2012届高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Making the news单元基础知识强化 新人教版必修5

1、PAGE PAGE 5用心 爱心 专心Unit 4 Making the news.必背句型1_(毫无疑问地球正变暖)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.答案： There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer2. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere _(引起

2、全球温度上升)答案： causing the global temperature to go up3. Greenhouse gases continue to _(在大气层中聚集)答案： build up in the atmosphere.完成句子1She is a woman who can be _(信赖)(depend)答案：depended on/upon2Our supplies finally _(耗尽)(run)答案：ran out3A teachers work is often _(比作)a candle.(compare)答案：compared to4_(毫无疑问)

3、that he is guilty.(doubt)答案：There is no doubt5They _(反对) the plan of building the motorway.(oppose)答案：are opposed to.多项选择1He never _ to help those in trouble because he was a kindhearted man.AhandledBhurriedChesitated Drotated解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为“帮助那些有困难的人，他从来都不犹豫，因为他是一个善良的人”。handle处理；hurry匆忙；rotate旋转，都

4、与语境不符。2San Francisco police say they have made some progress during the year in _ on gun violence.Aknocking down Bcutting downCslowing down Dtearing down解析：选B。cut down削减；减少。句意为：San Francisco警察说，在这一年中，他们在减少枪支犯罪方面取得了进展。knock down撞倒；slow down减速；tear down推倒，拆毁。3You can accuse the man of the offence on t

5、he condition that you have enough _.Afact BevidenceCtruth Dreason解析：选B。evidence证据；fact事实；truth真相；reason原因。4Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _，like coal，gas and oil.Afuels BarticlesCgoods Dproducts解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。fuels燃料；articles文章。内容；goods货物； products产品。根据like coal，gas and oil可知，应选A。5Ch

6、ildren under six are not _ to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.Apermitted BadmittedCaccepted Dreceived解析：选B。sb.be(not)admitted to地方“某人被允许进入某地就读”。6We can see monuments here and there.Those who have made great _ to human beings and society will never be forgotten.Aadvance BprogressCco

7、ntribution Dachievement解析：选C。make contribution to为固定短语，意为“对做出贡献”。7The lucky fans will be picked out _ rather than chosen beforehand to perform with the singer during the party.Aby accident Bon earthCat random Don average解析：选C。by accident偶然地：on earth究竟，到底；at random随意地，随机地；on average平均。由句意可知C项正确。8I wa

8、nt to _ voice to what we all feel in wishing the teacher a quick recovery.Amake BsendCgive Dtake解析：选C。give(a)voice to是固定短语，意为“表达，说出”。9After seven years work，Chinese scientists _ the task of launching our countrys first spaceship into space.Aachieved BoperatedCsucceeded Dgained解析：选A。achieve the task完

9、成任务。10He _ the envelope and recognized his fathers handwriting.Astared at Bglared atClooked at Dglanced解析：选D。stare at盯着看；glare at怒视；look at看；glance at瞥一眼。句意：他瞥了信封一眼，认出是父亲的笔记。.阅读理解AEveryone agrees that its necessary to reduce carbon emissions(排放物) around the world. There is less agreement over exactl

10、y how nations should go about achieving a more carbon free planet. Thus，the environmental equivalent: cap-and-trade carbon emissions，or place a carbon tax on all users?With cap-and-trade programs，governments limit the level of carbon produced by an industry. Companies that hold their emissions below

11、 the cap can sell their remaining allowance on a carbon market，while companies that go beyond their limit must purchase credits on that market. Carbon taxes are more straight forward: a set tax rate is placed on the consumption of carbon with the idea that raising the price will encourage industries

12、 and individuals to consume less. At the moment，cap-and-trade has the upper hand，but doesnt defeat the tax just yet.Supporters of the tax argue that a cap-and-trade system would be too difficult to administerand too easily gamed by industries looking to sidestep emissions caps. Cap-and-trade advocat

