淀粉生产基础知识培训

1、.Corn Process 玉米加工过程.湿磨消费根底知识培训湿磨消费概述和特点根本上是个物理分别的过程，在分别过程中将玉米分别成4种主要组成部分，该消费工艺独一有化学反响的工段是玉米浸泡系统；水参与整个消费过程，所以叫做湿磨工艺；系统程度衡是湿磨消费较难和重要的控制目的；各产品收率的平衡是最重要的控制目的，也是消费程度的直观反映；水、电、汽单耗能衡量出消费程度；消费过程中的物料是菌类繁衍很好的营养基，温度也特别适宜菌类生长，所以湿磨消费对菌类的控制相对较难；消费过程中所运用设备处置物料的性质较繁杂，如渣浆类的物料较多，设备缺点率相对较高，另外，设备几乎没有备机，所以湿磨消费对设备的维护程度要

2、求较高，需求较完善的预维护和可靠性运转方案；系统四处运用SO2，所以环境气味较差；湿磨消费系统是流水性较强的系统，一环套一环，环环紧相连，某一环有问题，链就断；我公司采用比较先进的软件程序控制系统。.玉米加工过程玉 米 净 化浸泡胚 芽 分 离纤 维 细 磨和 分 离淀 粉 / 蛋 白 分别粉 尘 和 碎 玉 米胚芽洗 涤纤 维 单 元淀 粉 洗 涤淀 粉 乳蛋 白 单 元新颖水蛋白粉玉米浆CSL粗玉米油饲料LSW初净化玉米蛋 白 浓 缩淀 粉 干 燥干 淀 粉胚 芽 干 燥 和 榨 油淀 粉 糖纤 维 洗 涤轻 浸泡 液 蒸 发胚芽饼.Introduction简介The wet millin

3、g process is a physical separation of maize into its four main constituents湿磨过程是一个物理的分别过程，在过程中将玉米分别成四种主要的组成部分:Germ胚芽: Oil rich fraction含有丰富的油Fiber纤维，皮渣Gluten蛋白 : Protein rich fraction含有丰富的蛋白质Starch淀粉The separation is archived in 3 ways经过三种方式实现分别):Milling破碎- to reduce particle size降低物体的尺寸Screening 挑选

4、- to Separate particles of different sizes根据物体的尺寸进展分别Centrifugal separation离心分别 - To separate particles of different density根据物体密度不同进展分别.Introduction简介As its name implies, the process is wet and water is used as the transport and milling medium. The water must be ultimately removed by(象称号所表示的那样，整个过程

5、是在湿的形状下进展的，水被用作保送和破碎的介质。过程中的水最终要经过以下途径分别)：Dewatering(脱水- Remove the water out by mechanic way(运用机械方式将物料中的水分别Screen 筛- DSM， ICMSqueezing 挤压 - Veter, Centrifuge 离心- peeling centrifuge (刮刀离心机Vacuum真空- Vacuum filter (真空转鼓Evaporation 蒸发 - Evaporator，蒸发器Drying 枯燥- Tube boundle dryer, Flash dryer管束枯燥，闪蒸枯燥机

6、.Introduction简介The process is called a countercurrent process. The maize and water move in opposite directions through the process过程被称为逆流过程。玉米和水在过程中相向流动 Fresh water is added at the end of the process for starch washing. This water is reused as process water and finally as light steep water.净水被参与过程的最

7、后用于淀粉洗涤。水被以工艺水的方式反复利用并最终以轻浸泡液的方式排出。The water quality gradually deteriorates because the level of soluble protein increases, eventually this protein is removed from wet milling with maize gluten feed. 由于在过程中的溶解蛋白量添加，水的质量逐渐变差，这些蛋白最终与蛋白饲料一同从湿磨过程中分别出来。The maize moves forward through the process through

8、several operations. At each stage different fractions are separated. 玉米在过程中向后流动，要经过几个步骤。在每一个步骤中都有一种成分被分别。.Process Introduction 过程简介Steeping (浸泡- soften the corn prior to grinding and increase water content软化玉米颗粒，添加玉米中的水分Evaporation 蒸发- remove water from wet mill 最终分别出玉米湿加工过程中的水分Degermination胚芽分别- 2

9、millings and 2 separation stages of germ in hydroclones 二级磨和二级的胚芽旋流分别Fiber milling and washing纤维精磨和洗涤- fiber is screened out from starch and gluten, recovery starch from fiber筛分纤维和淀粉，蛋白，尽能够地回收淀粉Starch/gluten separation 淀粉/蛋白分别- using Dorrclones and centrifuge separate starch and light protein运用旋流器和离

10、心机将淀粉和轻麸质分别.Process Introduction (过程简介Starch washing 淀粉洗涤- multi-stages countercurrent washing and separation system to wash the final traces of protein from the starch 运用多级逆流洗涤和分别系统将淀粉中最后的蛋白洗涤出来。Co-product drying and storage副产品枯燥和储存 - tube bundle dryers for germ, fiber and gluten drying运用管束枯燥机对胚芽，纤

11、维和蛋白进展枯燥Starch dewatering and drying 淀粉脱水和枯燥- peeler centrifuge firstly dewater starch slurry then flash dryer will dry starch cake to finish product首先运用刮板离心机对淀粉乳进展脱水，最后运用闪蒸枯燥机对淀粉进展最后的枯燥.Corn intake and storage玉米接纳和储存To remove large pieces of straw, cob, stone, chaff, etc.分别出大尺寸的物体，禾秆，玉米芯，石头，碎的茎叶等To

