2015新增词汇讲解

1、 /6届江苏省高考英语考试说明新增词整理汇编讲解.anticipate况ntspetvt.预期，预料他们预计会有几个人来应征这份工作。+-ingverbTheyanticipatehavingseveralapplicantsforthejob.+thatTheyanticipatethattheywillhaveseveralapplicantsforthejobassure；vt.向保证；使确信我确信他很诚实。可以说：Iamassuredofhishonesty.Iamassuredthatheishonest.他的工作确保给他带来一定程度的幸福感。两句意思相同：.Hisworkassur

2、edhimadegreeofhappiness.Hisworkassuredadegreeofhappinesstohim.但不及句常用：.Hisworkensuredhimadegreeofhappiness.Hisworkensuredadegreeofhappinesstohim.Hisworkensuredadegreeofhappinessforhim.ceasesvtjvi.停止Atoneoclocktherainhadceased.一点钟时雨已经停了。ceasedoing和ceasetodo(停止做)略有区别。只有一次的动作通常用动名词。例如：Whenheheardtheknoc

3、k,heceasedwriting.经常性的动作通常用不定式。例如：Heneverceasestoamazeme.他总让我惊喜不断。此外，ceasefromdoing也可以，但不用from更常见。commoditykmdtn.商品，货物；日用品复数commoditiesPriceswentuponseveralbasiccommoditieslikebreadandmeat.面包、肉等几种基本商品的价格上涨了。commodityeconomy商品经济commodityprice商品价格compilekmpalvt.收集；编辑，编制Ittakesyearsofhardworktocompilea

4、gooddictionary.编辑一部好词典需要数年的艰苦工作。comprehensivekmprhensvadj.全面的；综合的；包罗万象的；详尽的Weofferyouacomprehensivetraininginallaspectsofthebusiness.我们向你提供这个行业各方面的综合培训。consentknsentvi.同意；赞成；答应n.同意；(意见等的)一致；赞成Imsureshewouldntconsent.我敢肯定她不会答应的。Heconsentedtomakeafewalteration.他同意作一些改动。Atapproximately11:30p.m.,Pollard

5、finallygavehisconsenttothesearch.大约晚上11：30的时候，波拉德终于对搜查予以同意。contrastkntrsn.对比，对照Hiswhitehairwasinsharpcontrastto(with)hisdarkskin.他的白发与他的黑皮肤形成鲜明的对照。Incontrastwith(to)yourbeliefthatweshallfail，Iknowweshallsucceed.你认为我们将失败，恰恰相反，我知道我们将会成功。corekn核心；要点；果核Wealreadyhaveourcoreteaminplace.我们的核心队伍已经就位。criteri

6、onkraIrnn.(判断、决定的)标准，准则复数：criteriathecriteriaformeasuringhowgoodschoolsare衡量学校好坏的标准Academicabilityisnottheonlycriterionforadmissiontothecollege.学术能力不是大学招生的唯一标准。一crucialkr()ladj.至关重要的；关键的；决定性的acrucialdecision/question至关重要的决定/问题Herworkhasbeencrucialtotheprojectssuccess.她的工作对于这个专案的成功至关重要。Itiscrucialtha

7、ttheproblemshouldbetackledimmediately.关键是要马上着手处理这一问题。crushkrv.&n.压碎，压坏，压扁Hislegwascrushedintheaccident.他的腿在事故中被压断了。Twopeoplewerecrushedtodeathintherushtoescape.在匆忙逃跑中有两个人被压死。cursekv&n.诅咒；骂cursesb/sthfor(doing)sthElsacursedherselfforbelievinghislies.埃尔莎骂自己相信了他的谎言。deduceddvt.推论，推断；演绎出Alisoncleverlyded

8、ucedthatIwastheauthoroftheletter.艾莉森聪明地推断出我是这封信的作者。ThedateofthedocumentcanbededucedfromreferencestotheCivilWar.该文件的日期可以从其对内战的提及处推算出来。despairdspen.绝望amood/senseofdespair绝望的情绪/感觉Theyrein(thedepthsof)despairover/aboutthemoneytheyvelost.他们对找回丢失的钱已经不抱(任何)希望了。Toherteachersdespair,Nicoleneverdoestheworktha

