2019年英语高考真题卷-全国II卷（含答案解析）

1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国II卷英语第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每 段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Exc

2、ited.C. Tired.How much will the man pay?A. $20.B. $80.C. $100.What does the man tell Jane to do?Postpone his appointment.Meet Mr. Douglas.Return at 3 oclock.Why would David quit his job?To go back to school.To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.第二节（共15小题海小题1.5分，总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后

3、有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确 选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。What does the man want the woman to do?Check the cupboard.Clean the balcony.Buy an umbrella.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.Employer and employee.Shop a

4、ssistant and customer.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. The city centre. B. The forest park.C. The mans home.How did the man spend his weekend?Packing for a move.Going out with Jenny.Looking for a new house.【答案分析】 根据 After攵局部中的Its about two sisters Eri,a model who either wont

5、or cant stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student可知答案为 Co.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据Gone Gi局部中的but the horror story is brilliant”可知答案为DoB体裁:记叙文题材:志愿者工作主题:志愿者工作的意义【文章大意】本文介绍作者自己参与并鼓励他人参与志愿者工作的经历,论述了志愿者工作的独特意 义。.C【命题意图】 考查推理判断。【答案分析】根据第一段第一句You can use me as a last resort（选择）,and if nobody else volunteers

6、,then Iwill do it”和第二段中的the unwilling parent”可推断，这位家长不想做志愿者工作。应选Co.B【命题意图】 考查词义猜想。【答案分析】上文作者提到一位家长不愿意做志愿者，但她认为只要进一步做些劝说工作,那位家长会同 意的。于是决定试着（用事例）去说服。下文作者便列举了其他家长做志愿者时奉献爱心的事例。在这一过 程中,那位先前不愿做志愿者的家长最后表示同意了。由此可知,tug at the heartstrings的意思是诉诸情感，即 用情感打动对方。26.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析根据第三段第三句中的the same parent ends

7、 up becoming an invaluable member of the team*1可知，这位家长最后成了一个好帮手。B【命题意图】考查细节理解o【答案分析】 根据第四段中的Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good”很容易看出来，作者觉得做志愿者工作很快乐。 所以选B。【熟词生义】close(Para. 4, line 2)常用义:v.关闭adj,

8、亲密的adv.靠近 文章义:.结束，终结例句:As 1999 drew to a close, the story was changing. 1999 年即将结束时，情况有了变化。难句分析 However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?(Para. 5)分析:if引导的条件状语从句是由并列连词and连接的并列句构成;does it really matter where my motivation lies

9、是主句，其中的it是形式主语,where my motivation lies是主语从句，作真正的主语。译文:然而,如果别人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些奖励,那么我的动机是什么真的重要吗？C体裁:说明文 题材:社会生活 主题:用餐趋势【文章大意】随着技术的进步，单独用餐在美国变得流行起来。B【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】根据第二段的统计数据可知，该段主要讲美国人的用餐习惯。应选B。.C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】根据第三段内容，尤其是最后一句中的Todayjust wanted some time to myselF可知,Bechtel喜欢单独外出吃饭因为她想有自己独处

10、的时间。应选C。.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据第四段中的chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)”可知,Mazoleny与barkeeper交流时可以直呼其名，可见他们之间是熟悉的。.A【命题意图】考查主旨大意。【答案分析】根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all theadvances in technology”可知，本

11、文主要讲单独用餐的趋势。D体裁:说明文题材:文化教育主题:开发创新思维【文章大意】本文介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研工程，鼓励学生开发创新思维，培养 实际生活技能。.A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】根据第一段第二句The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably onsurfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week”可知，细菌彳艮难 被清除掉。应选A。.D【命题意

12、图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】根据第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms w汕 NASAengineers”可知,HUNCH工程的目的是把太空技术和学校教育结合起来。.A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析根据第三段中的“Engineers come and really do an in-person review.It飞 a hard business reviewof your product”可知,NASA的工程师们会检查学生们的作品。.B【命题意图】考查标题判断。【答案分析】本文讲述的是美国一所中学与NASA

13、合作的联合科研工程，让学生完成与太空技术有关的 任务。B项与此内容密切相关，应选B。【难句分析Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.(Para. 4)分析:Gordon says是句子的主语和谓语,his students . in space是省略了连接词that的宾语从句.readying a workable solution to test in space是宾语从句中的

14、伴随状语。译文:戈登说，他的学生每天都在与美国航空航天局的工程师们就这个问题发电子邮件，为太空测试的可 行性方法做好准备。第二节体裁:说明文题材:社会生活 主题:如何保持动力来实现自己的目标【文章大意】没有动力，你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标。本文就如何保持动力来实现自己的目标提出了一些建议。.G 根据空前一句Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin可知,此处在讲动力和设定 目标之间的关系，故G项”没有动力,你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标”符合语境。.B 第一段阐述了动力和设定目标之间的关系，结合空后的Mo

