小升初英语语法祈使句大总结

1、学习必备欢迎下载祈使句祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。1)祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。Takethisseat.Dobecareful.但有时为了指明向谁请求或发出命袋子令，也可说出主语来。如：Alice,youcloseyourbook.艾丽期，请你把书关上。否定结构：Dontmove.Dontbelate.Pleasedontforgettotakeyourmedicine.请不要忘记吃药。)Dontletsquarrelaboutit.(=Letsnotquarrelaboutit.我们不要为此事争吵了。祈使句的

2、强调式Dobeontime.务必准时。Docomeearly.务必早点来。2)第二种祈使句以let开头。Let的反意疑问句a.Lets包括说话者Letshaveanothertry，shallwe/shantwe?=Shallwehaveanothertry?b.Letus不包括说话者Letushaveanothertry，willyou/wontyou?=Willyoupleaseletushaveanothertry?否定结构：Letsnottalkofthatmatter.Letusnottalkofthatmatter.用复合不定代词作主语的祈使句当要对一群人讲话时，祈使语气可与eve

3、rybody,someone之类的词连用。如：Nobodymove.谁都别动。Nobodysayaword!都不许说话!Someonefetchapailofwater.谁去打一桶水来。Somebodyanswerthephoneplease.请来个人接电话。学习必备欢迎下载Someonegoandseewhoitis.谁去看看是什么人来了。Dontanybodygetoutofhere.大家都别出去!Everyonekeepquiet!大家安静!Everybodysitdownandletshaveadrink.大家坐下来喝一杯吧!Mary,comehereeverybodyelsestay

4、whereyouare.玛丽到这里来，其他人都留在原地。在表示否定的命令语气后面可用带any的复合词：Dontsayawordanybody!谁都不要说话!Dontanybodysayaword!任何人都不许说话不要混淆祈使句与非谓语动词有这样一道语法考题，该用动词原形？还是用非谓语动词？_theroadroundtotherightandyoullfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed【分析】此题容易误选B或C，许多同学一看选项就想当然地认为，选现在分词表示时间或伴随，选不定式表目的。此题的关键是要注意句中的连词and，它表明

5、整个句子是一个并列句，即and前后应各是一个独立的句子，而不应是一个非谓语形式的短语，所以此题的正确答案应选A，即and前是一个祈使句。比较以下两题：(1)_theroadroundtotheright,shefoundhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed【分析】此题应选B，现在分词短语表时间。(2)_theroadroundtotheright,theblindmanaskedaboytoguidehim.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed【分析】此题应选C，不定式短语表目的。因为句中的并

6、列连词and（填空句为祈使句）：(1)_themilkandsetagoodexampletotheotherchildren.A.DrinkB.TodrinkC.DrinkingD.Havingdrinking(2)_me,anddontjuststandtherelaughing.A.AnswerB.ToanswerC.AnsweringD.Tobeanswering(3)_me,andthentrytocopywhatIdo.A.WatchB.WatchingC.TowatchD.Havewatching(4)_throughthisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkof

7、it.A.LookB.LookingC.TolookD.Havinglooked(5)_itwithmeandIllseewhatIcando.A.LeaveB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Whenleft注：有时可能不用连词，而用破折号（答案均选B，填空句为祈使句）。如：(1)_downtheradiothebabysasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnC.TurnedD.Toturn(2)_someofthisjuiceperhapsyouwilllikeit.学习必备欢迎下载A.TryingB.TryC.TotryD.Havingtried

8、以下（填空句为祈使句）：(1)_leftwhenyougettotheendofthestreet.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Kept(2)_youhandoveryourmouthwhenyoucough.A.PutB.PuttingC.ToputD.Tobeputting(3)_himenoughtimetogethomebeforeyoutelephone.A.GiveB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given(4)_untilthelightshaveturnedtogreen.A.WaitB.TowaitC.WaitingD.Havingwaited(5)

9、_thepiecesofclothwithaloosestitchbeforefinallysewingthemtogether.A.JoinB.TojoinC.JoiningD.Joined以下为祈使句：(1)Dontgivemealongaccount,just_theplainfacts.A.tellB.tellingC.totellD.tobetelling(2)First_thericebywashingit,then_itinboilingwater.A.prepare,cookB.preparing,cookingC.preparing,cookD.prepare,cooking(3)Dontsittherewatching_andhelpme!A.comeB.comingC.tocomeD.tobecoming(4)Dontwasteyourmoneyonsillythings_it.A.saveB.tosaveC.savingD.havingsaved(5)Totesteggs,_theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloattheyrebad,iftheysinktheyregood.A.putB.puttingC.toputD.tobeputting但是，以下各题情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语(用不定式)