关系代词基本用法

1、关于关系代词基本用法第一张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月 The Attributive Clause（定语从句） 1. 概念: 在复合句中， 修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。She is an English teacher who likes traveling.定语从句关系词先行词结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句第二张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月She is an English teacher who likes traveling.定语从句关系词先行词结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句关系词:1.

2、关系代词: 2.关系副词:whichthat、whowhomwhose when wherewhy2.关系词的三大作用：1）. 连接主从句2）. 替代先行词（关系词=先行词）3）. 在从句中做成分意义第三张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关系代词先行词从句成分例句who人主语宾语The man who I met today told me to come back.The reporter who is talking to the worker is famous.whom 人宾语The girl whom I met looks like Lily.that人；物主语宾语She

3、is the person that I want to see.The boy that has just left here is my brother.which 物主语宾语This is a book which was written by Hemingway.The pen which you lent me is lost.whose 人；物定语The room whose window is red is mine.This is the scientist whose name is John Nash.第四张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关系代词- that th

4、at : 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语,且作宾语时可省略. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. Who is the man that is reading a book ? The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Betty. 第五张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关系代词- which which: 指物,在定语从句中作主语 or宾语，作宾语时可省略. I lost the book which you gave

5、 me. This is our school which is very beautiful.第六张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(一)只能用that不能用which 当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everythingAll that can be done must be done.We should make use of everything that is useful.第七张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(一)只能用that不能用which的情形 当先行词被 all/little/few/much/some/any/no

6、/every 修饰时All the students that are studying in our class are from Guangdong province.第八张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月当先行词被最高级、序数词以及 the only / the very 修饰时This is the only book that I can find in my desk.He is the very guy that I want to talk to.The first thing that you should do is to eat sth.(一)只能用that不能用

7、which 第九张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月 当主句前以which / who 开头 的特殊疑问词时 (避免重复)Who is the girl that is standing over there?Which ball is the one that belongs to Mike?(一)只能用that不能用which的情形 第十张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(一)只能用that不能用which 5 当先行词同时指物和人时, 只能用that.We are talking about the people and the things that we have vi

8、sited in the county.第十一张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月Summary: 只能用that的情况1. 先行词既有指人又有指物2. 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时， 有the only, the very 等修饰时3. 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代词时4. 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时第十二张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(二)只能用which不能用that which可以引导非限制性定语从句 ， that不能The recorder ,which I paid 200

9、dollars, proves to be very useful.Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.第十三张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月 which之前可以有介词，而that不能I will never forget the school in which we studied together. This is the question about which they are discussing.(二)只能用which不能用that的情形第十四张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月who: 指人，在定语从句中作主语，或宾

10、语 做主语不能省略关系代词- who Many people who died in the earthquake were children. The person who has little hair is Mr. Zhang.第十五张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(二)只能用who不能用that 先行词是one, ones, those, anyone,heHe who doesnt work hard will not pass the exam.第十六张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月 whom: 指人，在定语从句中作宾语; 作及物动词宾语可省略, 但在介词后不可

11、省略。 关系代词- whomThe girl (whom) you saw just now is my sister. The man whom you just talked to/with is Mr.Li. =The man to/with whom you just talked is Mr.Li.类似的短语搭配有: talk about /take care of/ look for/look after/learn from/listen to等第十七张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(二)只能用whom不能用who当关系代词前有介词时The girl to whom I

12、 spoke is my cousin.第十八张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月(二)能位于介词后的关系代词Which I will never forget the school in which we studied together.whom. The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.第十九张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关系代词引导定语从句时，要注意几点：（1）Whom, which作介词宾语时，介词一般可以放在它们的前面，也可以放在从句原来的位置上，但是如果是固定词组，不能把介词和动词拆开 There is a room in w

13、hich you can study.which you study in.Rose is the student whom you should look after/take care of.第二十张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关系代词who,which, that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。Anyone who _ over 20 can join the army.I ,who _ your friend , will help you.isam 第二十一张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月 注意：作宾语时关系代词可省。1.The

14、 man who/ I met today told me to come back.2.The girl whom / I met looks like Lily.3.She is the person that / I want to see.The pen which / you lent me is lost.4.The best work _ she wrote and _ I have read will be made into film.A which; that B that; that C that; / D / ; /第二十二张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月1.

15、 This is our monitor whose English is very good. 2. I borrowed a book from the library whose name is “War and Peace”. whose : 既可指人也可指物, 在定语从句中作定语关系代词- whose第二十三张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月It is a poor dog.Its heart is broken.It is a poor dog whose heart is broken.第二十四张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月The man is shoutin

16、g for help . His house is on fire .The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.第二十五张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月The girl is being taken to a hospital .Her leg broke in the earthquake .The girl whose leg broke in the earthquake is taken to a hospital . 第二十六张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月This is the book whose

17、cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.This is the book the cover of which is blue.I know the girl whose name is Mary.I know the girl of whom the name is Mary.I know the girl the name of whom is Mary.第二十七张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月总结：关系代词的用法成分先行词指人先行词指物主语 Do you know the man _ came to s

18、ee Xiao Yang this morning?I couldnt find the book _was bought yesterday.宾语He is a man_ _we should all learn from.The table _you just saw is made of plastics.定语Do you know the boy _ parents are on holiday?Ive never been to the room _windows are broken.who /that which /that who /that /whom which /that

19、 whosewhose/ / 第二十八张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月怎样判断用什么关系代词口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语第二十九张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月关于定语从句的难点,和出错点.1.定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容.This is the book that I like it best.2.插入语成分.The beggar who I think is poor is in fact rich.从句部分第三十张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月定语从句中的主谓一致问题.1.She is one of the girls wh

20、o _ praised at the meeting.2.She is the only one of the girls who _ praised at the meeting. ( be ) areis5.在先行词缺少的情况下,要用the one 来补充它的先行词,然后确定它的关系词This is the factory _ I worked last year.This factory is _ I worked last year.This factory is _ I visited last year.where/ in which the one where the one t

21、hat/ /第三十一张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月6.与其他从句和句式的区别与where 和 when 引导的 状语从句的区别.区别的关键就是:是否有先行词.This is the school where I studied many years ago.There were a lot of sheep where I lived.I will never forget the day when I first went to school.We were about to start when it began to rain. in which on which连词; 在那

22、里连词; 就在那个/就这个时候第三十二张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月Lets do some exercise!第三十三张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月1.The girl _is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.2. The girl _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer.3. The girl_ mother is a teacher can speak English very well.4. I cant find the book _is borr

23、owed from the library.5. I cant find the book _you lent to me.who/that/ who/whom/that/ whosewhich/thatthat/which/ 巩固练习： 用适当的关系词填空第三十四张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place

24、 _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:第三十五张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月10. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 11.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 12.Finally, the thief handed everything

25、 _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 第三十六张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月14. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which第三十七张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月15. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected.

26、 A. what B. which C. that D. it第三十八张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2.I know the student _you borrowed the pen.A. that B. from whom C. from which D. whom3. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. whi

27、ch C. who D. whom4. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /练一练！第三十九张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月1.The man _ I saw told me to wait.2.The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员)4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.F

28、ill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.whowhomwhosewhosewhom第四十张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月Lets do some exercise!Make sentences with the expressions and pictures.第四十一张，PPT共四十九页，创作于2022年6月the ship/was the most beautiful in the world at that timeTitanic is the ship _was the most beautiful in the word at that time.