2022-2023学年内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市第二十一中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市第二十一中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. .His tired face suggested that he _ really tired after the long walk.A. had been B. was C. be D. should be参考答案：B2. It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood. A. where; that B. that; where C. that; that

2、D. which; in which参考答案：C3. Time _, Ill arrange for you to meet Professor Li before you leave for Japan.A. permittedB. permitsC. permittingD. to be permitted参考答案：C4. Weve done a very good job their timely help. A. but for B. without C. because D. thanks to参考答案：D5. When asked whether the information o

3、n the Internet is true or false, they were not sure.A. half of whom said B. half of them sayingC. half of them said D. half of whom saying参考答案：C【详解】考查谓语动词和非谓语动词的区分。句意：当被问及互联网上的信息是真是假时，一半的人说他们不确定。分析句子结构，此句是when引导的时间状语从句，再看后半句中空格后面是they were not sure，是一个完整的句子，所以它应该是一个宾语从句，前面缺少主句，所以排除B/D项，另外whom不能作主句的主

4、语，它是一个定语从句的标志，故答案为C。6. Each member of _ Green Pace Club is required to gain _ better understanding of their system.A a; / B the, a C the, the D a, a参考答案：B略7. OK. I see. Its foolish of me to slip on some damp leaves and scratch my arms. Oh, _. I was only trying to advise you to be more cautious out i

5、n the wild.A.I couldnt agree more B. you put your mouth in your footC. its my privilege D. youre missing the point参考答案：D8. 一How serious is the disease?一Hopefully，most of the patients can be of the disease. A. hurt B. returned C. injuredD. cured参考答案：D 9. Out there, in the midst of the snow,_ in long

6、black jacket.A. a woman sat B. sat a woman C. sitting a woman was D. a woman was sitting参考答案：B10. 一What does the sign over there read? 一“No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area” Awill Bmay Cshall D. must 参考答案：C略11. _ a man tried to rob a store by entering through th

7、e roof, he got stuck upside down. A. Though B. Since C. Until D. When参考答案：D12. Ive been told that our teacher has the deadline for the composition by two days and we have to race against time.A. delayed B. alteredC. swung D. advanced参考答案：D13. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side wo

8、uld accept the conditions of . Aothers Beither Canother Dthe other参考答案：D14. . from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its percentage, looks a “blue ball”. A. Seen; covered B. Seeing; covering C. Seeing; covered D. Seen; covering参考答案：D略15. _ the unwritten rule goes, study is good, but he

9、alth comes first.A. WhichB. ThatC. AsD. What参考答案：C二、 填空16. Increasingly, Americans are becoming their own doctors by going to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies(药店).Some avoid doctors because of

10、the high cost of medical care, especially_61_ they lack health insurance. Or they may stay away because they find it_62_(embarrass) to discuss their weight, smoking, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. Patients may also fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicia

11、ns because of negative _63_ (experience) in the past. But_64_(play) doctor can also be a deadly game.Every day, more than six million Americans turn to the Internet_65_medical answers- and most of them arent nearly sceptical enough of what they find. A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet &American Life

12、Project found that 72 percent of those_66_(survey) believe all or most of what they read on health websites. They shouldnt look up “headache” and the chances of finding _67_(rely) and complete information, free from a motivation for commercial gain,_68_ (be) only one in ten, reports an April 2005 Br

13、own Medical School study. Of the 169 websites the researchers rated, only 16 scored as “high quality”. Recent studies found faulty facts about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to warn that a large amount of incomplete, inaccurate and even dangerous_69_ (inform) exists on the I

14、nternet.The problem is most people dont know the safe way to surf the Web. “They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion choices and start clicking. But thats risky, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative ( 权威的)，so its hard to know if what youre reading is _70_(re

15、ason) or not,” says Dr.Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute.参考答案：61. if /when 62. embarrassing 63. experiences 64. playing 65. for 66. surveyed 67. reliable 68. are 69. information 70. reasonable本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很多美国人不愿看医生，而选择在网上寻求医疗方面的答案，专家警告这种做法是有风险的，因为网上存在大量不完整、不准确甚至危险的信息。【61题详解】考查状语从句。句意：一些人

16、不愿看医生是因为医疗费用太高，尤其是当他们没有医疗保险的时候/如果他们没有医疗保险的话。此处可以理解成条件状语从句或时间状语从句，故填if /when。【62题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们远离医生是因为他们觉得谈论自己的体重、吸烟、饮酒和看电视着迷等习惯很尴尬。此处为find it+形容词+不定式结构，表示“发现做某事是的”，修饰物用ing结尾的形容词，表示“令人的”，故填embarrassing。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：病人也可能害怕了解关于他们的健康的情况，或是因为过去的负面经历而不信任医生。experience表示“经历”时是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填experiences