9、tshestoldtodo.妮歌从不做功课，这让她的老师感到非常失望。devildev()ln.n.魔鬼；撒旦；家伙；恶棍；淘气鬼；冒失鬼differentiate,dfrenetv.区分；区别对待Wemustdifferentiatebetweenrightandwrong.我们必须分清是非。Wedonotdifferentiatebetweenourworkersonthebasisoftheirbackgroundorethnicorigin.我们不会因工人的背景或种族不同而区别对待。dramadrn.戏居Uearneststadj.认真的；有决心的；郑重其事的；诚挚的Hewasaver

10、yearnestyoungman.他是个非常认真的年轻人。inearnest用作形容词短语或状语短语都可以，如：Heaskedthequestioninearnest.equatekwetvt.将增增等同于；同等对待(或看待、表示)，相提并论equatewealthwithhappiness把幸福与财富同等看待equategrowingprosperitywiththephysicalhealthofanation把发展的繁荣与一个民族的身体健康等同起来estatestetn.财产realestatemarket房地产市场；不动产市场ethnicenkadj.民族的；种族的evolvevlvv

11、.（使）逐步发展；（使）逐步演变；（使）进化TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheattic.这种想法是从我在阁楼里发现的一幅画得到启发的。exceedksV超过，超出（数量）；超越（规定的范围）Thefinalcostshouldnotexceed$5000.最终的费用不应超出5000美元。excludeksklvd阻止进入；把排斥在外excludefromWomenarestillexcludedfromtheclub.这间俱乐部仍然不让女性进入。exploitkspltvt.开发，开采；利用exploittheoilunderthesea开发

12、海底石油Wemustexploiteveryopportunitytolearnnewthings.我们必须利用一切机会学习新事物。formulafml惯例；（婴儿食物等的）配方；处方；公式；方程式foundationfande（）nn.基本原理；根据；基础layeasolidfoundationforRespectandfriendshipprovideasolidfoundationformarriage.尊重和伴侣关系是婚姻的牢固基础。genderdendn.性别genderdifference性别差异gracegresn.优雅Shedidntfitinandshehadfewsocia

13、lgraces.她不适应而且没有什么社交风度。grantgrntvt.授予；允许；承认vi.同意HerequestedthatthePremiergranthimaninterview.他请求总理准许给他一次会面的机会takesth.forgranted/takeitforgrantedthat认为某事理所当然；想当然guidelinegadlann.指导方针imitatemtetvt.模仿；仿效Someoftheyoungerpopbandstrytoimitatetheirmusicalheroesfromthepast.一些较年轻的流行乐队极力模仿心目中昔日的音乐巨星。inducendv

14、S诱导；引诱T+obj+toinfinitive诱使；劝说Theyinducedhertotakethejobbypromisingeditorialfreedom.他们向她保证有编辑自由，以劝服她接受这项工作。Nothingcouldinduceme（=Idefinitelycannotbepersuaded）toclimbamountain/rideabike.没有甚么能诱使我去爬山/骑脚踏车的。innovatenvetvi.改革，仓1新innovatein/ontechniques在工艺上创新Wemustinnovateinordertomakeprogress.我们必须改革以便取得进步

15、。insightnsatn.洞察力，洞悉；深入了解，深刻见解gain（an）insightinto看透，识破，了解Thearticlegivesusarealinsightintothecausesofthepresenteconomiccrisis.这篇文章分析了目前经济危机的原因，发人深省。Theresearchprovidesnewinsightsintothewayweprocesslanguage.该研究对我们处理语言的方式提出了新的看法。interact+withvt.互相影响；互相作用Lucyinteractswellwithotherchildrenintheclass.露西和

