2023届高考英语一轮复习知识巩固：同义词辨析

1、易混词辨析close 与 shut关门,关窗,闭眼、闭嘴等用close 或shut 均可。 Shut ：can suggest more noise and is often found in phrases such as slammed shut, banged shut, snapped.可含发出较大声音之义,常见于slammed shut, banged shut, snapped shut (的一声关上) 等短语中。关上盒子,手提箱等亦常用shut。商店、办事处等停业或不办公用close 或 shut均可e.g., What time do the banks close/ shut

2、? 银行什么时候关门? e.g., A strike has shut the factory.工使工停业。Close: is used in front of a noun, but shut is not.closed可用于名词前, shut则不能e.g., a closed window关着的窗户封闭、机场关闭等常用closede.g., The road is closed because of the snow.这条路因下雪而封闭。close用于正式英语 中,表示结束会议或谈话。Cheat, fool, deceive, betray, take in, trickcheat ： t

3、o make sb believe sth that is not true, in order to get money or sth else from them指为得到钱财或其他东西而欺骗e.g., She is accused of attempting to cheat the taxman她被指控企图蒙骗税务员。e.g., He cheated his way into the job.他骗取了这份工作.Cheat also means to act in a dishonest way in order to gain an advantage, especially in a

4、game, competition or exam. * cheat指在游戏,竞赛或考试中作弊、舞弊e.g., Youre not allowed to look at the answers-thats cheating.你们不许看答案,那是作弊。fool ：to make sb believe sth that is not true, especially in order to laugh at them or to get what you want 指蒙骗、愚弄e.g., Just dont be fooled into investing any money with them.

5、别上当受骗,同他们一起搞什么投资。deceive： to make sb believe sth that is not true, especially sb who trusts you, in order to get what you want 尤指利用别人的信任欺骗,蒙骗,诓骗e.g., She deceived him into handing over all his savings.她把他所有的积蓄都骗走了。betray ：to hurt sb who trusts you, especially by deceiving them or not being loyal to

6、them指辜负别人的信任,出卖e.g., She felt betrayed when she found out the truth about him.她发现他的真实情况时,感到受了欺骗。take sb in ：often passive to deceive sb, usually in order to get what you want指为个人目的而欺骗，常用被动e.g., I was taken in by her story.我被她的花言巧语蒙骗了。trick ：to deceive sb, especially in a clever way, in order to ger

7、what you want it.尤其指以巧妙的方式欺骗、欺诈choose, select, pick, decide, optchoose ：to decide which thing or person you want out of the ones that are available指选择,选取人或物e.g., You chooseI cant decide.你来选吧,我拿不定主意。select：to choose sb/sth, usually carefully, from a group of people or things指仔细选择、挑选e.g., He was selec

8、ted for the team.他已入选进队了. e.g., a randomly selected sample of 23 schools.随机抽选的23所学校pick ：(rather informal) to choose sb/sth from a group of people or things选择,较正式e.g., She picked the best cake for herself.她为自己挑了一块最好的蛋糕。decide ：to choose between two or more possibilities在两个或更多可能的情况中做出抉择、决定、选择e.g., We

9、re still trying to decide on a venue.我们仍在设法选定 一个活动地点。opt ：to choose to take or not to take a particular course of action指选择是否采取某种行动e.g., After graduating she opted for a career in music. 毕业后她选择了从事音乐工作。e.g., After a lot of thought, I opted against buying a motorbike.经过反复考虑,我决定不买摩托车。suggest 与 advisesu

10、ggest： suggest ones doing sth. suggest sb. (should) doadvise: advise sb. to do sth. advise sb. (should) doClear, obvious, apparent, evidentClear：easy to see or understand and leaving no doubts指显而易见的、明白易懂的、清楚的、明确e.g., It was quite clear to me that she was lying.我十分清楚她在撒谎。obvious ：easy to see or under

11、stand指明显的,显然易理解的e.g., Its obvious from what he said that something is wrong.根据他所说的,显然是出问题了。apparent ：easy to see or understand指显而易见,明白易懂e.g., It was apparent from her face that she was really upset. 从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。evident ：easy to see or understand 指清楚的,明白的,显然的e.g., The orchestra played with evi

12、dent enjoyment.管弦乐队演奏得兴致勃勃。mark, stain, fingerprint, streak, speckmark：a small area of dirt or other substance on the surface of sth, especially one that spoils its appearance 污点、污迹、斑点e.g., The kids left dirty marks all over the kitchen floor.孩子们把厨房的地板弄得污迹斑斑。stain：a dirty mark on sth that is difficu

13、lt to remove, especially one made by a liquid 指污点,污迹e.g., blood stains血迹fingerprint：a mark on a surface made by the pattern of lines on the end of a persons finger, often used by the police to identify criminals 指指纹，指印: e.g., Her fingerprints were all over the gun.支枪上布满了她的指纹。streak：a long thin mark

14、or line that is a different color from the surface it is on条纹, 条痕e.g., She had streaks of grey in her hair.她头上已是白发绺。 speck：a very small mark, spot or piece of a substance on sth小点,污点e.g., There isnt a speck of dust anywhere in the house.整间房子一尘不染。rate, charge, fee, rent, fine以上各词均指所收取或付出的费用。Rate：a fi

15、xed amount of money that is asked or paid for sth指所索取或付出的价格,费用e.g., a low hourly rate of pay按小时支付的低报酬 interest rates利率Charge：an amount of money that is asked for goods or services指商品或服务的要价,收费e.g., an admission charge入场费Fee：(rather formal) an amount of money that you have to pay for professional advice or services, to go to a school or college, or to join an organization指专业服务费、咨询费、学费,会费e.g., legal fees诉讼费 an annual membership fee年度会费Rent：an amount of money that you regularly have to pay for use of a building or room房屋租金ps.在美式英语中, rent可用以表示rental (租金)e.g., Th