unit7thegloriousmessinessofEnglish市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、Unit 7 Learning about EnglishText A TheGlorious Messinessof English第1页 Pre-reading task While-reading tasks : Detailed-reading ( Part 1) Detailed-reading ( Part 2) Detailed-reading ( Part 3) Post-reading tasksText A The Glorious Messiness of English第2页 Cultural NotePre-reading task第3页The Historical

2、Overviews of English VocabularyThe primitive inhabitant: Celts. They spoke Celtic.55B.C. Julius Caeser led Romans invaded the British Isles and occupied the land until 410.第4页Old English(450-1150)The Anglo-Saxon PeriodAfter Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came in great n

3、umbers. Soon they took permanent control of the land, which was to be called English. Their language, historically known as Anglo-Saxon, dominated and almost totally blotted out the Celtic. Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as Old English.第5页(1) Christianity The introduction of Christianity

4、had a great impact on the English vocabulary. 第6页(2) Invasion In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders, many Scandinavian words came into the English language.第7页Old English has a vocabulary of about 50,000-60,000 words. 第8页Middle English(1150-

5、1500)The Norman Conquest in 1066 started a continual flow of French words into English. Norman French became the polite speech. But by the end of the 13th century, English gradually came back. During this period, Britain had trade relations with Holland and, as a result, as many as 2,500 words of Du

6、tch origin found their way into English.第9页Modern English(1500)(1) Renaissance Modern English began with the establishment of printing in England. During the Renaissance, enormous numbers of Latin words became part of English vocabulary.第10页(2) Bourgeois Revolution & Industrial Revolution In the mid

7、-seventeenth century, British tentacles began stretching out to every corner of the globe, thus enabling English to absorb words from all major languages of the world. 第11页(3) World War II Since the beginning of 20th century, thousands of new words have been created to express new ideas, inventions,

8、 and scientific achievements.第12页The Main Idea of the text ABecause of its tolerance for outside influences, English has become a great language.While-reading tasks第13页The Structure of the text1. The text can be divided into three parts.Part 1 (Paras1-3) Massive borrowing from other languages is a m

9、ajor feature of the English language.第14页Part 2 (Paras4-16) Tells about the history of the English language from the Indo-European parent language to modern English.第15页Part 3 (Paras17-19) Tolerance, love of freedom, and respect for the rights of othersthese qualities in the English-speaking people

10、explain the richness of their language.第16页2. List, in order of the time, the important historical events mentioned in part 2 that have had a great impact on the formation of today s English 第17页Paras 4-9 The introduction of the Indo-European language the parent language of English.Paras 10-11 Germa

11、nic tribes came to settle in Britain and brought Anglo-Saxon words Old English.第18页Para 12 The Christian religion enriched English with words from Greek and Latin.Para 13 The Vikings from Scandinavia came with words from Old Norse. 第19页Para 14 The Norman Conquest French influence.Para 15 The Europea

12、n Renaissance and the printing press brought many new words from Latin and Greek.第20页Para 16 The American revolution the emergence of a new variety American English.第21页Part I Rhetorical Device: Oxymoron: An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the readers, luring them to pause a

13、nd explore why.第22页矛盾修饰法是指修饰语和被修饰语之间看来似乎是矛盾，但实则相辅相成。 eg. soursweet days苦涩而甜蜜岁月 creative destruction 创造性破坏 poor rich men 贫穷富人 living death 死普通活着第23页 Interpretation of the text The title, The Glorious Messiness of English offers a good example of oxymoron. “ Glorious” is a commendatory term,while “ me

14、ssiness” is derogatory. 第24页 Why do they stand next to each other ? Then, as the reader reads on, he/she will find out that the title is actually a thesis statement :Yes, English is messy, but the messiness reflects some 第25页 commendable qualities of English, such as tolerance, the love of freedom,

15、and the respect for others rights. At this point the reader cannot but admire the authors ingenuity. 第26页 QuestionsWhy does English today have a much large vocabulary than any other living language? How large is it?第27页What is the attitude of the French toward borrowing from other languages? A. glad

16、 to accept B. unpleasant to absorb C. indifferentWhat do they do to preserve the purity of their language?第28页be supposed to : have a duty or responsibility to do sth. 理应，应该，按理. He is supposed to be there on time. We are supposed to help each other. Language Study第29页(Line 7) corrupt (vt.): 1. cause

17、 errors to appear in(讹用，使变得不标准） Has Japanese been corrupted by the introduction of foreign words? These jargons may corrupt your good English. 2. bribe 贿赂 她因向警察行贿而被送进监狱 She was sent to prison for trying to corrupt a policeman.第30页【记忆法】cor (together) + rupt (break): 一起弄坏，引申为腐败。派生词 corruption n. 腐败；co