16、班里的其他孩子相处得很好。interferentfv.干预，干涉interfereith打扰或妨碍。例如：Youmustnotinterferewithhim/erferein干涉。例如：Yermediate,ntmd之间的，中间的anintermediatestage/stepinaprocess中间阶段/步骤journaldn(n.日报，杂志；日记logicldIn.逻辑；逻辑学；逻辑性adj.逻辑的manualm况nj()ladj.用手做的；靠劳力的；手工操作的manualwo

17、rk手工overseasvsadj.&adv.adj.外国的；海外的overseasstudents/visitors外国留学生/游客adv.在国外；在海外live/work/gooverseas在国外生活/工作；出国proportionprp()nn.部分；比例Womensbodiestendtohaveahigherproportionoffattowater.女性体内往往有更高的脂肪与水的比值。当proportion作部分(part)解时，a(the)proportionof用作主语，其谓语动词的数决定于所修饰名词的数。例如：Alargeproportionofmytimeisspent

18、instudying.我的大部分时间都用在学习上。Alargeproportionofstudentsareworkersandpeasants.大部分学生是工人和农民。当proportion作比率、之比解时，其谓语动词永远用单数。例如：Theproportionofboystogirlsinourclassisthreetoone.我们班上的男生与女生之比是三比一。ratioren.比率，比例attheratioofto按与的比率reluctantrlkt()ntadj.不情愿的Iwasreluctanttopaywhattheydemanded.我不情愿付他们要求的钱。saucessn.调

19、味汁thumbmn.拇指v.翻阅beallthumbs笨手笨脚；笨拙；手指不灵活thumbthroughabook翻阅一本书undergondgvt.经受；忍受undergoachange/transformation经历变化/转变undergoanoperation接受治疗/手术undergotests接受检查visionv()nn.视力；美景；眼力；幻象，憧憬vt.想象；显现；梦见Thatsmyvisionofhowtheworldcouldbe.那就是我对这个世界未来的憧憬。Hetriedtovisionhimselfinapastcentury.他假想自己身处百年之前。新词造句assu

20、re/crucial/insight/comprehensive/visionIamassuredthatitiscrucialthatwedevelopourvision,haveacomprehensivegraspofandagoodinsightintoeachsubject.我确信发展我们的视野，全面掌握且能洞悉每一门学科至关重要。exploit/guideline/criterion/foundation/innovateExploitingourpresenttechnologytothefullshouldbetheguidelineforourworkandthecriter

21、ionforoursuccess,whichwilllayasolidfoundationforinnovating.充分利用我们现在的科技应该是我们工作的指导方针和我们成功的标准，这会为创新铺垫基础。formula/compile/cease/core/despairTheresnomagicformulaforcompilingagooddictionary.Youcantceaseyourpursuitandoftenthelackofperseveranceisatthecoreoftheproblem,leavingyouindespair.编撰一本好词典没有窍门。你不能停止探索，常

22、常韧性的缺乏是问题的所在，会让你绝望。anticipate/curse/devil/crush/earnestItcanbeanticipatedthatpollution,acurseanddevilofmodernsocietywhichoncealmostcrushedourhopes,willbedealtwithinearnest.可以预计的是，污染将会被极其严肃地对待，因为它是现代社会的灾祸和魔鬼，曾几何时几乎粉碎了我们的希望。differentiate/gender/ethnic/exclude/interactWedonotdifferentiatebetweenourmemb

23、ersonthebasisofgenderandtheirethnicorigin.Wewontexcludeanyoneofthemfromtheclubandallofusinteractwellwitheachother.我们没有基于性别和种族来源来区分我们的成员。我们不会从俱乐部中排除他们中的任何人，我们所有的人彼此互动良好。drama/proportion/estate/contrast/graceLifeisadrama.Alargeproportionofyourtimeisspentonmoney,butonedayyoumayloseallyourestate.Facedwiththesharpcontrast,canyoustilltreatlifewithgrace?人生如戏。你大部分时间被花在挣钱上，但有一天你失去了所有的财产。面对这鲜明的对照，你还能依旧优雅地面对生活吗commodity/consent/grant/equate/overseasSomep