13、es contradict that like all other flat taxes，a carbon collection would relatively burden lower income families，who spend a greater percentage of their income on energy than rich households.So which system will have a larger effect on carbon consumption? A 10% carbon tax might reduce the demand for c

14、arbon about 5% or less，according to an analysis by the Carbon Tax Center，an environmental advocacy group. That may not be enough. Businesses and governments havent figured out how the two competing systems can work together，but in the end，the world may need both.1The passage focuses on _.Aprograms o

15、f collecting taxesBsystems of reducing carbon emissionsCreasons for reducing carbon emissions Dcontradictions between the two systems解析：选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段 Everyone agrees that its necessary to reduce carbon emissions around the world.然后下面紧接着介绍了 cap-and-trade 的体制，可知文章的主题是谈论限制对一氧化碳气体的排放的制度。2According to t

16、he cap-and-trade program，companies _.Aare forbidden to produce carbon emissionsBare allocated the same amount of carbon consumptionCcan sell their remaining allowance within their limitsDcan sell the extra amount of carbon at a higher price解析：选C。细节题。根据第二段 Companies that hold their emissions below th

17、e cap can sell their allowance on a carbon market 可知，把废气排放量控制在规定线以下的工厂可以把剩余的碳气卖出去。3The underlined word “cap” in the second paragraph most likely refers to _.Alimit BcreditClevel Drate解析：选A。词义理解题。根据上句.government limit the level of carbon produced by industry. Companies that hold their emissions below

18、 the cap.可知此处的cap 就是指上文所提到的政府对废气排放的限制量。4We can learn from the passage _.Acarbon taxes are difficult to carry outBcap-and-trade plays a greater role at presentCcap-and-trade will be preferable in the futureDcarbon taxes will be preferable in the future解析：选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段So which system will have a lar

19、ger effect on carbon consumption? A 10% carbon tax might reduce the demand for carbon about 5% or less.可推测出虽然 cap-and-trade 也不完全是易操作的一个体制，但目前还是占有较重要地位。B(2011年三月济南市联考)How much can environment affect intelligence? In one study，striking increases in IQ occurred in 25 children who were moved from an orp

20、hanage(孤儿院) to more stimulating environments. The children，who were all considered mentally retarded and inadaptable，were moved to an institution (慈善机构) where they received personal attention from adults. Later，these supposedly retarded children were adopted by parents who gave them love，a family，an

21、d a stimulating home environment. The children gained an average of 29 IQ points. For one child，the increase was an amazing 58 points .A second group of initially less “retarded” children，who stayed in the orphanage，lost an average of 26 IQ points.Other encouraging results can be found in early chil

22、dhood education programs，which provide stimulating intellectual experiences for disadvantaged children. In one study，children from lowincome families were given enriched environments from early infancy(婴儿期)through preschool. By age 2 their IQ scores were already higher than those in a control group.

23、 More important，they were still 5 points higher seven years later. High-quality enrichment programs such as Head Start can prevent children from falling behind in school.A particularly striking environmental effect is the fact that 14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from 5 to 25 points during

24、 the last 30 years. These IQ boosts(增加)，averaging 15 points，occurred in far too short a time for genetics(遗传学) to explain them. It is more likely that the gains reflect environmental forces，such as improved education，nutrition，and living in a technologically complex society.【解题导语】本文是一篇调查报告，研究表明环境影响孩

25、子的智力。5Whats the main idea of this passage?ARetarded children cannot improve their IQs.BOrphanages are full of mentally retarded children.CEnvironmental factors influence a childs IQ.DEarly childhood education programs are important.解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章一开始作者提出“环境对智力有多大影响？”作者写了孤儿院儿童因环境改变而智力提高的研究结果。第二段作者谈到了早期教育对孩子智力提高有影响。第三段讲述了30年来14个国家儿童受环境影响平均智力提高，从遗传学角度很难解释。所以文