GRE填空讲义(06暑假)

1、GRE填空串讲黄颀一、概述1、GRE简介北美研究生入学考试，形势、展望和对策2、考试题型简介填空、类比、阅读、反义3、学习方法和时间规划4、GRE填空基本认识4-1出题原则A公平一绝对不能涉及背景知识B重复一信息重现的提示存在逻辑相关4-2出题模式A题自身包含解题线索一答案的唯一性。B增加阅读难度一干扰答题速度和准确率。例1：年轻人是。A充满活力的B年轻的C朝气蓬勃的D不老的E冲动的例2：秦始皇，中国历史上第一个皇帝，是一个皇帝。A残暴的B伟大的C好色的D奢侈的E勤政的例3：秦始皇，中国历史上第一个皇帝，是一个皇帝；他旰食宵衣，每天批阅大臣上奏的关于政务的竹简令人难以置信的达到数百斤。A残暴的

2、B伟大的C好色的D奢侈的E勤政的二、填空题解题步骤第一步、读主干|理关系第二步、找关键词/短语/语气第三步、选答案并适当理解全句验证与其说GRE填空是英语水平检测，倒不如说是以英语为载体的逻辑推理能力检测。主干大法适用于80%以上的考题。iATii()Af()Bin()A(+/-)()B,because()A(+/-)()Biv()A(-/+)()B,but()A(+/-)()B1、Thedisjunctionbetweeneducationalobjectivesthatstressindependenceandindividualityandthosethatemphasizeobedie

3、ncetorulesandcooperationwithothersreflectsathatarisesfromthevaluesonwhichtheseobjectivesarebased.AconflictBredundancyCgainDpredictabilityEwisdom2、Scholarssenseoftheuniquenessofthecentralconceptofthestateatthetimewhenpoliticalsciencebecameanacademicfieldquitenaturallyledtostrivingforacorrespondinglym

4、odeofstudy.AthoroughBdistinctiveCdependableDscientificEdynamic3、Yellowfever,thediseasethatkilled4,000philadelphiansin1793,andsoMemphis,Tennessee,thatthecitylostitscharter,hasreappearedafternearlytwodecadesinintheWesternHemisphere.Aterrorized.contentionBravaged.secretCdisabled.quarantineDcorrupted.qu

5、iescenceEdecimated.abeyance4、TheresultsoftheexperimentsperformedbyElizabethHazenandRachelBrownwerenotonlybecausetheseresultschallengedoldassumptionsbutalsobecausetheycalledthemethodologyintoquestion.Aprovocative.prevailingBpredictable.contemporaryCinconclusive.traditionalDjectedEspecious.original5、T

6、herearenosolitary,free-livingcreatures;everyformoflifeisotherforms.AsegregatedfromBparalleltoCdependentonDovershadowedbyEmimickedby6、ThespellingsofmanyOldEnglishwordshavebeeninthelivinglanguage,althoughtheirpronunciationshavechanged.ApreservedBshortenedCpreemptedDrevisedEimproved注意事项：找最直接的选项，避免发散性思维

7、7、Thenaturalbalancebetweenpreyandpredatorhasbeenincreasingly,mostfrequentlybyhumanintervention.AcelebratedBpredictedCobservedDdisturbedEquestioned先推哪一个空格都可以，怎么解题快速怎么来8、Partsofseventeenth-centuryChinesepleasuregardenswerenotnecessarilyintendedtolook;theyweredesignedexpresslytoevoketheagreeablemelanch

8、olyresultingfromasenseoftheofnaturalbeautyandhumanglory.Abeautiful.immutabilityBcheerful.transitorinessCcolorful.abstractnessDluxuriant.simplicityEconventional.wildness三、逻辑关系剖析第一类同义重复1、并列关系：特征词：and,also,or,notonlybutalso9、Thenewbiologicalpsychiatrydoesnotdenythecontributingroleofpsychologicalfactors