15、re than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal”可知，空处与空后内容形成递进关系，故B项符合语境。.A空前讲有时候你的心思并不在工作上，由此可知空处应选A”这会影响你的工作”。.E根据空前一句中的“goals are flexible”可知，目标是可变动的，因此E项”它们可以根据情况发生改变”符 合语境。.C空前一句说你可能想当飞行员，但因为视力不好,你的目标不能实现。再结合空后一句中的“reassess your goals. set a fresh goal”可知，此处需要有一个表示转折意义的衔接，故C项符合语

16、境。第三局部语言知识运用第一节体裁:记叙文 题材:个人经历 主题:帮人找回宠物狗【文章大意】本文讲述了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回丧失的宠物狗的故事。4LC空后一句倒叙描写Ehlers打猎时看到路边有一条小狗，曾试着把它哄到近前，但未成功。由此可推知， 在返家的途中，他应该是想起(thought) 了那条小狗。.B空后一句说Ehlers试着将小狗哄到跟前时,小狗很害怕。据此可推测,B项“瑟瑟发抖”可用于形容惊恐 的小狗。.A他曾尝试(tried)把小狗哄到他身边,但它感到害怕，跑开(run off)了。.D参见上题解析。.C 根据第三段第一句中的as lost in the local pap

17、er”可知,Ehlers很担忧那只丧失的(lost)狗。.C 根据空后一句可知，此处表示四天后，他叫上朋友Greg,两人一起开车回去(back)。.D此处指经过长时间且仔细的寻找(search)。.A 根据第一段中的“ frightened”可知，那只狗正在谨慎地(cautiously)移动。.B根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。.B 由下一句中的“ad”可知，此处应选Bo advertise”登广告”。.B 根据下文Ehlers跟狗的主人取得了联系可知，广告上留有 (phone)号码。.A 此处指Ehlers打 (called)给Jeff和Lisa,告诉他们他

18、已经找到(found)了他们的狗。.C参见上题解析。.A 由下文中的the gun shots”可知Jeff当时带着他的狗在爱荷华州打猎(hunted)。.D Jeff寻找他的狗Rosie无果。in vain是固定短语，意为“徒劳无益，白费力气二.A很高兴知道仍然有人非常关心(cares),不怕麻烦(trouble)。.B参见上题解析。.C 此处是Lisa在评价Ehlers为营救所做出的努力(effort)。.D Ehlers认为,丧失这只狗的主人很可能跟这只狗的关系很密切(close),就像他与他的狗之间的关系一样。.D Ehlers表示“如果那是我的狗，我希望有人愿意(willing)为我

19、的狗多走一些路程。willing”愿意二第二节体裁:记叙文题材:人物介绍主题:90岁的英国女士获得“年度女性奖”【文章大意】本文讲述了一位90岁的英国女士因每周仍然坚持工作而获得年度女性奖”的事迹。.being考查非谓语动词。介词for后应该用也-ing形式，故填being。.which考查关系代词。先行词是the pet shop,非限制性定语从句中缺宾语，故填whicho【易错点拨】由于先行词the pet shop是地点名词,所以有些考生会错填whereo如果填where的话,where在定语从句中应该作地点状语。如:He opened a pet shop, where the nei

20、ghbors bought pets.finally考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，故填finallyo.declared考查动词的时态。陈述过去发生的事需用一般过去时，故填declaredo.to retire考查非谓语动词。不定式作名词plans的后置定语，故填to retireo.have made考查动词的时态。根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知从句时态应为现在完成时, 故填 have madeo.but考查并列连词。这是notbut搭配，表达”不是而是.”的意思。.saying考查非谓语动词。在句中，接 是一个过去的动作，所跟随的成分用于说明 的内容,而非目

21、的。英语中的现在分词短语常常具有补充说明的功能，故填saying。.a考查冠词。此处表示“我们以为那是一个玩笑”，为泛指，且joke的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。.wonderful考查词性转换。此处该用形容词作表语，故填wonderfulo【熟词生义】late (Para. l,line 5)常用义:agad也迟，晚文章义:adj.已故的例句:My late husband left me nothing.我已故的丈夫什么也没有为我留下。第四局部写作 第一节短文改错Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to

22、do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose jobsuniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my coolfifthEnglish teacher too much. When I studied chemistry A high school, I reconsidered my goal or very/soin atanddecided to be a doctor. They we

23、re two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amang at the fact that a Thereamazedsick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in wasneed.第一处:job-jobs。考查名词的单复数。job”工作”为可数名词，其前的different说明此处为复数概念，故用job的复数形式，所以将job改为jobso第二处:coolly一

24、cool。考查形容词。look在此是系动词，其后接形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。第三处fve一fifth。考查数词。此处表达的是“我在读五年级时”，应用序数词。故将five改为fifth。第四处:too-very/so。考查副词。用副词too修饰much既不符合英语的惯用表达法，也不符合本句的意义。此处应使用very/soo第五处:high前加in/ato考查介词。in/at high school是固定短语,在此作状语。第六处:or-and。考查并列连词。两个分句之间为顺承关系,并非选择关系，故将or改为and。第七处:They一There。考查there be句型。此处为th