18、rruptor n.腐败分子。【考点】fight corruption 与腐败作斗争；political corruption 政治腐败corrupt bankruptdisruptInterrupterupt第31页【经典考题】Money _ many persons, even some children.A. rusts B. destroys C. corrodesD. corrupts【答案】D【解析】A. rust意为“使金属等生锈”；B. destroy 指“毁灭、毁坏”；C. corrode指“慢慢腐蚀金属和产生破坏作用”；D. corrupt“腐蚀，使堕落”，指原来品质、思想

19、受到坏影响；因而D项最符合题意。译文：金钱腐蚀了很多人，甚至包含孩子。第32页(Line 8) ban (banned, banning) vt. forbid(sth.) officially 禁止，取缔 （used in the pattern:ban sth. ban sb. from sth./doing sth. 第33页 The treaty bans underground nuclear tests. 那条约禁止地下核试验。他被禁止开车。 He was banned from driving. n. ban + on. The government is considering

20、 a total ban on cigarette advertising.第34页考点】announce/declare/lay a ban on 宣告对禁令；lift/remove/withdraw a ban from取消对禁令；exercise/impose a ban against/on 实施对禁令；第35页【经典考题】Because of the shortage of water there is a _ on the use of hosepipes.A. ban B. vetoC. tabooD. boycott【答案】A【解析】A. ban 强调经过法律或权威规章禁止，常

21、接介词on; B. veto 指“否决权”；C. taboo 意思是“禁忌”；D. boycott 意为“抑制”。译文：因为缺水，禁止使用水龙软管。第36页(Line 15) tolerance (n.)容忍，忍耐（力），宽容 I think tolerance between students is extremely necessary since they live and study together.Human beings have limited tolerance of noise. have/display/show/exhibit tolerance for sth.有/表

22、示宽容第37页Part IIRhetorical Devices: Metaphor(暗喻)：暗喻是间接地把一物同与其某种相同点另一物相比较，不用比喻词。 In this text the English language is compared to plants, and the various culture influencing it are compared to the soil, while users of English are compared to gardeners. 第38页For example, core of English（英语关键） (Line 23),

23、a common parent language（共同母语）(Line 43), another flood of new vocabulary（另一次新词大量涌入）(Line 68)第39页 Parallelism（排比）：排比是用一连串内容相关，结构类似句子成份或句子来表示强调和一层层深入。Eg. “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, 第40页 we shall fight in the h

24、ills. We shall never surrender.” (Line 29) Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。第41页 Personification（拟人）：拟人是把非人事物看成人来写，把人特点赋予事物或某种抽象概念，用原来只适合用于人名词，形容词，动词来描写事物，使其含有些人 某种属性。第42页 eg. There is personification in the sentence. “Translations of Greek and Roman classic

25、s were poured onto the printed page”（Line 80) -“希腊罗马经典著作译文纷纷印成书册”第43页 Metonymy（转喻）：转喻也叫换喻，即借用与某物相关或相连东西代称某物。 eg. There is metonymy in the sentence “The country now had three languages: French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common 第44页 people .”Here the word “churches ”sta

26、nds for religious institutions and those who are involved in the religious practices. (Line 69)这时英语三种语言并用：贵族使使用方法语，教会使用拉丁语，平民使用英语。第45页 The kettle boils.壶开了.(the kettle=the water in the kettle) Gray hairs should be respected. (gray hair=old people)第46页Related questions 1. What makes up the core of th

27、e English language? A. Old English B. Anglo-Saxon English C. Old English or Anglo-Saxon English D. Indo-European parent language 第47页 2.What is the characteristic of those words that form the core of English?A. odd B. long C. complicated D. short 3.What is the function of old English used by great s

28、peakers? A. to show their knowledge B. to encourage their audience C. for the things that really matter to us. D. to stir up the listeners feelings. 第48页Language Study(Line 22)necessity (n.):1)sth. you must have in order to live properly or do sth.( + of/for + n.)必要东西，必须品Water is a basic necessity o

29、f life.第49页2) the state of being necessary 需要，必要性( + of/for + n.) Necessity is the mother of invention.（谚）需要是创造之母。【考点】by/of necessity 无法防止，不得已；out of necessity 出于需要，必定 in necessity 急需，贫穷第50页【记忆法】necessary a. 必要，必须；必定，不可防止 necessities n. 生活必需品；necessarily ad. 必要地；必定地；necessitate vt. 使成为必要。例：Its an un

30、popular measure, but the situation necessitates it.这种方法不太常见，但形势使然，不得已而为之。第51页(Line26)arouse(vt.): provoke (a particular feeling or attitude)唤起，激起 The speaker aroused (the anger of) the audience.演讲者激起了听众（怒气）。第52页【考点】arouse anger/suspicions/discontent引发愤恨/怀疑/不满 【经典考题】Our hopes _ and fell in the same i

