南京师大附中学年度第2学期高二期中英语试卷

1、2022 学年下学期南师附中高二期中考试 其次部分：阅读懂得 共两节,满分 35 分 第一节 共 10 小题；每题 2.5 分,满分 25 分 阅读下面短文 , 从短文后所给各题的四个选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑；A A、B、C、D 中,选出可以填入空白处的正确选项,Even as Google plans to test its fleet 车队 of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains a bit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000

2、 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm. “Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google self-driving car project. For now, Go

3、ogle has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google headquarters in Mountain View, California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses. The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, a

4、ccelerator or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “the vehicles will be very basic - we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible - but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype 雏形 are the first of a 100-car

5、fleet the tech giant is building. In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads - the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error - and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can drive because of age or illness. Google has said that self-driving cars could lau

6、nch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they dont own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requir

7、es a human driver at the controls. The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, including Delphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedal

8、s to allow “safety drivers ” to take control if needed. Google says the cars are safe. The vehicles have sensors that “can detect objects out to a distance of - 1 - more than two football fields in all directions, which is especially helpful on busy streets with lots of intersections,” Urmson said.

9、looking forward to learning how the community understands and interacts with the vehicles, and to uncovering challenges that are unique to a fully self-driving vehicle,”Urmson said. - 2 - 21. The passage informs us that self-driving cars . A. have already passed necessary tests B. will probably decr

10、ease traffic jams C. have been purchased by some companies D. will keep the drivers in good sprits 22. According to Chris Urmson . A. software and sensors are vital for self-driving cars B. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humans C. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderl

11、y D. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars 23. What is the best title for this passage. A. Self-driving Car Avoids Human Errors B. Self-driving Car Meets New Challenges s Self-driving Car Graduates to City Streets C. Google D. Google Self-driving Car Enjoys Global Popularity B The

12、clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctors office and the queue of patienoutside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say its high time for the model of short, sharp one-to-one appointments to give way to shared medical appointments SMAs. SMAs are doctor-patient v

13、isits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling 询问 , physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically, SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a common illness or medical condition. In contrast to one-to-

14、one visits, SMAs provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers. However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are

15、significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic, identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixe

16、d ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, “The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectatio

17、n is. ”“So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the work-flow and develop some experience. Provide - 3 - some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standard

18、s so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next.”24. What is the purpose of the SMA approach. A. To conduct medical research. B. To promote doctor reputation. C. To improve medical service. D. To meet patients expectation.

19、25. According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted. A. Personal service B. Fixed ideas C. Inadequate equipment. D. Shared goals 26. What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph. A. It is currently being questioned. B. It is impractical in some a

20、reas. C. It will enjoy wide popularity soon. D. It should be carried out step by step. C It true that high-school coding 编程 classes aren essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, a professor at Car

21、negie Mellon School of Computer Science. However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that its not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses 假说 . Its not as hard

22、 for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks 块 and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina

23、said. Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or- determined students away. The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, has become p

24、opular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to adjust lessons based on things they re interested in,Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood. The students

25、in the Flatiron class probab ly won t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not evbe relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through

26、 a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina. Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the only purpose of the classes. These kids are go

27、ing to be surrounded by computers - in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes - for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want - the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that - the better. - 4 - 27.

28、 Cortina believes early exposure to computer science makes it easier to . A. make good use of apps B. change the way of thinking C. deal with problems in daily lite D. complete future job training 28. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills leaned at Flatiron will . A. help students lean other comp

29、uter languages B. allow students to be admitted to better universities C. need improving when students look for jobs D. enable students to make a big fortune 29. The underlined word coax ” in the last paragraph is closest in the meaning to . A. challenge B. persuade C. frighten D. trick 30. Accordin

30、g to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to . A. compete with a future army of programmers B. stay longer in the information technology industry C. become better prepared for the digital world D. bring forth innovative computer technologies 其次节 共 5 小题；每题 2 分,满分 10 分 The researchers fo