9、inmentalillnesses,butpositsthatthesefactorsmayactasacatalystonexistingphysiologicalconditionsandsuchillnesses.AdisguiseBimpedeCconstrainDprecipitateEconsummate10、Fewofustakethepainstostudyourcherishedconvictions;indeed,wealmosthaveanaturaldoingso.AaptitudeforBrepugnancetoCinterestinDignoranceofEreac

10、tionafter11、Kaganmaintainsthataninfantsreactionstoitsfirststressfulexperiencesarepartofanaturalprocessofdevelopment,notharbingersofchildhoodunhappinessorsignsofadolescentanxiety.ApropheticBnormalCmonotonousDvirtualEtypical2、因果关系特征词：because、inthat、for、therefore、thus、accordingly、consequently、given、the

11、reby、dueto、hence、so.that、so.asto、if.then、asaresult、resultin、inthesensethat、cause、giveriseto、when.then、aslongas.12、Hewasregardedbyhisfollowers,assomethingof,notonlybecauseofhisinsistenceonstrictdiscipline,butalsobecauseofhisadherencetoformaldetails.Aamartinet.rigidBanauthority.sporadicCatyrant.reluct

12、antDafraud.conscientiousEanacolyte.maniacal13、Aslongasnationscannotthemselvesaccumulateenoughphysicalpowertodominateallothers,theymustdependon.AalliesBresourcesCfreedomDeducationEself-determination14、Duringperiodsofsocialandculturalstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbythatallrealcreative

13、workmustbedonebythe.Adogmatists.disenfranchisedBmanagers.reactionariesCreformers.dissatisfiedDimposters.academiciansEspecialists.elite3、目的、手段、结果关系特征词inorderto、by、for、resultfrom、leadto.15、EdithWhartonsoughtinhermemoir音标，来自法语词topresentherselfashavingachievedaharmoniouswholenessbyhavingtheconflictingel

14、ementsofherlife.AaffirmedBhighlightedCreconciledDconfinedEidentified16、Onceaducklinghasidentifiedaparent,theinstinctivebondbecomesapowerfulforadditionallearningsince,bytheparent,theducklingcanacquirefurtherinformationthatisnotgeneticallytransmitted.Aimpulse.surpassingBreferent.recognizingCforce.ackn

15、owledgingDinspiration.emulatingEchannel.mimicking17、Hefeltitwouldbe,inviewoftheintensethatwouldlikelyfollow,tomakethesacrificerequiredinordertogainsuchlittleadvantage.Acharitable.growthBwelcomed.prejudiceCfutile.encouragementDacademic.acclaimEunrealistic.turmoil4、递进关系特征词：even、indeed18、Intheseventeen

16、thcentury,directfloutingofagenerallyacceptedsystemofvalueswasregardedas,evenasasignofmadness.AadventurousBfrivolousCwillfulDimpermissibleEirrational19、Despiteassortedeffusionstothecontrary,thereisnonecessarylinkbetweenscientificskillandhumanism,and,quitepossibly,theremaybesomethingofabetweenthem.Age

17、neralityBfusionCcongruityDdichotomy.Ereciprocity5、直接重复20、Thetechniquesnowavailabletolivestockbreederswillcontinuetobe,butwillprobablybebynewonesunderdevelopment.Afruitful.reversedBrefined.upgradedCinconvenient.reassessedDused.supplementedEharmless.improved21、Theeradicationofpollutionisnotmerelyamatt

18、erof_,thoughthemajesticbeautyofnatureisindeedanimportantconsideration.AeconomicsBlegislationCcleanlinessDaestheticsErestoration22、Comparativelyfewrockmusiciansarewillingtolaughatthemselves,althoughahintofcanboostsalesofvideoclipsverynicely.Aself-deprecationBcongenialityCcynicismDembarrassmentEself-d

19、oubt23、Melodramas,whichpresentedstarkoppositionsbetweeninnocenceandcriminality,virtueandcorruption,goodandevil,werepopularpreciselybecausetheyofferedtheaudienceaworldof.Abereft.theatricalityBcomposed.adversityCfull.circumstantialityDdeprived.polarityEdevoid.neutrality24、Famousamongjobseekersforits,t