31、nstant. A. aroused B. aroseC. raised D. rose【答案】D【解析】arouse 意为“激起，唤起”，常作及物动词；arise为不及物动词，常表示“出现”、“产生”；raise 是及物动词，表示“举起”，rise 为不及物动词，表示 “升起、上升”；该句中由and 表对称和并列标准，能够判定应为rise。译文：我们希望刚才燃起就破灭了。第53页surrender1) vi. to give oneself up, as to an enemy投降，屈服：(与to 连用)屈从于【经典例句】We advised the hijackers to surrend

32、er themselves to the police.我们劝那些劫持者向警察投案。2)vt. to give up or abandon放弃或抛弃【经典例句】You must surrender your old passport when applying for a new one.你申请新护照时，必须交出旧护照。第54页注意surrender ones right to sth. 放弃对权利；surrender to sb. 对投降；surrender unconditionally 无条件投降【经典考题】We love peace, yet we are not the kind o

33、f people to yield _ any military threat. (CET-4, 1998.1)A. up B. to C. in D. at【答案】B【解析】固定搭配 yieldto，所以选B。译文：我们热爱和平，但我们是一个不会对任何军事威胁屈服民族。第55页(Line 42) resemble (vt.):be like or similar to 与相同（不可用被动态，进行式）She resembles her mother in character but not in appearance.她性格像母亲，但外表并不像。He resembles his father

34、closely. 第56页(Line 43)descend(vi.):come down (from a source); go down(起源于；下来)The elevator descended slowly.电梯慢慢地下降。The path descended sharply.这条小路下斜坡度很陡。These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers. 【考点】descend from 从下来，是后代，源于；descend into 堕落到；descend (up)on降临，突然攻击第57页【经典考题】We managed

35、to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to _ .(CET-6, 1997.1)A. ascendB. descend C. declineD. plunge【答案】B【解析】A. ascend上升，攀登；与题意不符；B. descend 下降，是正确答案；C. decline 也有由高到低之意，但主要是数目标降低力量减弱，另外还有拒绝之意；D. plunge 意为即将冲下。译文：我们成功抵达了由顶，半小时后我们开始下山。第58页Drift vimove or go somewhere in a sl

36、ow causal way Right after Spring Festival, millions of young people_ (从农村流入城市务工) The boat drifted out to the sea. drifted from the countryside to the citiesin search of work第59页Drift n 1. There are drifts of dead leaves and branches in the street. 2. We must stop this drift towards war. 3. I cant qu

37、ite catch the drift of what you are saying. A. 大意，主旨 B.漂流物 C. 趋势，转移第60页collocationDrift through life 虚度年华Drift with the current/tide 随波逐流Drift from to 从到Synonyms: float, flow v trend, tendency n第61页(Line 56) pass (sth.) on to (sb.): hand or give (sth.) on (sb.)将付给When you have finished reading the n

38、ovel, please pass it on to Laura.Her grandma passed on much of her fortune to her.第62页(Line 73)alternative(n.): one of two or more possibilities(followed by to)供选择东西I had no money, so I had no alternative to staying (no alternative but to stay) at home.我因为没有钱，所以除了待在家里别无选择。第63页 (used in the pattern:

39、+ of)We took the alternative of walking.我们选择步行。第64页(Line 76) modify (vt.) : change slightly 修改，更改The terms of the transaction can be modified.交易条件能够修改。The government authorities modify the original plan.第65页(Line 82)habitual:done as a habit,regular,usual惯常a habitual later comer 惯常迟到人。sit in ones hab

40、itual place 坐在某人习惯坐地方。第66页(Line 83)catastrophe(n.):a sudden great disaster大灾难 Tidal waves, the catastrophe in which many people died.很多人死于海啸，这场大灾难中。第67页(Line 89) put into practice:将付诸实施How will you put your plan into(in) practice ?They werent allowed to put into practice in their daily lives the tea

41、chings they received.第68页Part IIIRhetorical Device: Metaphor(暗喻) the cultural soil(Line95)文化土壤 the first shoots sprang up(Line97)最初根芽萌发第69页 grew stronger(Line 97)生长壮大 build fences around their language(Line 97)建立语言保障 the special preserve of grammarians(Line 100)语法学家特殊领域第70页QuestionsWhat do you think

42、 of Jespersens remark “The English language would not have been what it is if the English had not been for centuries great respecters of the liberties of each individual”?Give reasons.第71页What do you think has made English “the first truly global language”?第72页Language Study(Line 94) strike out : start being independent 开始独立，自谋生计After working for his father for about ten years, he decided to strike out on his own.第73页The town Council spent a lot of money preserving the old castle and other places of historic interest.Ice