12、 properly handle and store corn after receiving在接纳后正确的保送和储存To sample and analysis corn upon receiving对接纳的玉米进展取样和分析To abide by FIFO (first in first out) 采用先进先出的原那么.Corn cleaning玉米净化To remove none corn product,remove broken corn and dust. 分别出非玉米类物质，碎玉米和粉尘To supply cleaned corn to steeping 为浸泡过程供应净化玉米T

13、o record amount of processed corn for financial calculation为进展财务计算准确记录进入过程的玉米量To handle broken corn and dust 对碎玉米和粉尘进展处置.Corn Cleaning 玉米净化Non-corn products (非玉米类物质) : Straw, other grains or seeds, other material. (禾杆，其它种粒，其它物)Broken corn (碎玉米)From corn handling: transport, silo circulation (在运送过程中产

14、生：运输，仓储，计量)Composition(成份): analogous to total corn(与整粒玉米相近)If used in corn process(假设进入过程，会呵斥):Blockage of steeps (堵塞浸泡罐)Free oil: oil yield, protein and starch quality (游离的油含量添加)Yield of starch and protein (影响淀粉和蛋白的收率)Dust:粉尘From broken corn (Floury endosperm)由碎玉米产生Heavely contaminated(污染物):Microb

15、iology(微生物)Mycotoxins(真菌毒素).Why steeping(浸泡的目的)Weakening of kernel 软化玉米颗粒Soften the fiber, endosperm, germ软化纤维，内胚乳，胚芽Extraction of salts and solubles析出盐和可溶解物质Decrease germ density, reduce solubles in supply starch washing battery 降低胚芽密度，减低淀粉洗涤单元供料的溶解物含量Destruction of sulphur bridges破坏S键衔接NaHSO3 - SO

16、2 - SO3Fermentation of the sugars分解游离糖.Steeping fermentation(浸泡的发酵)Open protein matrix(翻开蛋白质基体)Solubility of prolamins in organic acids(在有机酸中溶解醇溶蛋白)In situ proteolysis (经过蛋白水解作用)Destruction of NSP (non-starch-polysaccharids ) (分解无淀粉多聚糖):Production of glucanases; 葡聚糖酶Production of pentosanases; 戊聚糖Mi

17、nimize Maillard browning reaction during evaporation(在蒸发过程中有最小的褐变反响:Conversion of sugars with reducing end to acids将糖的复原性尾端变为酸;Control microbiology(微生物的控制SO2含量Lactobacilli.Degermination胚芽分别Grind enough corn to maintain starch production as desired rate破碎足量的玉米以保证淀粉的消费速度Efficiently separate whole germ

18、s in the first stage and control germ purity在一级分别中有效地分别胚芽并控制胚芽纯度Adjust Bauer mill grists to prevent over/under grinding and keep low oil content in the product.调整磨的齿间距以防止破碎缺乏或过量，坚持二级分别底流低的含油量.Degermination胚芽分别 Milling破碎Mechanical separation through size reduction经过降低尺寸进展的机械分别1st stage头道磨: Broken the

19、 corn kernel, release the germ from kernel破碎玉米颗粒，从玉米粒中分别出胚芽2nd Stage二道磨: Broken the remains whole corn破碎剩余的整粒玉米Separation分别1st stage一级分别: separation the germ from corn slurry从玉米浆中分别出胚芽2nd stage二级分别: recycle the remanding germ回流剩余的胚芽Germ washing胚芽洗涤Wash the starch out of germ, have a high purity germ

20、.将游离淀粉从胚芽中洗涤出来，得到适宜纯度的胚芽。.Equipment: Bauer Mill Bauer磨.Equipment: Hydrocyclone旋流器.Fiber milling and washing(纤维细磨和洗涤To separate the fiber from the starch gluten slurry从淀粉蛋白浆中分别出纤维To remove, by milling, the bound starch adhering to the fiber经过细磨别分开结合在纤维上的结合淀粉Broken the bond between starch and gluten i

21、n endosperm翻开内胚乳中的淀粉和蛋白间的键结合Wash the free starch out of fiber将游离淀粉从纤维中洗涤出来.Equipment: DSM Screen曲筛.Equipment: Entoleter纤维细磨.Starch Gluten Separation/Gluten concentration(淀粉蛋白分别/蛋白浓缩To produce light gluten with correct protein content消费出有正确蛋白质含量的轻麸质To produce heavy gluten消费出重麸质To produce process wate

22、r消费出工艺水Steeping 浸泡Germ washing胚芽洗涤Fiber washing纤维洗涤.Equipment: Centrifuge分别机.Starch washing淀粉洗涤Wash out the soluble protein and non-soluble protein(洗涤出淀粉乳中的可溶解和不溶解蛋白质High color in finial glucose会影响淀粉糖的颜色Reduce exchange resin life降低离子交换树脂的寿命.Wash out the fine fiber in crude starch从粗淀粉乳中洗涤出细纤维Produce

23、starch slurry with correct density消费出正确密度的淀粉乳.Starch dewatering and drying淀粉脱水和枯燥Dry starch at the rate consistent with the request按照要求的产量枯燥淀粉Produce starch as the correct pH and moisture消费的淀粉要有正确的pH值和正确水分Produce starch as the correct microbiological消费的淀粉要有正确的微生物目的Produce starch as the correct bulk density要有正确的虚密度.Equipment: P