2017届高考英语二轮复习第3部分阅读理解完形填空语法填空短文改错限时规范训练16

1、阅读理解阅读填空语法填空(建议用时30分钟).阅读理解AHow can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment?In the southwest African country of Namibia，and the Sahara lands of Mali further north，the desert elephant does just thatAltho

2、ugh not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant，the desert cousin differs in many ways.Their bodies are smaller，to absorb less heat，and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces.They are taller，to reach higher branches.They have shorter tusks (象牙)，and most impor

3、tantly，longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes，and have a larger group of families.They drink only every 34 days，and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat，which is only used when badly ne

4、eded.Desert elephants are careful feedersthey seldom root up trees and break fewer branches，and thus maintain what little food sources are available.Young elephants may even eat the dung (粪便) of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage.During drought they are unlikely to give birth to

5、their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly.Desert elephants have sand baths，sometimes adding their own urine (尿液) to make them muddy!As we continue to overheat our weak planet，it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the

6、desert elephant.1The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means “ ”Aremains in the African countriesBdrinks 120 liters of water a dayCmanages to live in desert areasDeats 150 kilograms of food daily2Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they Ararely ruin treesBdrink only every 34 daysCsearch

7、 for food in large groupsDprotect food sources for their young3The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with Astories and explanationBfacts and descriptionsCexamples and conclusionDevidence and argument4What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage?AOverheating the

8、earth can be stopped.BNot all animal species are so adaptable.CThe planet will become hotter and hotter.DNot all animals are as smart as desert elephants.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，属于自然类短文阅读。一个生物怎么能重达5吨，通常每天服用150公斤的食物和120公升的水在沙漠中生存？在纳米比亚的西南非洲国家，和马里的撒哈拉沙漠更远的北部，沙漠象就是这样做的。1解析：选C。推理判断题。联系上文，does just that中的that代指第一

9、段中的“survive in a desert environment”(在沙漠环境中生存)。A项“仍然留存于非洲国家”；B项“每天饮用120公升的水”；C项“试图在沙漠地区生存”；D项“每天吃150千克的食物”。选C。2解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Desert elephants are careful feedersthey seldom root up trees and break fewer branches，and thus maintain what little food sources are available.”可知，沙漠像是细心的捕食者它们很少把树连根拔起，

10、折断树枝，从而保持了那些稀有的食物来源。故选A。3解析：选B。推理判断题。第一段提出问题，二、三、四段举出例子回答问题。A项“故事和解释”；B项“事实和描述”；C项“例子和结论”；D项“证据和说理”。故选B。4解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，当我们继续为我们的脆弱的星球进行“过热”时，它只能希望其他动物物种能像沙漠中的大象一样适应异常的变化。故选B“不是所有的物种都能适应的。”BEarlier this week，I wrapped up(圆满完成) a 5day trip in San Francisco.I woke up a few hours before sunrise

11、，drove through the darkness and out of the city，hiked for 30 minutes to the top of a hill overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge，and snapped (拍摄)this photo.As I stood there soaking in the early morning light，I was reminded of an important lesson.When I arrived in San Francisco，I told myself，“Just take p

12、hotos as you do other things.” My primary goal was to meet with friends and so I figured I could take pictures as we walked around the city.This resulted in exactly zero photos worth sharing.I had vague ideas like，“Id like to do some street photography，” but I never went out with the intent of photo

13、graphing something specific.Finally，on the last morning，I went out with the intent of capturing a specific picture and I ended up with something worth sharing.My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos，I would end up getting a desirable result.How often do you do this in your

14、 own life? We go to the gym to “work out” without trying to become better at something specific.We wish that we were more creative，but never work on a particular project.When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？Ne

15、xt step：find a good spot.Youve found a good spot？Next step: wake up early and drive there.This is perhaps the most shocking thing: if box yourself in，then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined.5Whats the authors original purpose of the trip?ATo take pictures.B

16、To attend lessons.CTo visit friends.DTo enjoy sunrise.6What lesson did the author learn?AA given task leads to achievement.BStick to your own decision.CGet ready for challenges.DHard work pays off.7What are you advised to do first when you want to get stronger physically?AMake a detailed outline.BGo

17、 to work out immediately.CDiscuss the ways with coaches.DChoose a certain muscle group.8Whats the function of the last paragraph?ATo introduce a new topic.BTo draw a conclusion.CTo make a suggestion.DTo ask readers to reflect on something.【解题导语】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者去旧金山看日出时突然悟出人生真谛：任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。【长难句解读】My

