked with IBMs Watson technology platform in the past,the professo

14、r knew it would be ideal for his artificial TA:Jill Watson.The artificial intelligence system that uses natural language processing and machine learning to analyze large amounts of data has even been cleverer than human competitors on the television show.It would therefore easily be able to handle r

15、outine questions that required little “thinking”.The professor and his team of graduate students began by populating Jills memory with 40,000 questions and answers from past terms.Then came the testing stage.At first,Jill was not very good and often gave strange answers.It often got stuck on certain

16、 keywords.By the end of the semester,Jill had attained enough knowledge and skills to participate in forums without any management from Goel,or the other assistants.1、What surprised the students who take the online course?AThe course was interesting but challenging.BA teaching assistant wasnt a real

17、 person.CJill Watson is a hard-working TADThey all failed to pass their course.2、Whats the best title for the text?AA Robot of Georgia gives an online courseBAshok Goel Came up with the Idea of Jill WatsonCJill WatsonOne of the Nine Teaching AssistantsDGeorgia Techs Teaching Assistant Turn Out to Be

18、 a Robot3、Why did Goel decide to invent a smart robot?AA number of students took his online course.BA smart robot is cleverer than a human being.CToo many similar questions are to be dealt with.4、What can we infer from the text?AStudents should deal with routine questions.BJill is mainly in charge o

19、f posting surprising news.CThe TAs give students homework at a certain time.DGoel is satisfied with Jills present performance.22（8分） At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he dec

20、ided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison

21、s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.“Every bottle of Anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning

22、Herald. “Its an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. Hes made 1,162 donations from his right arm and 10 from his left.“Id keep going if they let me,” Harrison told t

23、he Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations and they certainly dont take them lightly. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and theyre cutting him off now to protect his health. He made his final donation surrounded by some of the mothers and babies

24、who his blood helped save.Harrisons retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrisons retirement from giving blood doesnt mean hes completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting

25、and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.1、What do we know about James Harrison?AHe saved 2.4 million poor people.BHe is to retire as a blood donor.CHe is a very grateful blood donor.DHe donates blood n

26、early every day.2、What is the authors purpose of writing Paragraph 4?ATo state Harrisons decision to continue donating blood.BTo describe how Harrisons donations come to an end.CTo introduce some babies saved by Harrisons blood.DTo praise Harrison for his cooperation with the doctors.3、What can we i

27、nfer from the passage about Harrison?AAfter his retirement, the Rh program will fail.BNew donors are easy to find in a short time.CHe continues to contribute to the Rh program.DHis DNA is kept in a library for future study.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AA Unique Man wit

28、h a Rare Blood TypeBThe Blood Saving Millions of BabiesCA Special Blood Type Donor to RetireDThe Man with the Golden Arm23（8分）Food storing is common in members of the crow（乌鸦）family. A new study tested the birds outside this naturally occurring behaviour, which may have evolved（进化）specifically becau

29、se it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could get it at their food after a gap of 17 hourssomething we wouldnt expect them to do naturally. But they

30、were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token （礼品券）from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food. Again, the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new beh

31、aviour. This is different from all of the previous studies in future planning, which have focused on naturally occurring behaviour. For example, we know that chimpanzees select, transport and save appropriate tools for future needs.These studies have shown that animals can plan for the futurebut the

32、y left an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage, or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behaviour across various actions? Most critics would say the former, as the animals were tested in n

33、aturally occurring behaviours.But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behaviour that doesnt typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some recognitive abilities in animals dont evolve just in response to specific proble

34、ms. Instead, it suggests that animals can apply these behaviours flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved. Then we might be able to see how crows ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers.1、Whats the n

35、ew finding about some crows according to Paragraph 1?AThey can store food. BThey can use tools to recover food.CThey can store and recover tools. DThey can select and store food.2、What are crows trained by scientists to do when given a token?AReject it casually. BExchange it for food.CSave it as the

36、ir food. DBuild a nest with it.3、What do scientists think of the studies that animals can plan for the future?AThey are controversial. BThey are disappointing.CThey are contradictory. DThey are convincing.4、What can be inferred about recognitive abilities in animals?AThey develop only with age.BIt i

37、s unclear how theyve evolved now.CNo animals but crows benefit from them.DPlanning for the future helps their evolution.24（8分） A research has shown that nearly 90 percent of traffic accidents are caused by human errors. So our aim is a fully autonomous (自动的) car that gets rid of the cause of most ac

38、cidents: the driver. Researcher Hodgson points out, “For safety, the faster you can remove humans, the better, even if there are unfortunately a few accidents from new causes. Its a question of balancing the number injured or killed by autonomous vehicles with the people whose lives are potentially

