高二英语人教版选修六第一单元语法讲解答案

1、Book6Unit1Art语法：虚拟语气Step1：lead-in：英语的三种语气陈述语气:用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问和感叹等形式。祈使语气:用来表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请和命令等。Hurryup!虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。Step2:虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法If条件从句虚拟条件句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反的假设与过去相反的假设与将来相反的假设did/werehaddonedid/weretodo/shoulddowould/could/mightdowould/could/mighthavedonewou

2、ld/could/mightdo1.IfI_(meet)ProfessorSmithlastweek,I_(tell)himaboutit.2.IfI_(have)enoughmoneynow,I_(buy)acarofmyown.3.Ifittomorrow(rain),theyoffthemeeting.(put)4.Ifsheheretomorrow(come),sheuswhathashappenedtoher.(tell)虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：错综时间条件句是指从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。5.Ifyou_(follow)myadvice,you

3、_(be)asuccessnow.6.Ifyou_(take)medicineyesterday,you_(be)betternow.隐含条件句：without/butfor，otherwise/or等词表含蓄条件,需用虚拟语气。butforsth(若不是):butforsth=ifitwerenotforsth(与现在相反)，+woulddo=ifithadnotbeenforsth.(与过去相反)，+wouldhavedoneotherwise/or:表示事实的句子一般现在时(do)+otherwise(adv)/or(conj)+.woulddo一般过去时(did)+otherwise(

4、adv)/or(conj)+.wouldhavedonebut(但是):表示虚拟的句子(与现在)woulddo+but+事实句子do(与过去)wouldhavedone+but+事实句子did7.Withoutair,there_(be)nolivingthingsnow.8.Ifithadnotbeenforthestorm,we_(arrive)earlier.9.Butforyourhelp,I_(fail)towinthefirstprizeintheEnglishCompetitionlastweek.10.Iamreallybusy.Otherwisel_(go)withyou.I

5、wouldgowithyou,butI_(be)reallybusy.省略句在虚拟条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式11.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotobedearlytonight.-_,Iwouldgotobedearlytonight.12.IfI_(have)time,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.-_,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.13_theresufficientmasks,peoplewouldnotbuyphoneymasksinnocently.虚拟条件句与真实条件句的区分(看实现可能性的大小)I

6、fIhavetime,Iwillhelpyouwiththework.Ifhehadcomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.Step3:虚拟语气特殊句型：wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句谓语与现在相反：did与过去相反：haddone与将来相反：would/could/mightdo14.IwishI（be）agreatscientistnowIwishI（see）thefilmyesterday.Iwishshe（come）ontimetomorrow.asif/though

7、+Clause与现在相反：didasif后谓语形式与过去相反：haddone与将来相反：would/could/mightdo15.Shelovesthebabyasifit_herownson.(be)Theytalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.(be)Hecoughedtwiceasifsomeone_.(come)ifonly意为：要是.那该多好啊;真希望.;由其引起的感叹句，谓语动词的形式与if虚拟条件句相同。与现在相反：didifonly后谓语与过去相反：haddone与将来相反：would/could/mightdo16.LookatthetroubleI

8、amin!IfonlyI_(take)youradvice.wouldrather宁愿；但愿wouldrather从句中的谓语形式与现在相反：did与过去相反：haddone与将来相反：did17.YoualwaysgowithoutmeandIdratheryou_.你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。Iwouldratheryou_(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou_(tell)methatthingyesterday.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butIwouldratherhe_(fo

9、cus)moreonitsculture.Its(about/high)time+thatsb.didsth.(18.Tom,itishightimethat_你服药)。19_(政府该采取有效措施来解决这一问题了)表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1）宾语从句常见动词：一坚持：insist二命令：order,command三建议：advise,suggest,recommend四要求：require,request,demand,desire20.Tomspalefacesuggestedthatshe_(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_(send)to

10、hospital.21.Tominsistedwhathesaid_trueandweinsistedthathe_(go)andhavealook.2)以上动词相应的名词：order,command,advise,suggestion,requirement,request等构成的名词性从句也要使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。22.Ourteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatwe_(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.Itsnecessary/important+that从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形24.Itisnecessarythattheproblem_（settle）atonce.Step4:几种表示虚拟的特殊句式情态动词+havedone(“本”一族)couldhavedone(本能够做，但没做)oughtto/shouldhavedone(本该做，但没做)neednthavedone(本没必要做，但是做了)未曾实现的愿望及打算hadexpected/hoped/