25、ere be句型，是”（存在）有”的意思。第八处:amazingamazed。考查形容词。amazing意为”令人惊讶的”，常用来说明物;amazed意为”（感至U）惊讶的”，常用来说明人。根据语境，此处需将amazing改为amazed0第九处:删除moreo考查形容词的比拟级。better已是形容词的比拟级淇前不用再加more,故删除more。第十处:is-was。考查动词的时态。根据语境,时态应为一般过去时，故将is改为was。第二节书面表达【写作思路】 题目要求给队友写一封电子邮件，通知近期将参加比赛。第一和第二个内容要点是重 点，也是难点，需要把它们写得具体。考生如果能把比赛的时间、

26、地点、对手、赛前准备、考前须知以及期 待写清楚,就符合写作要求了。【范文赏读】Dear Chris,Are you excited about our coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School next Friday? Here Id like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.First and foremost, the competition to be held in our scho

27、ol stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours. So significant is the game that it is required that everyone should present themselves punctually. Further, it is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you. To sum up, I wish you could live up to the ex

28、pectations of our school. And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!Looking forward to our victory!Yours truly,Li Hua【一句多译】表达方式一:Now I will give you an introduction to the game with a view to making you fully prepare for it. 表达方式二:Now ril keep you informed of some detailed information to help you

29、fully prepare for it.表达方式一:To begin with, the competition will be held in our school stadium, lasting for about 3 hours from 2 pm to 5 pm.表达方式二:First of all, the competition is scheduled to take place in our school stadium, beginning at 2 pm and ending at 5 pm.What will the woman do for the man?Take

30、 Henry to hospital.Stay with his kid.Look after his pet.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。What is Mr. Stone doing now?Eating lunch.Having a meeting.Writing a diary.Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?To discuss a program.To make a travel plan.To ask for sick leave.When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?A

31、. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. An interview.C. A job offer.Who is Monica Stansfield?A junior specialist.A department manager.A sales assistant.When will the man hear from the woman?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.听第

32、10段材料，回答第17至20题。What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors.C. Painting pictures.What did John do after he moved to the US?He did business.He studied biology.He worked on a farm.Why did John go hunting?A. For food.B. For pleasure.C. For money.What is the subject

33、 of Johns works?A. American birds. B. Natural scenery.C. Family life.第二局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（共15小题;每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系歹U） of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.M

34、atildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation fbr his strange and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but theyre also

35、 aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIts about two sisters Eri, a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse Hnight people1 who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnT

36、here was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle fbr your trust. Its a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyabl

37、e.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the worlds population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.Who does 2 refer to

38、 in the text?A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl.Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan.B. Matilda.C. After Dark.D. The Stand.What kind of book is Gone Girl?A. A folk tale.B. A biography.C. A love story.D. A horror story.BnYou can use me as a last res

39、ort（选择），and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it. This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers fbr my kids lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She m

40、ay just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, Alright. Yes, Til do it.”Im secretly relieved

41、because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is

42、able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That

43、relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社 区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.Tn that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish

44、 act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?A. She knows little about the club.She isnt good at sports.She just doesnt want to

45、volunteer.D. Shes unable to meet her schedule.What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings in paragraph 2 mean?Encourage teamwork.Appeal to feelings.Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?She gets interested in lacrosse.She is proud of her

46、 kids.C. Shell work for another season.D. She becomes a good helper.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?It gives her a sense of duty.It makes her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.CMarian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by hersel

47、f, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels me time. And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half

48、 (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.nI prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has l

49、unch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. Today, I just wanted some time to myself, nshe said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazolen

50、y, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流).“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week/ he said. It

51、s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.*That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us comp

52、any at the table. nIt doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology/ said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?Food variety.Eating habits.Table manners.Restaurant service.Why does Bechtel prefer

53、 to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.To catch up with her work.To have some time on her own.To collect data for her report.What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. Hes fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. Hes familiar with the bar

54、keeper.What is the text mainly about?The trend of having meals alone.The importance of self-reflection.The stress from working overtime.The advantage of wireless technology.DBacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the

55、 International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon an

56、d Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution（解决方案）.”We dont g

57、ive the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers/* says Florence Gold, a project manager.There are no tests/ Gordon says. HThere is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than Are you working towards your goal?9 Basically, ifs Tve got to produce this product an

58、d then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA/ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and. its not a very nice thing at times. Its a hard business review of your product.nGordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响）on college admissions and practical life skills. nThese kids are s

59、o absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont teach.n And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. 32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?The

60、y are hard to get rid of.They lead to air pollution.They appear in different forms.They damage the instruments.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?To strengthen teacher-student relationships.To sharpen students communication skills.To allow students to experience zero gravity.To link space tech