20、hecompany,quiteapartfromgeneroussalaries,bestowedonitsexecutivesannualbonusesandsuchaslow-interesthomemortgagesandcompanycars.Amagnanimity.reparationsBinventiveness.benefitsClargesse.perquisitesDdiscernment.prerogativesEaltruism.credits6、间接重复6-1、解释关系25、TheMusesaredeities:theyavengethemselveswithoutm

21、ercyonthosewhowearyoftheircharms.AruefulBingenuousCsolicitousDvindictiveEdispassionate26、Speakersandlistenersarcoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficultto,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardtoAestimate.confirmBtransmit.DefendCprehendDsuppress.ignoreEremember.forge

22、t27、Unenlightenedauthoritarianmanagerarelyrecognizeacrucialreasonforthelowlevelsofseriousconflictamongmembersofdemocraticallyrunworkgroups:amodicumoftolerancefordissentoftenpreventsAdemurBschismCcooperationDcomplianceEshortsightedness28、Nineteenth-centuryscholars,byexaminingearliergeometricGreekart,

23、foundthatclassicalGreekartwasnotamagicalorabrilliantblendingEgyptianandAssyrianart,butwasindependentlyevolvedbyGreeksinGreece.Astratagem.appropriationBexemplar.synthesisCconversion.annexationDparadigm.constructEapparition.amalgam6-2、根据明显指示词来寻找线索Such、this、that、which、the29、LongdaleandSterndiscoveredth

24、atmitochondriaandchloroplastsalong,identifiablesequenceofDNA;suchacoincidencecouldbeonlybythetransferofDNAbetweenthetwosystems.Amanufacture.accomplishedBreveal.repeatedCexhibit.determinedDshare.explainedEmaintain.contradicted30、Socialtensionsamongadultfactionscanbebypolitics,butadolescentsandchildre

25、nhavenosuchforresolvingtheirconflictwiththeexclusiveworldofadults.Aintensified.attitudeBcomplicated.reliefCfrustrated.justificationDadjusted.mechanismErevealed.opportunity31、TheproponentsofrecombinantDNAresearchhavedecidedtofederalregulationoftheirwork;theyhopethatbymakingthiscompromisetheycanforest

26、allproposedstateandlocalcontrolsthatmightbeevenstiffer.AprotestBinstituteCdenyDencourageEdisregard32、Lawsdonotensuresocialordersincelawscanalwaysbe,whichmakesthemunlesstheauthoritieshavethewillandthepowertodetectandpunishwrongdoing.AvisionalBcircumvented.antiquatedCrepealed.vulnerableDviolated.ineff

27、ectiveEmodified.unstable6-3、根据语法现象来推断33、Inasocietythatworshipsefficiency,itisdifficultforasensitiveandidealisticpersontomakethekindsofdecisionsthatalonespellsuccessasitisdefinedbysuchasociety.Abureaucratic.edifyingBpragmatic.hardheadedCrational.well-intentionedDcompetitive.evenhandedEmodern.dysfunct

28、ional34、Theself-importantcantofmusicologistsonrecordjacketsoftensuggeststhattrueappreciationofthemusicisanprocessclosedtotheuninitiatedlistener,howeverenthusiastic.AunreliableBarcaneCarrogantDelementaryEintuitive35、Thevaledictoryaddress,asithasdevelopedinAmericancollegesanduniversitiesovertheyears,h

29、asbecomeaverystrictform,aliterarythatpermitsverylittle.Atext.clarityBwork.traditionCgenre.deviationDoration.grandiloquenceEachievement.rigidity36、Psychologyhasslowlyevolvedintoanscientificdisciplinethatnowfunctionsautonomouslywiththesameprivilegesandresponsibilitiesasothersciences.AindependentBunusu

30、alCoutmodedDuncontrolledEinactive6-4、上下义词的重复37、Remeltingoldmetalcansratherthanmakingprimaryaluminumfrombauxiteoreshippedfromoverseassavesproducersmillionsofdollarsinandproductioncosts.AdistributionBsalvageCstorageDprocurementEresearch38、Heavilyperfumedwhiteflowers,suchasgardenias,werefavoriteswithco