31、und that people who lacked sleep ate more snacks and gained weight quickly. 33 That could be partially due to the shifting 变化 of the biological clock and changes to certain body hormones, especially hunger hormones. 34 So, their biological clocks shifted, which also changed the release of hunger hor

32、mones. The hormone leptin 瘦素 decreases appetite, while the hormone ghrelin（饥饿素） increases appetite, explained US researcher Vsevolod Polotsky. Sleep deprivation causes leptin to drop and ghrelin to rise, so you re hungry and eat more.”And even if they tried to sleep for as long as they wanted to dur

33、ing weekends, according to researchers, it was still not enough to meet standard sleep time because they found it difficult to fall asleep. Moreover, they were more likely to show increased sensitivity to insulin胰岛素 in both their muscles and their livers. “ 35” Polotsky told CNN, because “short, ins

34、ufficient sleep schedules will lead to an inability to change blood sugar and increase the risk of metabolic 新陈代谢的 disease in the long term. ”For this reason, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends at least seven hours of sleep each night for adults and much more for children. A. But what

35、 negative effects does it bring about. B. However, this wasnt the case for the first group. C. But is it useful to have such recovery sleep. D. Even worse, it may damage your health. E. That effect could very well be why we dont see benefits from weekendF. To catch up on sleep during weekends , peop

36、le in the third group would habitually eat later . G. That helps explain why we have an increased risk for things like diabetes when lacking sleep. 第三部分：语言学问运用 共两节,满分 45 分 第一节 完形填空 共 10 小题；每题 2.5 分,满分 25 分 - 5 - 阅读下面短文 , 从短文后所给各题的四个选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑； A、B、C、D 中,选出可以填入空白处的正确选项,第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每道题1.5 分,满分

37、30 分）请仔细阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出正确选项；Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children $20. This was the 1970s, and $20 was quite a bit of money. But I saw it 36 . My father trusted me to have the 37 t

38、o spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the means to get it. On a very basic level, my father was giving me a shopping spree狂欢 every year. But he was also giving me 38 over my own fun, trusting my ability to 39 money and making me feel like an 40 . He didnt buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave

39、me the means to walk into the bookstore and 41 it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him. My mother had an 42 for giving me what I needed, usually 43 at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I 44 at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my 45 job but had no new one.

40、But when my mother paid me a visit, I 46 a good show, telling her I had started my own company. My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasnt until she 47 that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with 48 . She knew how 49 I needed it. She knew that had she ju

41、st shown up with groceries, or 50 to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much 51 . The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the 52 with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to 53 my life and preserve my dignity 尊 严 . My mother and father both did t

42、he same thing. One was giving me the means to make my own 54 , and the other was giving me a second 55 when those decisions had cost me dearly. 36. A. naturally B. negatively C. differently D. originally 37. A. privilege B. intelligence C. authority D. desire 38. A. advantage B. doubt C. charge D. c

43、oncern 39. A. earn B. allocate C. manage D. raise 40. A. expert B. grown-up C. adventurer D. pioneer 41. A. read B. edit C. choose D. publish 42. A. passion B. talent C. plan D. demand 43. A. even B. merely C. roughly D. right 44. A. failed B. hesitated C. froze D. fell 45. A. routine B. creative C.

44、 challenging D. previous 46. A. put away B. put on C. put forward D. put off 47. A. arrived B. left C. fled D. returned - 6 - 48. A. credit B. loans C. receipts D. cash 49. A. badly B. reluctantly C. briefly D. temporarily 50. A. attempted B. offered C. promised D. managed 51. A. better B. more C. l

45、ess D. worse 52. A. depth B. length C. distance D. range 53. A. defend B. equip C. fix D. develop 54. A. preparations B. adaptations C. contributions D. decisions 55. A. chance B. visit C. solution D. trial 其次节（共 10 小题；每题 1 分,满分 10 分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或给出括号内单词的正确形式；Right now, most people atte