18、 mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos，I would end up getting a desirable result.分析：本句是复合句。第一个that引导表语从句，表语从句中的that引导宾语从句，作assumed的宾语；在这个宾语从句中，because引导原因状语从句，其对应的主句中现在分词短语getting a desirable result作状语。译文：我犯的错误就是，我以为因为我想拍照，我就最终会获得让我满意的结果。5解析：选C。细节理解题。由第二段中的“My primary goal

19、was to meet with friends”可知，作者来旧金山的最初目的就是访友。6解析：选A。推理判断题。由第一段末尾可知作者这次旅行感触颇深，再结合倒数第二段中的“something specific”“a particular project”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？Next step：find a good spot.Youve found a g

20、ood spot？Next step：wake up early and drive there.”可知作者收获的感悟是任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。7解析：选D。推理判断题。由第二段中的“I had vague ideas”，再结合第三段的内容，尤其是“without trying to become better at something specific”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.”可知只有任务具体了，方向才能明确，四个选项中只有D项是一个具体的任务，且是首先应做的。8解析：选

21、B。推理判断题。由最后一段的内容，尤其是“if box yourself in，then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，最后一段点明了文章的主题，对上文内容作出了总结。故选B。.阅读填空We are humans，and we all make mistakes. The mistakes that we make are not usually on purpose，whether it is breaking a vase，or not completing

22、a task.1. This article will provide you with ideas as to what to do once a mistake has been made.Admit that you make a mistake as soon as you discover it.Delaying it longer will only make you feel worse，or may drive you toward making the wrong decision to try and cover it up.2 Do not play the “blame

23、 game”Most people are smart enough to realize that this is just a poor attempt to protect yourself.Perhaps you gave a task to another person and it was never completed.But is it really the entire fault of the person you gave the task to or is it partially your fault for not following up? Keep this i

24、n mind before placing the blame on someone else.3 Maybe you broke your mothers favorite vase，or even forgot a friends birthday. Just an apology can sometimes be viewed as a “quick fix”，and apologizing and asking to be forgiven gives the person opportunity to forgive you.Offer some compensation (补偿)

25、for loss，damage，or injury caused.4. By doing this，it may soften the blow to the person weve disappointed.Learn from your mistakes.In the case of a job or a task，write a“todo” list with the deadline before leaving the meeting.As for forgetting a birthday，put the birthday on an electronic calendar for

26、 next year.Do better next time.5. We should try to understand what happened and try to make sure that it wont happen again.ATake responsibility.BNever repeat your mistakes.CApologize and ask for forgiveness.DOur friends will be disappointed.EYoud better meet your friend and say sorry.FBut not everyo

27、ne knows how to admit making a mistake.GOffer to immediately complete the late task or pay for the vase.1解析：选F。根据下面的一句话可知下文要讲述一旦犯了错误该如何做，所以有些人对于如何做并不清晰。2解析：选A。本段讲述了有时候错误的产生不一定是别人的过错，在将过错归于别人前要牢记这一点，也就是要承担责任。3解析：选C。本段讲述了犯错后道歉可以得到被原谅的机会，所以主题句应选择C。4解析：选G。本段讲述了补偿问题。5解析：选B。本段讲述了下一次应该如何做，确保错误不会再次发生，所以选择B。

28、.语法填空Chinese cultural exchange groups showed the countrys first ever official mascots (吉祥物) for the allimportant Chinese lunar New Year.The two mascots，1. (name) “Nian Wa” and “Chun Ni”，2. mean New Year Boy and Spring Girl，are based on some traditional characters.These characters are from traditiona

29、l woodblock prints 3. (wide) seen as symbols of good luck and happiness.Chun Ni and Nian Wa also symbolize a balance of yin and yang.The patterns on their costumea bat and two fish respectively 4. (be) signs of long life and prosperity according 5. Chinese traditions.Li Hanqiu，a professor of classic

30、al Chinese literature at Peking University，says this could be a way for the world to 6. (well) understand Chinese culture.“We are announcing official symbols and mascots for the Spring Festival because we hope 7. (share) traditional Chinese culture with everyone through modern communications means a

31、nd let 8. take root in all Chinese peoples hearts.We also expect to attract 9. bigger fan base among young people，and make the festival more popular and accessible for the global audience.”The dolllike images stood out among more than 2，000 applications.China Post has released a 10. (collect) of commemorative (用作纪念的) stamps featuring the two mascots.【