31、llectorsintheeighteenthcentury,whenwasvaluedmuchmorehighlythanitistoday.AscentBbeautyCeleganceDcolorEvariety39、Inanagewithoutradioorrecordings,anagebyprint,fictiongaineditsgreatestascendancy.AdecimatedBdenigratedCdominatedDemphasizedEresurrected40、Professionalphotographersgenerallyregardinadvertents

32、urrealisminaphotographasacurseratherthanablessing;magazinephotographers,inparticular,considerthemselvestotheextentthattheycanitspresenceintheirphotographs.Askillful.enhanceBinadequate.eliminateCoriginal.demonstrateDfortunate.minimizeEconventional.highlight7、无明显同义重复题型的对策41、Amongthemanyoftheproject,ex

33、pensecannotbenumbered;thegoalsoftheprojectspromoterscanbeachievedwithimpressive.Ahighlights.efficiencyBfeatures.savingsCdisadvantages.innovationDclaims.speedEdefects.economy42、ThewithwhichtheFrencharistocracygreetedthemiddle-classRousseauwasallthemorebecauseheshowedsolittlerespectforthem.Adeference.

34、remarkableBsuspicion.uncannyCreserve.unexpectedDanger.ironicEappreciation.deserved43、Becausemanyofthemineralsfoundontheoceanfloorarestillonland,whereminingisrelativelyinexpensive,miningtheoceanfloorhasyettobecomeaenterprise.AmonBaccessible.marginalCunidentified.subsidizedDconserved.publicEfitable44、

35、Anylanguageisaconspiracyagainstexperienceinthesensethatitisacollectiveattempttoexperiencebyreducingitintodiscreteparcels.AextrapolateBtranscribeCcomplicateDamplifyEmanage45、Itistothenovelistscreditthatalloftheepisodesinhernovelarepresentedrealistically,withoutanyorplayfulsupernaturaltricks.Aelucidat

36、ionBdiscriminationCartlessnessDauthenticityEwhimsy第二类反义重复1、转折关系：特征词：albeit、notwithstanding、although、though、but、despite、eventhough、however、inspiteof、nevertheless、nonetheless、while、whatever、regardless、evenif、eventhough、yet46、Althoughancienttoolswerepreserved,enoughhavesurvivedtoallowustodemonstrateano

37、ccasionallyinterruptedbutgenerallyprogressthroughprehistory.Apartially.noticeableBsuperficially.necessaryCunwittingly.documentedDrarely.continualEneedlessly.incessant47、Thelaborunionandthecompanysmanagement,despitetheirlonghistoryofunfailinglyacerbicdisagreementonnearlyeveryissue,haveneverthelessrea

38、chedanunexpectedly,albeitstilltentative,agreementonnextyearscontract.AswiftBonerousChesitantDreluctantEconclusive48、Currentdatasuggestthat,althoughstatesbetweenfearandaggressionexist,fearandaggressionareasdistinctphysiologicallyastheyarepsychologically.AsimultaneousBseriousCexceptionalDpartialEtrans

39、itional49、Thepowersandsatisfactionsofprimevalpeople,thoughfewandmeager,weretheirfewandsimpledesires.AsimultaneouswithBcommensuratewithCsubstantiatedbyDcircumscribedbyEruinedby50、Atfirst,Ifoundhergravityratherintimidating;but,asIsawmoreofher,Ifoundthatwasverynearthesurface.AseriousnessBconfidenceClau

40、ghterDpoiseEdetermination2、直接对比关系特征词：Incontrast(to)、onthecontrary、farfrom、ontheotherhand、ratherthan、insteadof、not.but、more.than；paradoxically、ironically、surprisingly、unexpectedlycuriously；shiftfromAtoB、decayfromAtoB、reconcileAwithB、replaceAwithB、distinguishbetweenAandB.51、Thechildrensnatureswereinsh