17、。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，扮演医生也能是一个致命的游戏。作主语用动名词，故填playing。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：每天，有600多万美国人通过互联网寻求医疗方面的答案。此处表示“为了”，故填for。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2002年皮尤网络与美国生活项目的一项调查发现，72%的受访者相信他们在健康网站上看到的全部或大部分内容。Those与survey之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填surveyed。【67题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们找到不受商业利益驱使的、完整可靠的信息的几率只有十分之一。修饰名词information用形容词

18、，故填reliable。【68题详解】考查主谓一致。句意参考上题解析，主语是the chances，谓语用复数，故填are。【69题详解】考查名词。句意：最近的研究发现了关于各种其他疾病的错误事实，致使一个研究小组警告说网上存在大量不完整、不准确甚至危险的信息。此处缺少名词作主语，故填information。【70题详解】考查形容词。句意：但这是有风险的，因为几乎任何一个人都可以建立一个看起来权威的网站，所以很难知道你看到的内容是否合理。此处缺少形容词作表语，故填reasonable。三、 阅读理解17. Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery

19、 that has confused scientists for decades. A study was led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah and Arizona State University, including researchers from the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation may have found the answer. According to the results, ele

20、phants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene (基因) that encodes p53, a well-defined tumor (肿瘤) suppressor, as compared to humans, who have only two. Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous. In isolated elephant cel

21、ls, this activity is doubled compared to healthy human cells, and five times that of cells from patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, who have only one working copy of p53 and more than a 90 percent lifetime cancer risk in children and adults. The results suggest extra p53 could explain elephants incr

22、eased resistance to cancer.“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer. Its up to us to learn how different animals overcome the problem so we can adapt those strategies to prevent cancer in people,” says co-senior author Joshua Schiffman, M.D., pediatric oncologist (肿瘤学家) at Huntsman Canc

23、er Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Primary Childrens Hospital.According to Schiffman, elephants have long been considered a walking problem. Because they have 100 times as many cells as people, they should be 100 times more likely to have a cell slip into a cancerous state and

24、cause the disease over their long life span of 50 to 70 years. And yet its believed that elephants get cancer less often, a theory confirmed in this study. Analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5 percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.12.

25、Why do humans often get cancer compared to elephants according to the passage?A. Elephants are bigger than humans.B. Elephants have more p53 than humans.C. Elephants are not as clever as humans.D. Elephants eat more than humans.13. Which of the following is right according to the passage?A. Some dam

26、aged cells may be dangerous.B. Some damaged cells are not dangerous.C. Some damaged cells cant be cancerous.D. Some damaged cells in elephants bodies are more dangerous than those in humans bodies.14. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Elephants have more cells than people.B. Elephants can

27、get cancer easily.C. Elephants seldom die from cancer.D. Elephants often die from cancer.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Elephants help usB. Learn from NatureC. How to deal with cancerD. Nature helps us prevent cancer参考答案：12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了

28、大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类，从科学的角度对大象和人类的体内细胞和一些基因进行了对比来说明。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中According to the results, elephants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene that encodes p53, a well-defined tumor suppressor, as compared to humans, who have only two.（根据研究结果，与只有两个p53基因的人类相比，大象多了38个编码p53基因的修改副本。p53是一种定义明确的肿瘤抑制因子

29、。）可知，大象有38个基因p53，而人类只有两个，所以大象有更强大的机制来杀死受损有癌变危险的细胞。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous.可知，有些受损细胞会有癌变的危险。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中And yet its believed that elephants get cancer less often, a theor

30、y confirmed in this study. Analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5 percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.（然而，据信大象患癌症的几率较低，这一理论在这项研究中得到了证实。对一个大型大象死亡数据库的分析估计，大象的癌症死亡率低于5%，而人类的癌症死亡率为11%至25%。）可知，大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Why ele

31、phants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades. A study was led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah and Arizona State University, including researchers from the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation may have found the

32、answer.（为什么大象很少患癌症是一个困扰了科学家几十年的谜。犹他大学和亚利桑那州立大学亨茨曼癌症研究所(HCI)的研究人员，包括林林兄弟大象保护中心的研究人员，领导了一项研究，可能已经找到了答案。）以及文章主要讲述了大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类，从科学的角度对大象和人类的体内细胞和一些基因进行了对比来说明。体现了大自然帮助人类预防癌症。分析选项可知A. Elephants help us“大象帮助我们”，文章并未说明大象直接帮助了人类，而是人类通过研究发现大象身上有助于预防癌症的细胞，故A选项不能体现文章主要内容；B. Learn from Nature“向大自然学习”范围太过宽泛，且没有体现文章中提到的大象身上提取的有助于预防癌细胞的事情，故排除B选项；C. How to deal with cancer“如何解决癌症”，文章没有提到直接