46、ntion is on the COVID-19 pandemic. In 56 way, this pandemic is also warning us to protect our planet Earth. World Earth Day, the international movement aiming 57 protecting and improving Earth senvironment, is celebrating its 50th anniversary on April 22. For Earth Day 2022, the theme is climate act

47、ion. 58 celebrate this, the Earth Day Network organized the Great Global Clean-up event. The network hoped that this would be the largest volunteer event in history, with people from all over the world 59 set up events to remove billions of pieces of trash from green spaces, urban communities and wa

48、terways. But due to the current ban on public gatherings and lockdown measures in many affected countries, clean-up events 60 postpone. 61it be coronavirus or our global That said, the occasion will still continue in a digital way. “climate crisis, we cannot shut down. 62 , we must shift our energie

49、s and efforts to new ways to mobilize 动员 the world to action.” Earth Day Network President Kathleen Rogers. While the event may not reach its originally 63 plan grandeur 宏大 , Earth Day 2022 could play a role in helping us sustain 64 environment friendly changes, such as practices like teleworking an

50、d video conferencing 65 have become more prevalent 普遍的 in this time. 第四部分 课本基础学问 共三节,满分 30 分 第一节 单词填空 共 20 小题；每题 1 分,满分 20 分 66. Einstein put it in this way: “Only a life lived for others is a . ”67. The number of deaths a from road accidents has gone up in the last few years. 68. If Jane had done a

51、dequate voluntary work, she wouldn been r t have by her dream university. 69. While the weather was extremely bad, they were not allowed to delay d emergency aid among people in the flood-hit area. 70. At this time every night, you won a v t find seat in the bar; it always full. 71. Such is human na

52、ture, that a great many people are often willing to s higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. 72. China is a peace-loving country and under no c will China first use nuclear weapons. 73. Now the factory workers here have their temperature taken at i of 4 hours. 74. Daniel has

53、u to keep the secret, so he wont tell anyone even though asked to. 75. Li Ziqi videos are widely c on the Internet, which have aroused many Westerners interest in - 6 - Chinese culture. 76. California is the third largest state in the USA and it also has the d of being the most multicultural state i

54、n the country. 77. COVID-19 is reported to have c hundreds of thousands of lives around the globe up to now. 78. Every time he passed by my house, he greeted me with his car window w down. 79. Last Friday, the little kid swallowed a coin, almost c to death. 80. It is widely a that students should be

55、 evaluated in terms of overall quality. 81. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. U , neither of them could swim. 82. Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying has an excellent c of English. 83. Despite her great age, the goddess was every g unable to discover her identity. indeed, but so f

56、ar, the archaeologists have been 84. Whoever v traffic laws should be punished. 85. As a medical expert, he has been a television viewers for weeks on how to protect themselves from being infected with the coronavirus. 其次节词组填空共 10 小题；每题1 分,满分10 分 86. Using the Wechat platform, people can 订阅 public a

57、ccounts, play games, hail taxis, and make a doctor appointment. 87. Given the epidemic situation, Hubei province and Beijing 与 磋商 the ministry. can publish their own gaokao dates after 88. Had those customers 预定 in advance, they wouldn be standing in line now. 89. When you set involved in sports and

58、 athletes, a lot of the racial barriers are 打破 ,排除 . 90. Due to the injury in your right foot, I rather you d 退出 the race next week. 91. A state in America 相当于 a province in China. 92. The French Revolution was successful in society 使 摆脱 inequality, which had a great effect on many European countrie

59、s. 93. Aspirin and penicillin are now still produced 大量地 and used widely in medical treatment. 94. The cost 把 考虑进去 , Mr. Blair proposal sounds more practical. 95. No pumas reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been 由 拥有 a private collector and somehow managed to escape. 第五

60、部分读后续写共一节,满分25 分 第五部分读后续写（满分25 分）阅读下面短文,依据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事；If there s one thing I cant stand people saying, its, “I m not good at anything. I donI just don buy that at all. To me, everyone has at least one talent, and while it sometimes takes you a lifetime to find, it does exist. There was a ti