41、arpcontrasttotheeven-tempereddispositionsoftheirparents.AmercurialBblitheCphlegmaticDintrovertedEartless52、ThetransitionfromthePaleolithictotheNeolithiceraisviewedbymostarthistoriansasa,because,insteadofanincreasinglypictorialart,wefinddegeneration.Amilestone.debasedBconsolidation.diverseCcalamity.a

42、berrantDregression.sophisticatedEcontinuation.improved53、Fromtheoutset,theconceptoffreedomoftheseasfromtheproprietaryclaimsofnationswaschallengedbyacontrarynotion-thatoftheoftheoceansforreasonsofnationalsecurityandprofit.ApromotionBexplorationCsurvivingDconservationEenclosure54、FarfromviewingJeffers

43、onasaskepticalbutenlightenedintellectual,historiansofthe1960sportrayedhimasthinker,eagertofilltheyoungwithhispoliticalorthodoxywhilecensoringideashedidnotlike.AanadventurousBadoctrinaireCaneclecticDajudiciousEacynical55、Paradoxically,EnglandscolonizationofNorthAmericawasbyitssuccess:theincreasingpro

44、sperityofthecoloniesdiminishedtheirdependenceupon,andhencetheirloyaltyto,theirhomecountry.AdemonstratedBdeterminedCalteredDunderminedEdistinguished56、Ratherthanenhancingacountryssecurity,thesuccessfuldevelopmentofnuclearweaponscouldserveatfirsttoincreasethatcountrys.AboldnessBinfluenceCresponsibilit

45、yDmoderationEvulnerability57、Itcomesasnosurprisethatsocietieshavecodesofbehavior;thecharacterofthecodes,ontheotherhand,canoftenbe.ApredictableBunexpectedCadmirableDexplicitEconfusing58、Itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthethingsthatcharismaticfiguresdoandthosethatarecarefullycontrivedforeffect.Aforma

46、llyBpubliclyCprolificallyDspontaneouslyEwillfully59、Althoughscientistsclaimthattheseeminglylanguageoftheirreportsismoreprecisethanthefigurativelanguageoffiction,thelanguageofscience,likealllanguage,isinherently.Aornamental.subtleBunidimensional.unintelligibleCplexDliteral.allusiveEsubjective.metapho

47、rical60、Since1813reactiontoJaneAustensnovelshasoscillatedbetweenandcondescension;butingenerallaterwritershaveesteemedherworksmorehighlythandidmostofherliteraryAdismissal.admirersBadoration.contemporariesCdisapproval.readersDindifference.followersEapprobation.precursors61、Recentresearchindicatesthata

48、systemofparticleswhichhasapparentlydecayedtorandomnessfromstatecanbereturnedtothatstate;thusthesystemexhibitsakindofmemoryofitscondition.Aanequilibrium.lesserBanordered.earlierCanunusual.settledDachaotic.lastEahigher.present62、Socialscientistshaveestablishedfairlyclear-cutthatdescribetheappropriateb

49、ehaviorofchildrenandadults,butthereseemstobeaboutwhatconstitutesappropriatebehaviorforadolescents.Afunctions.rigidityBestimates.indirectnessCnorms.confusionDregulations.certaintyEstudies.misapprehension63、WhereastheartcriticVasarisawthepaintingentitledtheMonaLisaasanoriginalandwonderfulfeat,therepro

50、ductionofanaturalobject,theaesthetessawitasthatrequireddeciphering.Acollaborative.anaberrationBhistorical.asymbolCtechnical.ahieroglyphDmechanical.animitationEvisual.anillusion64、TheparadoxicalaspectofthemythsaboutDemeter,whenweconsiderthepredominantimageofherasatranquilandserenegoddess,ishersearchf

51、orherdaughter.AextendedBagitatedCcomprehensiveDmotivelessEheartless.3、时间对比关系特征词：before、once、until、previous、current、recently、early、now、today、later、future、initially、formerly、pristine、after、nolonger65、Industrialistsseizedeconomicpoweronlyafterindustryhadagricultureasthepreeminentformofproduction;previouslysuchpowerhadlandownership.Asabotaged.threatenedBducedCtoppled.culmin