39、saved.”Its an idea that Elon Musk, chief executive of electric car company Tesla Motors, has long believed. His company is determined to be the first to deliver a fully autonomous vehicle to consumers. Last year, Musk announced that Teslas 2019 goal was “to do an example drive of full autonomy all t

40、he way from L. Ato New York， and have the car park itself.However, even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcomethe software needs further validation (批准生效) and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place. Indeed, recent crashes of Tesla vehicles and Google cars confirm that the

41、 software isnt ready yet.The UK government appears committed encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles. Its supporting four city trials, publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red tape around their introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account problems such as insu

42、rance liability when a human isnt in control of a vehicle.The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars. As the Association of British Insurers points out, “Nearly 90 percent of road accidents are caused by human errors.” This costs motor insurers a shocking $20 million

43、 per day in claims.1、What difficulty does the company Tesla Motors have?AThe company lacks confidence to make new creations.BNew inventions may cause more injuries and deaths.CThe software should be made officially acceptable.DThe traffic regulation has proved unreasonable.2、What is the UK governmen

44、ts attitude to autonomous cars?ACautious.BPositive.CAmbiguous.DDisapproving.3、What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AInsurance companies would like to support autonomous cars.BHuman mistakes may be the key cause of traffic accidents.CTraffic accidents waste insurance companies quite a lot.DMot

45、orists are surprised to hear about autonomous cars.4、The purpose of writing the text is to _.Aamuse readers with funny examplesBshow his deep love for autonomous carsCintroduce a new development in technologyDprovide a persuasive argument against autonomy25（10分）Phone batteries rarely last a full day

46、 anymore, so carrying compact chargers (小巧的充电器) is becoming normal. But many of these so-called portable devices are heavy, thick and inconvenientuntil Solar Paper is developed.Chicago engineers have designed a super-thin, lightweight panel (面板) called Solar Paper capable of charging an iPhone in tw

47、o hours and many panels can be combined to boost its power. It was created by Chicago-based Yolk. After raising more than $1million online for the production, it is now available to purchase throughout the country. It comes in four versions2.5W, 5W, 7.5W and 10wdepending on the output needed for var

48、ious devices. And these different models are created by combining individual 2. 5W panels together.A 2.5W panel will charge an iPhone 6 or Galaxy S3 in five hours. The 5W version charges the same devices but cuts changing time to two hours or three hours if its cloudy. The 7.5W model Solar Paper cha

49、nges the devices in the same time as the 5W version but produces more energy when it is cloudy. The 10W version is ideal(理想的) for the iPad Air 2, and will charge a device in 2.5 hours. Each individual panel measures 3.5 inches 6.7 inches0.6inches, weighs 60g and 1.5mm thick.Other features include a

50、unique automatic reset (重置) function which stops and starts the Paper charging when cast with a shadow or placed in sunlight. Other solar chargers require you to re-plug the wire at these conditions. It also has a low-energy LCD screen that displays the amount of power the Solar Paper produces in re

51、al time.1、What does the underlined word “boost” in the second paragraph mean?ABalance.BIncreaseCPossess.DReduce.2、How is Solar Paper different from other solar chargers?AIt can be carried wherever you go.BIt can produce more electricity.CIt can produce power even if its rainy.DIt can get reconnected

52、 automatically after a shadow.3、What is the authors purpose in writing the text?sATo introduce the strengths of solar chargers.BTo praise Chicago engineers for their efforts.CTo introduce a new type of solar charger.DTo advise producers to make phone batteries last long.4、What can we know about the

53、Solar Paper?AYolk started an online activity to fund production of Solar Paper.BCustomers are able to buy Solar Paper all over the world.CThe 7. 5W version is the best choice if users charge an iPad.DThe LCD screen shows how much current an iPhone uses.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题

54、所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）When I became an amputee(被截肢者) at the age of 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became 1 as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and 2 .Too busy 3 physical pain and obvious limitation of movement. I

55、was not aware of this 4 at first. There were so many difficulties before me. But I was determined to manage my work and life as well as before, feeling inspired about the progress I had 5 . 6 , as I made my first journey outside the hospital, society had already regarded me as a new status. Happy to

56、 be free of my 7 in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall as a 8 survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I got a rude 9 as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to

57、10 my eyes forced me to realize they only saw my missing legs. Mothers 11 held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying “God Bless You!” with 12 in their eyes.While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed

58、13 at the empty trousers. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a 14 look, and childishly asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?”I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadnt been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to 15 them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “D

59、id they go to Leg Heaven?”That incident made me think about how 16 children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, a new appearance is an interesting curiosity and a learning experience, 17 adults often observe the same thing with horror. I began to realize that I also had been guilty of the s

60、ame unsuitable reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye 18 , and speak in a 19 manner. By using a positive approach, I attempt to make society know the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesnt mean hav